Heroes and feats

Rank: Major Branch of military: Air Forces (except marine aviation), Coast Guards, the troops of the NKVD, Border Guards Devision: the 250th rifle Bobruisk Red Banner order of Suvorov Rank: Major Branch of military: Air Forces (except marine aviation), Coast Guards, the troops of the NKVD, Border Guards Devision: the 250th rifle Bobruisk Red Banner order of Suvorov In the heat of battle at Smolensk in July, 1941 the commander of the 922nd rifle regiment 250th rifle division 20th Army of the Western front major D. I. Kuznetsov died heroically , a former officer of the Main Directorate of Border guards of the NKVD of the USSR. Dmitry Ignatievich Kuznetsov was born in February 1903 in the village of Varnavino, Demidovsky district, Demidovo-Prigorodnaya volost, Smolensk province, to a peasant family. He first put on a red army uniform when he was twenty-two years old, when in October 1925 he was drafted to the cavalry units of the Red Army. At the beginning of the War major Kuznetsov was in the Moldavian border district. Returning to Moscow, D. Kuznetsov filed a report with a request to send him to the active army. His request was granted, and within a few days he began to form a rifle regiment, the basis of which was the border guards. In the first days of July, the 922nd rifle regiment, commanded by D. I. Kuznetsov, took up the defense on the far approaches to Moscow, in the Smolensk region, very close to the commander's native places. The regiment received a combat mission- "to Delay the German offensive! Stop the enemy, do not miss the enemy tanks!". Being in the direction of the main attack, the border guards withstood several tank attacks of the enemy, selflessly repelled numerous attempts of the fascists to break through to Moscow and did not retreat a step. In many areas of defense, the regimental commander inspired the soldiers by personal example, drawing them into counterattacks, pushing the enemy back to their original lines. Here is how veterans describe one of the last fights of Kuznetsov D. I.: Kuznetsov with eyes burning with anger, black from sunburn and dust, spoke to the fighters: "Anyone who does not maintain order and discipline in the red Army is an enemy and a traitor to our Motherland," the soldiers and commanders listened with bowed heads to the speech of the regiment commander, and he continued: "look at me, my left hand does not work, but I still have my right. I will fight with my right hand, and if they beat off my right hand, then my legs are intact. I will fight with my feet, if they beat off my legs, I will bite the enemy with my teeth. As long as the heart of a Russian person is beating in my chest, I will not give up and will not give in to the enemy of our Fatherland. Before us is the enemy and the suffering of the Motherland. The ashes of burned villages, the cries of fathers, mothers, wives and children. So let us be worthy sons of our people and write down our glorious deeds in the history of Russia. Either they will remember us with glory, or they will curse us as cowards!" In one of the new counterattacks, German submachine gunners appeared at close range to the right of the command post. Major Kuznetsov rolled a machine gun out of the shelter with one hand and started shooting the occupants at point-blank range. The fascists could not stand it and turn back. Kuznetsov, dragging the soldiers with him, rushed forward: "Aha! Run away, you sons of bitches! After all, Russia is not France for you!" - And so with shouts of " Hurrah!", " For the Motherland!" the unit occupied the second village and crossed the river Black Creek. At this time, an enemy shell fragment wounded the regimental commander in the stomach. This wound turned out to be fatal for him. "(G. T. Shpykhov, a veteran of the division) on July 28, 1941, he died of his wounds in a field hospital. On the recommendation of the front command, the brave officer was posthumously awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union. The feat of major Dmitry Kuznetsov is revered by border guards, a street in the city of Demidov in the Smolensk region is named after him. REFERENCES 1. From the Moscow region and the Volga to Berlin and the Elbe: Memoirs of veterans of the 250th rifle division. - Saint Petersburg, "Tolerance" 2, 2003. - 52 p. 2. Vorobyov M. V., Titov V. E., Khrapchenkov A. K. Smolyan-Heroes of the Soviet Union. - M., 1982. 3. Rybkin V. A. "Star hour" of major Kuznetsov. - M., 1974. Council of veterans of the 250th Bobruisk red banner order of Suvorov II rifle division

Rank: Lieutenant My grandfather was drafted into the red Army almost at the very beginning of the great Patriotic War (in January 1942 by the Daursky RVC) when he was very young. During the entire War, he took part in numerous combat operations as part of 424 ozad MK, 381sd, 98sk, 935ap, fought for the defense of Moscow, participated in the battles of the Leningrad and 2 Belorussian fronts. He fought for the liberation of cities and villages not only of the Soviet Union, but also of the territories of Poland, Latvia, Belarus, and the Czech Republic.Victory met in Berlin-from April to 8.05.1945 in the ranks of soldiers of the Berlin offensive operation. He went through the entire war - from Moscow to Berlin and, most importantly, returned alive! For military services, he was awarded two Orders of the Red Star, the order of the Patriotic war II degree, the medal "for the defense of Moscow", the medal"for the victory over Germany in the great Patriotic War of 1941-1945". After the War, he returned to his native land - Krasnoyarsk territory, Daursky (now Balakhtinsky) district, the village of Krasny Klyuch. Married (wife-Rykova Nina Petrovna). He had three wonderful children-Alexander, Sergey, and Lyudmila. For the rest of his life, he worked as a teacher of physics and physical education at the Krasnoklyuchinsky secondary school. Until now, on the Internet you can find memories and warm words of his former students. It is a pity that he was not so early, in September 1971. We are proud to have such a valiant warrior in our family. His children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren will always remember him, passing on the memories of that difficult time from generation to generation.

Rank: Captain military Branch: Armored and mechanized troops. Division: 354th rifle Kalinkovichi order of Lenin red banner order of Suvorov division. My father-Kurushin Alexander Kirillovich was born in 1907, died on 25.04.1977. Went through the entire Second World War from Lieutenant to captain's guard. Passed active military service in the Management of the 354th rifle division. He was an assistant chief of the ATS, a military technician 2nd rank with an assignment of military ranks of senior technician Lieutenant, and then became the head of the VTS 921АП, head of VTS 314 AP. He participated in the defense of Moscow and was awarded the medal "for the defense of Moscow". Participated in the storming and liberation of Prague, was awarded the medal "for the liberation of Prague". Participated in the assault and capture of Berlin, was awarded the medal "for the capture of Berlin". He was awarded the order of the red Star and the medal for military merit. Awarded the badge "guard". Had a wound, was wounded in March 1943. The second serious wound was got in February 1945. Until 1949, he continued to do his military duty in Vienna. After the war, he always held senior positions and was awarded The "veteran of Labor" medal. I was at work until the last day. He was an honest, hardworking, decent and conscientious person. A wonderful husband and a kind, caring, loving father. I remember, love and am proud of my dad. ETERNAL MEMORY TO MY DAD AND ALL THE DEAD AND DECEASED PARTICIPANTS OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR. Bow to those great years.Those glorious commanders and fighters And marshals of the country and the ordinary Bow and dead and alive. All those which should not be forgotten Bow, friends, the world all the people all the earth , bow down to that great battle!

Rank: Sergeant Branch of military: the Land Forces, the Air Forces (except for Naval aviation), the Coast guard, the NKVD troops, Border Guards My interlocutor Ivan Petrovich Korneev. Here's what he said about himself: I was born and raised in the Alder farm. I don't even remember my father. He died when I was three years old. There were five of us left: my mother, two older sisters, me and my little sister. They lived in poverty, tried to feed such family on my mother's workdays. And then the younger sister got sick and died. However, I was only four years of elementary school we had in the Alder. To continue learning, it was necessary to go to Lobanovo. But we couldn't afford it, so I considered my training complete. In the summer he worked as an ox-driver. In the winter, I was sent as a cowman's assistant. So he worked until the age of sixteen, and then entered the courses of tractor drivers. They taught us well, although the technique was still the same: STZ with iron wheels. But the most important thing was to understand, and the engine was the same, only the chassis was different. When the CHTZ appeared, I retrained on them, and worked until the war. I learned about the war from the radio, I was in our field camp. Men immediately reached for the military enlistment office. Although our year was a draft year, we first mobilized those who were born before March. So I wasn't called up until the end of April 1942. Gathered, built at the military enlistment office, we listened to the parting words of the Chairman, the old men and set off for Dubovka. Marching companies were trained there. I got into Junior commanders ' courses. And after two and a half months, they gave me, a Sergeant, fifteen people of Ukrainians, Tatars, and Kirghiz for training. There were automatic PPSH, and our regiment was a rifle, so I had to train this "motley" brotherhood in everything that they taught me. Then they sent us to Sevastopol. But we managed to get only to Novorossiysk. Sevastopol fell. I often wonder if I was lucky or not. According to eyewitnesses, there was a hell of a place, but the heroism of our soldiers and sailors reached its peak. Exhausted the fascist thoroughly...They returned us to Filonovo station. And four kilometers away — the village of Budanovo, where they began to train, as we joined the 41st rifle regiment. The German were gathering forces, preparing for the capture of Stalingrad, not a day passed that we did not dive "messerschmidts", bombed constantly. Then we were sent on foot to the don front. A day went by, as soon as they reached their positions, the command immediately came: "we are Advancing!". We were confronted by an Italian division. So we gave them hell, rushed "wops" like hares, threw everything that was possible. We took a lot of trophies back then... Taking a new bridgehead, they repelled the attacks of the Germans, who tried to deploy forces to direct their "fist" at Stalingrad. During the next offensive, he was wounded and sent to the hospital. After treatment, he did not join his regiment. Sent to the sapper battalion, under the third tank army, 7th tank corps. Workers were always needed, but everything had to be done: bridges were built, and minefields were cleared. So we entered Berlin on a tank, the fighting was already subsiding, and we were transferred to Czechoslovakia. Helped the brothers. How we were greeted! A single sea of flowers. Soon the happy news: The War was over. How to convey those feelings, joy! The happiness that you were alive and could return, please your mother, the pride that you were a warrior-liberator! He returned to his native Olkhovka, a prominent guy, three orders on his chest: one World War II, and two Red Stars, arms, legs, head intact. What a girl's heart will stand. In 1946, he married the woman. We danced at the wedding, sang and, frankly, had a nice walk. And again work. My wife and I raised two children: a son and a daughter. In 1976, they moved from the farm to Loboykovo. Worked as a mechanic. mechanic. He retired in 1983. But he continued to work as a mechanic for another four years. And then he said: «Be enough». Now I'm resting. My wife let me down, died three years ago. But children and grandchildren do not forget." How many grandchildren?" - Four, and already three great-grandchildren. V. Zhuravlev. "Danilovsky news". № 113 (9797) 20.09.2001

Rank: red army soldier. He was drafted into the Red Army in June 1942 by the Verkhoshizhem RVC. Red Army soldier. At the front since October 1942, 1 severe wound, 1 light wound and 1 severe contusion to the spine in February 1943 with vertebral damage. In the summer of July 1943, he was commissioned with a diagnosis of musculoskeletal disorders, a disabled person of the Patriotic War. In April-May 1943, he was treated in the evacuation hospital No. 1510. Kirov. In June 1943, he entered the evacuation hospital No. 1952 of the village. Orichi. In July transferred to the hospital p. Verkhoshizhem'ye. At the end of July, he was transferred to his wife to care for the seriously injured. (Since 1948, he was observed and treated at the regional hospital of the disabled of the great Patriotic War in Kirov, 113 K. Marx street. In 1996, it was renamed the Kirov regional hospital for war veterans). My grandfather, Grigory Fyodorovich, could not sit and walk. After a year of intensive treatment and constant training of the back, arms and legs, I learned to sit down. Six months later, I learned to walk around the room, leaning on chairs, holding on to the walls. For about seven years, my grandfather did not go outside the house without an escort. And yet, every year he stood on his feet more firmly. In 1950, my grandfather started working on a collective farm. For the rest of his life, my grandfather wore an iron leather corset that held his back upright. My grandfather defeated death three times. The first time, surviving in battle, February 1943. The second one defeated the disease and got back on his feet, in May 1945. And the third time is a celebration of life, in August 1946, the birth of daughter Ali. Information and documents with the number of the military unit, unfortunately, have not been preserved. And we grandchildren, comparing the dates of injuries received and what happened at the front, can only assume about the place of service of the grandfather, about his combat path.

Born in 1910 in the city of Chigirin (Ukraine, Cherkasy region) in a family of workers. Ukrainian. Education: 6 classes. He graduated from the Novo-Peterhof military and political school of the NKVD of the USSR. Member of the Liberation campaign in Western Belarus and the great Patriotic war. Battle route - Western, Central, South – Western, Bryansk, Voronezh and 1st Ukrainian front. Until September 1940, he served in the ranks of the 17th red banner Timkovichi border detachment of the border troops Department of the NKVD of the Belorussian district. Since September 9, 1940-political instructor, Deputy political commander of the 1st border section of the 17th red banner Brest border detachment of the border troops of the NKVD of the Belarusian SSR, with the location of the commandant's office in the town of Volchin in the Brest region of the Belarusian SSR, personal number 386 [1]. On the first day of the War, he led the defense of the third Outpost in the village of Velichkovichi, now kamyanetsky district of the Brest region of the Republic of Belarus. The Outpost under his command during the first day of the war caused significant damage to the enemy. With part of the personnel, retreating from the border with battles, at the end of July 1941, he went to the place of concentration of the border detachment near the city of Gomel. In August-September 1941, as part of the detachment, he fought in defensive battles in the Gomel direction, guarded the rear of the 21st army, and escaped from the encirclement near Pyriatyn. From October 15, 1941-military Commissar of the 1st rifle battalion of the 17th Red Banner border regiment of the NKVD Directorate for the protection of the rear of the 6th army of the South-Western front, and then the 13th, 5th and 38th armies of the Bryansk front [2]. At the end of 1942, he was sent to form a Separate army of the NKVD of the USSR in the city of Sverdlovsk, now Yekaterinburg. On February 1, 1943, as the 70th combined arms army, it was incorporated into the Red Army. In 1943, he was Deputy political commander of the supposedly 1st rifle battalion of the 277th rifle regiment of the 175th Ural rifle division of the 70th army of the Central front. In March 1943, as part of the regiment, he participated in the fighting on the Orel-Kursk bulge. On March 8, 1943, in a battle near the village of Muravchik in the Kursk region, he was seriously wounded and evacuated to a hospital in the city of Gorky, now Nizhny Novgorod. After 6 months of treatment, he continued to serve in the red Army. In February 1945, he was Deputy political commander of the military commandant of the city of Fraustadt, now Vshova in Poland. In 1951-Deputy commander of a tank regiment in the city of Feodosia, the Crimean region of the RSFSR. In 1956, he was dismissed to the reserve of the Armed Forces of the USSR on seniority. Retired Lieutenant Colonel. Lived in the city of Chigirin. For a long time he worked as the Chairman of the Chigirinsky district Executive Committee of the Ukrainian SSR. Raised and raised two daughters and a son. He died in 1985. He was buried in Odessa, Ukrainian SSR. Awarded the order of the Patriotic War I and II degrees (2.11.1945), the Red Star, and medals.

Rank: Red army Branch of military: Land Forces, Air Forces (except for naval aviation), Coast Guards, NKVD troops, Border Guards Division: 357th rifle division of the order of Suvorov My grandfather, Alexey Dmitrievich Korostelev (on his mother's side), died in February 1942 in one of the offensive operations to capture a settlement in the Kalinin region. Here is an extract from the War diary of the 357 rifle division: "28.02.42 G. the division moved to the attack on D. Scully from the West and South - West. The enemy, supported by a group of skiers with machine guns up to 150 people, conducting intense fire, counterattacked our units. Suffering heavy losses, the division's units were forced to withdraw to their original position. Further attacks were unsuccessful. The enemy, using its superiority in manpower and fire power, repeatedly tried to counterattack, but all its attacks were repulsed by the 1190 rifle regiment. Losses killed and wounded 150 people. 01.03.42 the enemy continued to hold Shkurli, having two large-caliber machine guns and eight light machine guns. The garrison of Shkurla consisted of machine gunners. On the night of 01.03.42 g. a group of machine gunners-skiers 25-30 people leaked on the road Petrovskie Gari-Shkurli, but were scattered and fled into the forest. As a result of the fighting from 26.02. to 01.03.42 g for the capture of Shkurla, parts of the division lost 620 people killed and wounded. Such large losses are explained by the presence of a large clear clearing around the village, the lack of hidden approaches and significant enemy firepower. 02.03.42 g. parts of the division occupy Petrovsky Gari and the forest South-West of Shkurla. 03.03.42 g. 1188 rifle regiment-1 km West of Shkurla 1190 rifle regiment-Petrovskie Gari 1192 rifle regiment-South-West of Shkurla, covering the road to Mantrovskie».

Branch of military: Artillery Mikhail Komrakov was born on April 25, 1925 in Gorky (Nizhny Novgorod) in a working – class family, Russian, non-partisan, education-4 classes. He was called up for military service by the Voroshilov RVC in Gorky on 20.01.1943. He took the military oath on June 15, 1943 in the 277th separate artillery division. Military occupational specialty – artillery anti-aircraft artillery of small caliber without a radar instrumentation system. Passed military service in the period: January 1943-May 1943-91 reserve anti-aircraft artillery. regiment-cadet; may 1943-October 1943. - 277 div. anti-aircraft division-Deputy com. guns; October 1943-April 1944-66 div.. battery ZDN-reading; April 1944 – January 1945-88 anti-aircraft. art. regiment-gun number 37 mm guns; January 1945 – January 1948-73 autorep. factory-driver. Dismissed to the reserve on January 6, 1948, according to the Decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR. He was in Germany, Poland, Czechoslovakia, participated in fierce battles, liberated the Soviet land from the Nazis. Among the numerous awards there is a medal "for bravery and valor". Having received a serious wound in October 1944, he was sent to the hospital. He could no longer be in the soldier's ranks, and he was sent for further service in the rear, at a military car repair plant. It was only in 1948 that he was retired. After the war, I decided to try my hand at a new place. He left his former place of residence and came to Kalmykia in search of either a better life or happiness. Here he met his future wife, Nadezhda Alekseyevna Bocharova. They created a strong family, raised 4 children, 9 grandchildren and 13 great-grandchildren. We lived together for 46 long years. He worked for a long time in the collective farm "Rodina" as a tractor driver, and later in the Troitsky District. I didn't like to talk about my past. According to the stories of Nadezhda Alekseevna, they learned that he had experienced a lot, seen a lot in life, and more than once he had to look death in the eye. The title "Veteran of the great Patriotic War" was awarded to him only after his death, his name is carved on the plate of the memorial dedicated to the virgin lands who fought on the fronts of the great Patriotic War. Lived seventy-eight years, died July 4, 2003

In 1941, Boris Ivanovich Kroshechkin worked as a senior accountant at Parabel butter factory. From the first days of the War in house number 13 on Bazarnaya street, where a large family lived Kroshechkin, began to receive the summons to the military enlistment office. Each time, his wife Anna Tikhonovna collected a knapsack and accompanied her husband with tears. Three children were also crying, clinging to their skirts, and the fourth, born in September, was in their arms. Two or three days later, Boris Ivanovich returned home with a medical certificate in his hands: "Released from conscription in the red army due to a congenital heart defect." In early 1943, Boris Ivanovich wrote to the military enlistment office with a request to send him to the front as a volunteer. He left for the active army on May 10, 1943, and fought in the 34th guards tank brigade. Boris Ivanovich began his military career under Velikiye Luki. In the field, it was not easy for a healthy person, let alone with a sick heart... The swelling started so much that I couldn't put on two-size boots on my feet anymore. He was sent to "light labor". For a while, he was a cook, feeding soldiers on the front line. Then he was transferred to the clerk of the technical unit of the motorized battalion of machine gunners. Boris Ivanovich was wounded on September 23, 1944 near Riga. He was sent to the next part with a package of documents. We had several kilometers to go. Along the way was an ambulance, fully loaded with wounded. Boris perched on the running board of the car. We had driven no more than a kilometer when the car was hit by an anti-tank mine. Everyone was scattered. Boris was thrown far to the side, and a splinter broke the ankle of his right leg. Of all those who rode in this car, he was the only one left alive. While he was found, while he was taken to medical unit No. 234, an infection developed. The leg had to be amputated above the knee. Then there were several other hospitals. In July 1945, Boris Ivanovich on crutches returned home to his family in the village of Parabel, Tomsk region.

Rank: Red army Branch of military: Land Forces, Air Forces (except naval aviation), Coast Guards, NKVD troops, border guards. 16th SMOLENSK PARTISAN BRIGADE, which fought Krasovskii Ephraim I. created 28 Jul 1942 in Casblanca district of Smolensk region based on units Telishevska V. I. and A. S. Leshcheva, allocated to the 3rd brigade connection "dad". Later, 6 more detachments were organized as part of the brigade. Until the spring of 1943, the brigade was called the 5th, operated in the Smolensk region (in the Kasplyansky and Rudnyansky districts), in March 1943. relocated in Vileyka and Vitebsk region of Belarus. During three years of fighting, the brigade defeated 16 punitive detachments, suppressed 53 enemy garrisons, destroyed several thousand enemy soldiers and officers, and derailed dozens of echelons. The brigade's combat path ended in Lithuania on the outskirts of Vilnius. It joined the Red Army on July 4, 1944 as part of 7 detachments with a total of 637 partisans. Brigade commanders: T. G. Davydkin (July 1942-August 1942), I. R. Shlapakov (August 1942 - July 1944); Commissars: D. T. Golnev (July 1942 - September 1943), a.m. Kulichkov (October 1942-October 1944), G. N. Timoshenkov (March 1944-July 1944). Krasovsky Efrem Ivanovich partisan, commander of the anti-tank gun unit, fought in partisan detachments from the beginning of the war. He passed a glorious military path as part of the 16th Smolensk partisan brigade and died heroically in battle with the German-fascist invaders on June 27, 1944, a week before the partisan brigade joined the red Army. Posthumously awarded the order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree.

Rank: Colonel. Branch of military: aviation. Vasily Kosyachenko (25.02.1907-10.04.1974)-Colonel, military bomber pilot. He was born in the village of Krasny Khutor in the Kursk region in a family of peasants. Father Yegor Mikhailovich died in 1914 in the First German war, and mother Melania Matveevna was killed by bandits in 1919. Vasya was raised by his grandmother Praskovya. He went to work early and was not afraid of any work. He worked at a factory in Zaporozhye as a laborer, foundry worker, locksmith, tinsmith. Since 1929, he served in the army in the coastal defense of the Baltic Fleet in the city of Peterhof. In the army, he first sat at the controls of an airplane and realized that this is his vocation. In 1931, he entered the Gatchina pilot school and successfully completed it. After graduating from school, Vasily Yegorovich worked as an instructor pilot. In 1937, he was appointed commander of a ship of a heavy aviation squadron in Zaporozhye. In the same year, he married Zoya Nikitichna Manokhina (my great-grandmother). In 1938, they had a daughter (my grandmother), who was named Stalin, and three years later the war began. Vasily Yegorovich got into the bomber aviation regiment, under the command of Lieutenant Colonel B. V. Bitsky. The Bitsky group was called the Bitsky night bomber hunter group. Together with Vasily Yegorovich, his wife Zoya Nikitichna also went to the front. She was a radio operator during the war years. Bitsky's group began fighting to repel the German offensive on Moscow in October 1941. on 06.12.1941, Bitsky's regiment received its own number and became known as the 750th long-range aviation regiment. Tsykin Alexey Dmitrievich in his brief essay on the history of long - Range Aviation-From "Ilya Muromets" to the rocket carrier wrote: "During the counteroffensive, the 750th long-range bombardment regiment of the 1st air division under the command of Lieutenant Colonel B. V. Bitsky achieved high results. Flights of hunter crews were widely used. They operated at night, bombed and shelled columns of troops, searched for trains on railway lines, fired at and destroyed trains, arranged "traffic jams" and congestion on railway sections. Sniper bombed the enemy, the crews of captains E. V. Kosyachenko, N. D. Avdeev, P. P. Glazkov and E. p. Fedorov. They made two flights a night...". Alexey Fedorov in his book "aviation in the battle of Moscow" also mentioned the famous 750th aviation regiment and my great-grandfather: "the 750th long-range bombardment regiment, which was later transformed into the 3rd guards regiment of the same division under the command of Lieutenant Colonel B. V. Bitsky, distinguished Itself in the defense of Moscow. Airships under the command of captain V. E. Kosyachenko, senior lieutenants N. D. Avdeev, P. p. Glazkov and others from the squadron of the Hero of the Soviet Union captain E. P. Fedorov repeatedly delivered effective strikes against enemy troops in the area of Mozhaisk, Mtsensk. By the end of October alone, the regiment had flown 277 sorties with an average bomb load of more than 900 kg. The crews of long-range bombers showed high morale and combat qualities when performing tasks. Often flights to the target were performed in very difficult weather conditions. Bombing was sometimes carried out from extremely low altitudes (250-300 m), with strong opposition from enemy air defense and small arms. The division developed a method of striking enemy targets: sorties were usually made by single aircraft on a dark night. This made it possible to maneuver freely on the flight route and in the target area, as well as to choose objects for repeated attacks from low altitudes. The applied method of striking increased the probability of hitting the target...". Vasily Yegorovich in 1942 was appointed Deputy squadron commander of the 3rd guards long-range aviation regiment. And in 1943 – Deputy commander of the 890 heavy bomber aviation Bryansk regiment. In his book "PE-8. Test of war " Vladimir Ratkin wrote about the operation carried out by the 890th air regiment, where my great-grandfather served. "On the night of 07.02.1944, in order to withdraw Finland from the war and facilitate the deblocking of Leningrad, the ADD subjected Helsinki to a massive bombardment. The commanders of the ships of the 890th aviation regiment and the 25th guards regiment dropped high-explosive FAB-5000 air bombs on military facilities located in Helsinki. One bomb exploded in the area of the cable factory, the other-in the area of railway workshops. The combat mission was to deliver separate strikes in small groups of aircraft. It was the operation to destroy. Military-industrial facilities in the capital of Finland – Helsinki, was held for three nights. Three massive air strikes were carried out. As a result, many objects were put out of action, which prompted Finland to withdraw from the German Union." From the award lists of my great-grandfather: "during the Great Patriotic War Kosyachenko Vasily Yegorovich made 162 sorties, of which: 15 sorties during the day and 147 sorties at night. He flew 144 flights on an IL-4, 8 flights on a PE-8, and 10 flights on a B-25. Of all the sorties, 11 he made in the deep rear of the enemy on the political and industrial centers of the enemy: in Danzig – 1 departure 18.08.1942, in Warsaw – 2 departures 21.08.1942 and 01.09.1942,in Berlin – 1 departure 29.08.1942, in Budapest – 1 departure 04.09.1942,in Konigsberg – 1 departure 09.09.1942, in Insterburg – 1 departure 24.10.1942, in Helsinki – 1 departure 06.02.1944, to Constanta – 1 departure 11.04.1944, to lechin – 1 departure 06.04.1945, to Svinemund – 1 departure 27.04.1945. 4 departures were made for alternate targets: Daugavpils, Shvedepiyul, Kiev and Tarnovo, due to bad weather conditions and the failure of the material part. Combat missions were completed successfully. Combat flights to both long-range and short-range targets were provided with excellent communication with the ground. He is fluent in night flying in bad weather conditions. Perfectly knows the technique of piloting, a good practitioner and an expert in flying. Awarded the title of a pilot of the first class. Thanks to the rich experience of flight instructor work, he mastered the B-25 aircraft and invested a lot of work in retraining the flight crew on new equipment and building up combat crews...". During the second world war, Vasily Yegorovich made 2,415 hours of flight during the day and 881 hours at night. Also, he trained and commissioned 3 commanders on the PE-8 aircraft and 21 pilots and ship commanders on the B-25 aircraft, who successfully completed combat missions. After the end of the war in 1945, a son, Boris, was born in the Kosyachenko family. In 1949, Kosyachenko Vasily Yegorovich graduated from the Higher officer flight and tactical school of unit commanders and after graduation served as a military test pilot of the 1st class at the Aviation plant No. 51 (later the Sukhoi machine-Building plant). Once Vasily Yegorovich was testing a new bomber plane, and when he began to land, the plane's landing gear jammed and it was impossible to land it. Then Vasily Yegorovich told the dispatcher that he would land the plane on the "belly". Vasily Yegorovich and another pilot who was in the cockpit with him were ordered to leave the plane, even though it cost a lot of money. No one believed that it was possible to land a plane without landing gear and still survive. But Vasily Yegorovich convinced the authorities to put the plane on the "belly" and landed, while saving their own lives and the plane. For this, he was awarded the second order of Lenin and was presented with the title Hero of the Soviet Union (but unfortunately never received it). Later, when his health no longer allowed Vasily Yegorovich to fly, he worked as an engineer at the same factory until his retirement. On February 23, 1968, O. Chekmarev published an essay about my great-grandfather in the newspaper "For shock rates" of the Kuibyshev machine-Building plant. From O. Chekmareva's essay: "- Only today I went to the military enlistment office, I received medals, - Vasily Yegorovich explains, - these two for the twentieth anniversary of the victory over Nazi Germany I received on myself and my wife. She also served in a military unit during the war. And this is a medal for the 50th anniversary of the Armed Forces. I have nine medals now, and six more orders. Naturally, the conversation turned to orders. Under what circumstances and for what reason did you receive them? A long pause. Then the unexpected answer: "I don't know." And then: «For work». Yes, it is difficult to say where that feat, that display of courage was, for which you could directly give the order and say: "we reward you For such actions."

Rank: Red army Branch of military: Land Forces, Air Forces (except naval aviation), Coast Guards, NKVD troops, Border Guards Division: 350th rifle Zhytomyr-Sandomierz Red Banner order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky When at the end of December 1942, Soviet troops liberated the settlement of Kalach-Kurtlak Chernyshevsky district from the invaders, Kaplin Peter Vasilyevich 1yanvarya 1943 was drafted into the red Army. At that time, he was not yet 18 years old, he just added a year to himself. Peter was a strong, brave guy who fiercely hated the fascists, so he aspired to the front. He was assigned to the 1176 rifle battalion of the 350th rifle division of the 12th army of the 3rd Ukrainian front. He served as a Red Army soldier, as a battalion commander. He took part in combat operations from July 1, 1943. Their regiment as part of the 350th rifle division took part in the Donbass offensive operation. Our troops had to cross the Seversky Donets and break through the enemy's fortified defense line. In early September 1943, the battalion, whose Komsomol member was P. V. Kaplin, was assigned the task of breaking through the enemy's defense line in the area of the village of Golaya Dolina. Fierce fighting took place in the village. Several times the same structure passed from hand to hand. There are no houses left. Equipment was on fire, soldiers were on fire ... the Naked Valley in the Soviet troops received another name "Dead Valley". During the offensive, the battalion commander was killed, and his great-grandfather took command. He, a 17 - year-old soldier, led the fighters in the attack. The detachment under his command broke through the enemy's defenses and went on the offensive. On September 6, 1943, the battle of the Seversky Donets ended. On September 6, 1943, as a result of a severe wound, the War ended for Kaplin Peter. Four pieces of glass hit him. Two doctors were able to remove. And two more were firmly "stuck" in his body: it was impossible to touch them. One, having damaged the vocal cords, "stopped" near the spine. The other, shattered, remained in the thigh. For six months, he was treated in hospitals, recovered, and learned to walk again. On February 22, he was discharged from the army with a record: "Disabled person of the Patriotic War of the 3rd group". In 1947, Peter Kaplin was awarded the Order of Glory of the 3rd degree.

Branch of military: Land Forces, Air Forces (except naval aviation), Coast Guards, NKVD troops, Border Guards My great-grandfather Kupchinsky Evdokim Arkhipovich was born on October 30, 1923 in the USSR, Ukrainian SSR, Kirovograd region, Alexander district, village of Boltyshka. In 1941, when the Great Patriotic War began, he studied at a flight school. In 1942, after completing accelerated flight courses, he was sent to the front line to liberate our Homeland from the German invaders. Since the Great Patriotic War began suddenly, on June 22, 1941, there was little military equipment (including aircraft that my great-grandfather learned to fly), so my great-grandfather served in the infantry. During the War, he was wounded, captured, and released. For his courage and heroism, bravery and bravery, he was awarded a large number of medals and orders, information about which has not yet been preserved in full. At the current date, there is information about 13 awards, which have preserved award certificates, such as the order of the Patriotic War II degree, the Zhukov medal and others. After the end of the great Patriotic War, he came to our city, graduated from a construction College here and worked as a foreman at various construction sites in Magnitogorsk before retiring. During the time of conscientious work, he was awarded various awards, including the "Veteran of Labor" medal. Unfortunately, I know about my great-grandfather just from the stories of my father and grandmother, because he is no longer alive. Other Russian soldiers who were with the entire Russian people, were able to win the great Patriotic War by overthrowing the Nazi invaders, but I am very proud of the fact that I had such a great-grandfather, among millions of other Russian soldiers.

Rank: Second Lieutenant military Branch of military: aviation Kaplin Alexander Petrovich was born in 1922 on April 18, in the family of a worker, place of birth farm Sidorovo-Kadamovsky Oktyabrsky district of the Shakhty district of the Rostov region. In February 1941, he was drafted into the red Army by the Oktyabrsky rural District Military Commissariat of the Rostov region and was enrolled in an aviation school. After graduating from an aviation school, he was enlisted as a pilot in the 6th Separate air Ambulance regiment of the 16th air army of the Belarusian front. Sergeant Kaplin Alexander Petrovich, a pilot of the 2nd Aviation squadron transported seriously ill people from the front line to the rear, delivered medicines and blood for the wounded to the front, being chased by enemy fighters. From May 1943 to November 1943, he made 198 operational combat sorties, during which he took out 259 wounded, transported 90 liters of blood, 380 kg of medicines, and 23 consultants on a LI-2 transport plane. In November 1943, he was awarded the Medal "for BRAVERY"for excellent performance of tasks of The military sanitary Department of the front. Awarded the order of the Patriotic war, 2nd class for successful completion of tasks. From November 1943 to August 1944, he made 280 operational sorties. In September 1944, for his courage and dedication, he was awarded the second order of the Patriotic war, second class. Medals "for the Liberation of Warsaw", "for the capture of Berlin"," for the victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 "anniversary medals in honor of" Victory in the Great Patriotic War 20 years, 30 years, 40 years", anniversary medals"Armed forces of the USSR 50 years,60 years,70 years".

Kresova Efrosinya Antonovna, nee Grishina, was born in 1907 in the village of Novaya Romanovka in the Mglinsky district of the Bryansk region. She had 1 class of education. She married Peter Fedorovich Kresov (born in 1907), who was a very beautiful and intelligent man (had 4 classes of education). By 1941, she and her husband were 34 years old and had 5 children: Ekaterina (born in 1928), Ivan (born in 1930), Yakov (born in 1932), Mikhail (born in 1937), Anastasia (born in 1940). The family was large and friendly, everyone had their responsibilities, the children went to school, the older ones took care of the younger ones and helped their parents. At that time, the family was viewed as a separate labor team, and almost all families had 5 or more children. A large family would be able to cultivate more land, mow more hay for livestock, prepare more feed, etc. Nothing foreshadowed trouble, but for the first time during the War, my great-great-grandfather, like other villagers, all men and teenagers from 16 were taken to the front. Many of them were never to return. In the village there were only old people, women and children who accompanied everyone to the front with tears and joy. From dawn to dawn, all the women had to work on the collective farm. It was hungry, everything went to the front. And in order to somehow survive, all families tried to run a household. The oldest child in the family, my great-grandmother Catherine was 13 years old at the time, she finished the 5th grade. Looking ahead, I want to say that this is the end of her childhood and school life. All the children had to drop out of school because they had to help adults. According to her stories, it was very difficult during the War, they had to work a lot without rest and sleep, they were malnourished, and many children fainted from hunger right in the fields. There were big problems with food, and bread was baked from the grain that was given in the collective farm at home. Everyone got a piece a day. But, of course, this was not enough, because this piece of bread should be stretched out for the whole day. Everyone was hungry, people were dying of hunger right on the street. And in order not to starve, people ate tortillas from the roots of some plants. They were dug out, washed, cleaned, calcined in a hot stove, then pounded in a cast-iron mortar to get flour. This flour was used to bake tortillas and eat them. Great-grandmother Katya, along with her brothers, went to the field and collected these roots. They also collected frozen and rotten potatoes that were left in the fields after harvesting. It was also eaten and called this dish – "nausea". But it was difficult not only for my family, it was difficult for all the people, the whole country. The first heavy loss for her was the death of her youngest daughter Anastasia. But it was necessary to live, no matter what, because she had four young children on her hands, who were supposed to grow up healthy and happy. And I really wanted them to live in a free country under a clear and clear sky. At that time, it was very difficult to live in the village, since the collective farm worked for workdays, that is, for free. There was no money at all, so there was nothing to buy. There were very few letters from the front. Her husband rarely wrote to her, and tried not to tell her anything about the front, asking more about the house and the children. I didn't want to worry, because he also understood how difficult it was for them there. In 1943, Efrosinya Antonovna received notifications from the front – " ... in a fierce battle, Peter Fedorovich Kresov died a brave death....". what was happening at that moment in the soul of the great-great-grandmother is difficult to describe. Great-great-grandfather was a very brave soldier, as evidenced by his awards. But this also had to be endured, and with even greater strength and zeal to work for the benefit of their children and the front. Every year life became more and more difficult, and with the help of their mother, all the children began to work with her on the collective farm. It seems that everyone, from young to old, is working – but life has not become easier. The working day in all of them began at four in the morning and ended late in the evening, while it was necessary to do something at home to survive: plant your vegetable garden, feed your cattle. All the work was manual, as all the equipment and good horses were taken to the front. There were only lame horses left in the village, so strong women were harnessed to the plow. At the same time, the entire crop was grown under the slogan " Everything for the front! Everything for victory!" was taken to the cities, and the villagers were left with nothing. But even in winter, no one was left idle: you had to go to the forest and prepare firewood for heating your homes and collective farm premises. The War ended – not many returned home. And those who came were crippled with severe injuries. Still, it wasn't much easier for women and children. After all, all the hardships of restoring villages and villages fell on the shoulders of women and children. My great-great-grandmother Efrosinya Antonovna had to go through a lot, but she was able to raise and raise four children. All of them received commendations while studying at school, and during their work they were awarded medals and orders. It was difficult for all people during the great Patriotic War. A lot of grief fell to a lot of all women. They suffered many losses, and their hearts were torn for everyone: their own and others', young and old. But the happiness of any mother is to raise and raise worthy children. My great-grandmother was able to raise four children during this difficult time. She died in 1982 at the age of 75, a happy woman. She had children and grandchildren who loved her, the respect of colleagues and neighbors, and most importantly-a peaceful sky above the head!!! And during all the holidays she had only one wish for everyone: "...Let no one ever know what the war is!»