Heroes and feats

Type of troops: Armored and mechanized troops. Our father, grandfather, great-grandfather Kalabin Alexander Pavlovich was born in Talapany village, Nizhne-Lypsky council of Chastinsky district (former Chernovsky) of Perm Region (now Perm Krai). He was drafted into the Red Army on March 5, 1942. After one month of training he came to the front in April 1942 North-Western. On 10 February 1943 Alexander Pavlovich was wounded. After he was wounded in 1943 he was sent to the field post 73666-R of the military unit. He fought with this unit as part of the Central Front at the bulge Orel-Kursk and was wounded on 19 July 1943. After he was wounded, he fought on the First Ukrainian Front. As part of this front and this part of Kalabin Alexander Pavlovich he fought until victory. He was commander of the motorcycle division of the 5th Guard Motorcycle Battalion with the rank of a guard sergeant. On 3 September 1943 Alexander Kalabin was awarded the Order of the Red Star. He performed the feat. Eliminated enemy communication in the battle of the village of Knyaginino in the Bryansk region. During the battles Kalabin Alexander Pavlovich was wounded three times, but each time he returned to the ranks. The injuries occurred in 1942-1943. As part of the First Ukrainian Front in 1944, Alexander Pavlovich liberated our country, he fought on the bulge of Orel-Kursk. Then they liberated Ukraine - the cities of Kiev, Vinnytsia and Lviv. The guards of the Motorcycle Battalion as part of the First Ukrainian Front reached the borders of our homeland, then liberated East Prussia and Poland. They fought their way to Germany. The First Ukrainian Front, together with the Belarusian Front, liberated Berlin and fought liberation battles for Czechoslovakia and liberated the capital of Czechoslovakia, the city of Prague. Alexander Pavlovich ended the war in Prague on May 9, 1945. After the victory he continued to serve. In July 1945 the motorcycle battalion was moved on its own through Austria to Hungary to the city of Gyor. In October 1945 Kalabin Alexander Pavlovich, wounded three times, was demobilized and returned home,Talapany village. During the war Kalabin Alexander Pavlovich was awarded: the Order of the Red Star, the medal for the liberation of Prague, the medal for the victory over Germany. He has 14 honorary certificates, and in July 1945 he received a letter of thanks from Marshal I.S. Konev, authenticated by a member of the Military Council of the Front Kraynyukov and the Chief of Staff of the Front Petrov.

Rank: Red Army soldier. Unit: 113th rifle division (1st formation). The biography of Alexey Ivanovich Kostyshev is well represented in the research work of his great-grandson, a student of the 4th grade. No, the word "peace" will hardly remain, When there will be no wars, people will know. After all, what used to be called the world Everyone will simply call life. And only children, experts of the past, Playing war fun Having run around, they will remember this word, With whom they died in the old days (V. Berestov). A great date in the history of our country is approaching - the 72nd anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriotic War. The 9th of May is the Victory Day of our country which crushed fascism and liberated not only its own country, but also all of Europe. The Great Patriotic War is the most tragic event of the twentieth century. War is always sadness and tears. It invaded every house, brought trouble: mothers lost their sons, wives their husbands, children were left without fathers. Blood and pain, the bitterness of losses and defeats, the death of relatives, heroic resistance and sad captivity, selfless work in the background. Millions of people experienced the horrors of war, but they survived and won. For us young people living in the 21st century, the Great Patriotic War has long been history. We learn about it from books and films, old photos and memories of those who were lucky enough to live until victory, return home from the front and continue to work in the peaceful post-war period. I wanted to learn more about the wartime, about the people who made an invaluable contribution to the victory over fascism. About the fate of these people, about their life in the pre-war and war years. From my father I learned that my great-grandfather, Alexey Ivanovich Kostyshev, had fought at the front. My father showed me a photo from the family archives, which, together with the photo, contains a few, but priceless documents and letters, which allow you to touch the history of my family in the history of the Great Patriotic War. I believe that by collecting this material I will tell you about my relative who took part in the Great Patriotic War and make a personal contribution to the collection of stories about the war. Many heroes have remained unknown until today, not all of them received well-deserved titles and awards. But we must remember those who, at the risk of their lives, brought the day of victory - 9 May 1945 - closer. My great-grandfather is Alexey Ivanovich Kostyshev. My great-grandfather's name was Alexey Ivanovich Kostyshev. He was born on 20 March 1920 in the village of Znamenka in the Chuvash SSR. In October 1939 he was mobilized to the Red Army of the Armenian SSR in Alinokan, where he served until June 1941. Everyone knows that Germany and its allies invaded the territory of Soviet Union on June 22, 1941. According to the plan of Adolf Hitler the war should end with a victory within 4-5 months. But everything went wrong and from the first days on the German army was confronted with a fierce rebuff. It is not difficult to calculate that Alexey Ivanovich came to the war as a twenty year old boy and went through the whole war: from a simple soldier to a battalion commander. The professional skills of an autogenerator driver and a diesel mechanic were allowed to remain in the background, but the love for the fatherland and relatives played a role. So he came to Iran as a radio operator in June 1941. But "in war, as in war", and in October great-grandfather gets his first wound. The bullet had shot through the bridge of his nose, and two centimeters had sealed his fate, that of my grandfather, my father and mine. After the hospital Alexey Ivanovich gets to the front of South-Western. At that time there was fierce fighting in this direction, because this area was the first to be attacked by the enemy. The fighting took place in terrible and inhuman conditions, with only one rifle per four Soviet Soldiers, in contrast to the well-equipped, experienced and well-fed German army which advanced into the heart of the country. Several times my great-grandfather's life hung by a thread. And in July 1942 he was slightly wounded and taken to a hospital in Ufa. From the hospital, Alexey Ivanovich is sent to the Stalingrad front, to the Volga and the Don, as part of the 57th Army, whose task it was to stop the enemy and prevent him from entering Stalingrad. For the German command, Stalingrad was a strategically important object, and a large number of factories supplying the Soviet Army had to be destroyed. At that moment the famous and terrible order no. 227 "Do not take a step back" comes out. The battle of Stalingrad is the biggest land battle in the history of mankind. After a long struggle, Soviet Army managed to turn the tide and the German troops finally lost the initiative. The battle marked the beginning of the mass expulsion of the fascists from the Soviet country and European territory. At the front in Stalingrad great-grandfather gets a new wound, but but shows good leadership skills. From the party characteristics of Major Kolosov: "Comrade Kostyshev has helped the command greatly to strengthen military discipline and put things in order in the units, to educate the soldiers in the spirit of devotion to the fatherland and hatred of the enemy. In the battles, following the example of Comrade Kostyshev, the Komsomol members showed miracles of courage and heroism ... ". After the military hospital, in November 1942 he joined the ranks of the Motor-Mechanical Corps of the First Guard, the Third Motor Brigade of the Don Front. Slowly and with great losses Soviet Army expelled the Germans. In February 1943 fragments of an exploding grenade are badly wounded Alexei Ivanovich. He carries two fragments inside him all his life, and in 1980 one of them will complete his work. But in September 1943, he is recovered in hospital No. 998 of the Srednevolzhsky district and sent to the 200 Reserve Rifle Regiment of the Third Ukrainian Front. In February 1944 my great-grandfather was appointed battalion commander of the 113. Infantry Division of the 1290. Infantry Regiment From the service profile of Major Kolosov: "In the battles during the breakthrough of the German defense on the Dniester River Comrade Kostyshev , after the command was out of action, took over the command of the platoon and led the combat operation for one day. In the battles on the Danube, Comrade Kostyshev showed an example of courage and heroism and drew fighters with him ... ". After the liberation of the Soviet countries, Red Army continued its liberation operations in Europe. On September 8, troops of the Third Ukrainian Front invaded the territory of Bulgaria and liberated it by the end of the month. From September 28 to October 20, 1944, the Third Ukrainian Front, in cooperation with the Yugoslav People's Front Liberation Army and with the participation of the troops of the Bulgarian National Front, carried out the strategic operation Belgrade, as a result of which the capital of Yugoslavia Belgrade and most of Serbia were liberated. From October 1944 to February 1945 the Third Ukrainian Front took part in the strategic operation in Budapest. Its troops crossed the Danube and captured a bridgehead on its right bank. From the specifications of Major Pitrenev: "... During the extension of the bridgehead on the Danube River near the village of Batin (Hungary) during the attack on Hill 206, Comrade Kostyshev blocked 2 bunkers with a group of Komsomol members. For his courage and bravery in the fight against the German fascist invaders Comrade Kostyshev was awarded by the government with the Order of Red Star, the Order of Patriotic War with the Order of II Grad... In December 1944 - February 1945 the troops of the front supported the neighboring Second Ukrainian Front in the fighting around Budapest (Hungary). Twice the front formations repulsed the enemy offensive in Hungary, later they went on the offensive themselves, liberated a significant part of Austria and participated in the liberation of Vienna. I have never seen my great-grandfather, but for 70 years in our family, from generation to generation, the memory of the Soviet soldier's achievement, courage and heroism has been passed on. I am proud of my great-grandfather! As long as the memory is alive, so is he! It seems to me that the most important thing for our generation is to preserve the memory of those terrible days, of the heroic participants in the war. Those who died and those who now live next to us deserve this memory. The flame of the Eternal Flame trembles in the wind, flowers rustle sadly. Years and decades go by. Those who witnessed those terrible events are passing away. And our duty to their memory is to do everything to preserve on earth what they dreamed of all four long war years and bequeathed to us - MIR, so that fascism remains only a word in the history textbook. How many years have passed since that time, As the ground burned under our feet, Many are no war veterans, But we remember them, they are with us. (A. Dostal). Thanks for winning!!!!

My great-grandfather Kochnev Fyodor Alekseevich, was a native Siberian, was born on 28.09.1923 in Aromaschewo. His parents, Kochnev, Alexey Fyodorovitch, and Kochneva(Saveliev) Varvara, lived in the Omsk region, but moved closer to Tyumen a few years before the First World War. Alexey Fyodorovich was a border guard. During the civil war he supported the Bolsheviks. Alexey Fyodorovich managed to become rich during the time of NEP. On his land he grew all necessary crops, had 5 horses and a stallion pacer. There were cows, bulls, pigs, chickens, geese and sheep. The family, which already had five children, was saved from deculacization by the great-great-grandfather's decision to voluntarily hand over the entire farm to the collective farm. His son - my great-grandfather Fyodor Alekseevich - studied only 3 classes. At the age of 18 he was called to the front. He was sent to the paratroopers, trained in parachuting for three months and soon after that he was sent to Stalingrad. For six months my great-grandfather did 10 combat parachute jumps. Then it became the second number of the mortar. On 27 January 1942 he was badly wounded - a bullet wound in his arm and shrapnel in his leg. During the attack on the Germans, the great-grandfather was almost covered by an explosion, and his comrades went far ahead. My great-grandfather crawled out from under the rubble. He crawled about 3 kilometers and was again under fire from rifles - now "Vlasovtsy". The bitter cold and the great loss of blood left little hope of escape, and his strength failed him. Fyodor Alekseyevich was saved by a miracle: a wagon train with paramedics and a funeral team passed by. One soldier from this team checked everyone before the burial of the dead soldiers: alive or not. He saved my great-grandfather. My great-grandfather froze his toes off and lost a lot of blood. After that he was in hospital for a long time. After the treatment in the hospital he was discharged. Before the end of the war my great-grandfather worked for Victory in the hinterland: he guarded a warehouse in the village of Golyshmanovo, carried fellow citizens who were called to the front in a wagon train from Aromashevo to Golyshmanovo. After the war he went to work in a collective farm, where he worked for 42 years. Awarded with commemorative medals.

Rank: Captain of the Military Department: Artillery. In 1931 he joined the People's Revolutionary Army and was appointed Commander in 1935. Afterwards he studied in Tambow at the Cavalry Army School. After graduating from the school he returned to his hometown Tuva in 1939 and became an officer of the People's Revolutionary Army. In 1942 Kechil-ool studied at the Higher School of Officers in Moscow. After graduating, he commanded a squadron of Tuvan volunteers on the orders of the Little Hural of the Tuvan People's Republic. The Tuvan volunteers went to the front on 1 September 1943. Commander of the 4th Order of the Republic of the Tuva Volunteer Cavalry Squadron of the 31st Guards Cavalry Regiment (8th Guards Cavalry Division, 6th Guards Cavalry Corps, 13th Army, 1st Ukrainian Front) Guard Captain Tulush Kechil-ool in February In 1944, in the battles for the city of Dubno, Rivne region of Ukraine, repelling fierce counterattacks by superior enemy forces, he raised the squadron entrusted to him to attack, threw back the enemy and provided cover for the flank of the 8th Guards Cavalry Division. On February 2nd, 1944, the Captain of the Guard Tulush Kechil -ool, at the head of his squadron, was one of the first to break into the city of Rivne, destroying a large number of enemy soldiers and military equipment. The commander of the 8th Cavalry Division of the Rivnean Guard, Major General D. N. Pavlov, described his heroic deed: "...Examples of the greatest heroism and courage, endurance and bravery are the battle path of the soldiers, non-commissioned officers and officers of the Tuva Squadron, whose commander is the Guard Captain Kechil-ool. In the Battle of the City, exactly on 02.02.44, a squadron of Tuva, despite the strong artillery, mortars, small arms and machine-gun fire of the enemy, stormed on horseback and called "HURRAH!" on the train station and turned in panic flight of the Germans, when suddenly his occupation by our troops to ensure ...". In February 1944, the title Hero was presented to Soviet Union. Guard Captain T. B. Kechil-ool tragically died in June 10, 1945. By a decree of the President of USSR of 5 May 1990 "for the courage and bravery shown during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945", Guard Captain Kechil-ool Tulush Baldanovich was posthumously awarded the title Hero of Soviet Union. Under the command of the commander they liberated towns and villages of Ukraine from the Nazi invaders. For the proven courage in the struggle Kechil-ool Bahdanovich awarded two medals with the red banner. He died on June 10, 1945. One of the streets of Kyzyl is named after Kechil-ool Tulush. The bust of the hero is placed on the square at the obelisk for fallen soldiers, at the entrance to the city park. In 1979, the Council of Ministers of the Tuvan ASSR: "in order to preserve the memory of the commander of the Tuvan volunteers, Captain Kechil-ool Tulush Baldanovich, decided to rename the industrial street of Kyzyl into the street named after Captain Kechil-ool T. B.". In honor of his name, the inhabitants of Kyzyl and the Republic of Tuva hold events every year.

Mikhail Alekseyevich was born on 8 July 1926 in the village of Zevalovo in the Moscow region. Memories of a veteran: In June 1944 I was called up for military service and went to war. In the "boys' camp" we were sent to Vyshnii Volochek for one and a half months. There we were trained in handling machine guns. I was the second shooter of a light machine gun. Very strong were the fights near Riga. At night we heard a strong explosion, and in the morning we arrived in Riga without a fight, but the Germans were no longer there. When they withdrew, they blew up the bridge over the Daugava River. The local people greeted us with flowers, happy, and in some places shells were thrown at us. At that time the fascist Kurland group was operating in the Baltic States. Our task was to encircle and defeat them. This group was then destroyed until the end of the war, but without us. And we were formed, put into waggons, and the train went to Poland as part of the 3rd shock army under the command of V. I. Kuznetsov. After the liberation of Warsaw, our army was forced to cross the Odr River. The war ended a long time ago, and everything remembers itself. After this fight I got an incurable disease for life - psoriasis. The doctors at the hospital I went to after the fight, which was covered with a rash and crust, said: from a severe nervous shock. I received my first prize for the liberation of Riga and the encirclement of the Kurland group. The second medal was awarded for crossing the Oder and taking Berlin. There were also awards: for the liberation of Warsaw, for the capture of Berlin, for the victory over Germany and the Order of the Patriotic War of the First Degree.

Rank: Second Military Lieutenant: Land Forces, Air Force (except Naval Aviation), Coastal Service, NKVD Troops, Border Guard. Hello Contemporaries! I will tell you about my grandfather, who survived this terrible war and was not crippled or disabled. The name of my grandfather is Mikhail Kononov. He was born on the seventh of January nineteen hundred and twenty-four in the Oryol region and grew up in Siberia. His parents were farmers. When the war began, my grandfather was only seventeen years old. After he learned about the beginning of the war, he volunteered for military service and was sent to serve in the Far Eastern fleet. There he was enrolled in the Weapons School, where he was commander of the anti-aircraft artillery. After completing the course of a young man in the Red Navy, he was enrolled in the anti-aircraft artillery. He was transferred to the Northern Fleet. The military squadron of young fighters went from Vladivostok across the country to the front line in the west. My grandfather and a group of young men were sent to the Krasnoyarsk area, the town of Kamyshin. There a ski land brigade was formed, ready to be thrown into the back of the enemy from the northern fleet. The boys, the students of yesterday, went through a very difficult school of life. From Monday morning to Saturday evening classes were held in the harsh climate of Krasnoyarsk region, and they spent the night in the forest on the branches of Christmas trees. In 1942 the soldiers were loaded on the train and sent to the West. In April they were sent to the front, where terrible fighting took place. Grandfather's airborne group walked along the front line for two months, eliminating the breakthroughs of the forward positions. They carried skis on their shoulders, splashed through the mud in felt boots and slept standing up, in the forest or in a ravine. In one of the skirmishes with the Nazis my grandfather was wounded and sent to a field hospital. After three months of treatment, he was sent to another unit in the direction of Kalinin near the town Staraya Russa, where he was wounded again and was treated again for four months. After the hospital he fought at the front of North-Western where he was wounded for the third time. All the time, between wounded and hospitals, he did the same thing, as part of the landing party they moved along the front line, distracting the enemy with maneuvers and calling fire on themselves. After his third wound in late 1943, he was sent from the military hospital to the infantry school of the Military Infantry Command Staff in the town of Kamyshlov in the Sverdlovsk Region. There he completed a two-year training course within one year. In April 1945, after passing the examinations and receiving the epaulets of a lieutenant, he went back to the West. And although this year was also very difficult, the conditions were hard, but there was also a belief that it was necessary for Victory. No sooner had the young commanders been assigned to units, than the message came about the end of the war. It was a great joy for everyone! The head of the school proclaimed the victory and gave all the young officers two days' leave, which they could spend at their own discretion. During these two days there were no accidents, everyone cheered and rejoiced. I asked my grandfather: "What was the hardest part of the war?" He said that the worst began when bombs fell from the sky, and it was the children of the village from yesterday, numbed with insane fear, with the roar, the fire, the smoke, the flying fragments, the groaning of the wounded and the horror of imminent death. "Were there any happy moments?" I kept asking. Grandfather said: "Were there any happy moments? "I lived after the attack - happy, I slept - joyful, I ate a hearty meal - joyful. I realized that the most insignificant things for us today, when there is pain, death and war, make people happy. I realized how much pain my grandfather and all the veterans of this war had carried on their shoulders. Therefore, May 9th will remain their main holiday. My grandfather died on April 14, 2006. I congratulate all surviving front line soldiers on May 9, the day of victory. I congratulate everyone on the Victory of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War!

Rank: Chief of Armed Forces: Land Forces, Air Force (except naval aviation), Coastal Service, NKVD troops, Border Guard. Alexander Ivanovich Ermolaev was born on 28 March 1924 in s. Ognev - Maydan, Ermolayevich, later the family moved to p. of Red Tongues. Alexander Ivanovich 's father was an educated man, worked as chairman of the kolkhoz. Alexander Ivanovich graduated from the primary school in the village Krasnye Yazyki, and the secondary school in Pokrov-Maidan. Every day he walked with other children to the school in the field, both in the cold and in the rain. He did not have to decide, there was no transport at that time. As a child he was a lively, agile, athletic boy, learned well. After finishing school he got, like many children, a job in the collective farm "Krasny Plowman".In 1942 Alexander Ivanovich was brought to the army. It ends up in "sand camps", as the distribution points were called in former times. There he studied military affairs and prepared for the front. The food was bad and the soldiers were malnourished. Those who knew how to hold a saw and an ax were offered to go and cut wood. Alexander Ivanovich agreed. He said that the food was better there and even handed out dry rations. He did not spend much time logging. After training, the 54th Brigade will be sent to the front. Alexander Ivanovich fought on the Leningrad front. The soldiers always went on the attack with the words: "For the fatherland! For the fatherland! For Stalin! Hurray!", Alexander Ivanovich said to his family: "The war is much more terrible than shown in the movies - it is horror, death, blood. Soldiers died not only in battle, but also during a break during lunch, with a spoon in hand." During the war Alexander Ivanovich reached Poland. Many times he went on reconnaissance for the "language". Unfortunately not all of them came back alive, but he was lucky. He was seriously wounded three times: on his arm, leg and chest. The most serious wound was a tangential shrapnel wound in the right half of the chest on September 4, 1943. Alexander Ivanovich has been treated in the evacuation hospital 2747 in the town of Borovichi near Leningrad since September 28. He left the hospital on 6 December 1943 to join the convalescence battalion for 20 days. After that he went back to the front. The wound in his chest was so severe and deep. After he was wounded in the leg, Alexander Ivanovich spent about a month in the DNO hospital. Lyudmila Alexandrovna, the daughter of Alexander Ivanovich, said that after the war her father was very disturbed by his leg wounded in battle. "If there was a chance I would cut it off," Alexander Ivanovich said to his daughter. In 1944 Alexander Ivanovich was sent to the Orel, Order of Lenin Tank School with a red banner. Then again to the front, then again to the war. In 1947 Alexander Ivanovich was released from Poland. The city of Gorky (today Nizhny Novgorod ) was reached by train, and then on the old road to Sergach - on foot. The meeting with family was very touching. His mother and his eight-year-old sister Valya got to know him. They searched the crowd for him and asked other soldiers about him. The war changed him a lot. He left as a young 18-year-old boy and returned as a real man. The mother stood in a circle of soldiers, asked about her son, and he was very close. And here are the words: "Mother! I am here, I am back, mother! They hugged and kissed each other, and Valya threw her arms around her older brother's neck. During the Great Patriotic War, Alexander Ivanovich was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, the Medal "For Bravery", the Medal "For Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941 - 1945" and thus ended the war for Alexander Ermolaev. His daughter, Lyudmila Alexandrovna Ermolaeva (now Chizhova) said: "my father was always honest, fair, loved to defend his civilian position, taught us to bear the pain courageously, as he endured at the front". The story of how he, together with other soldiers, was taken to hospital as a wounded man in dirty, blood-soaked calf carts, touched us emotionally and brought tears to our eyes. In such moments you cannot help but be amazed at the strength of the Russian character, the courage and perseverance of our people, the desire to live and win. After demobilization Alexander Ivanovich got a job in an electric power station in the city of Lyskovo. In this city he met his future wife Tatyana Fyodorovna, who was a student at the pedagogical school of Lyskovo at that time. Married, the couple moved to Siemiany. Alexander Ivanovich got a job in GOSSTRAKH, in Worotynets, attended courses in Kaluga. In 1951 he came to work at the Semyansk School as a teacher of physical education, drawing and drawing. He entered the pedagogical school of Lyskovo for extramural study. He finished his studies in Gorodets, as the school was moved there. Unfortunately Alexander Ivanovich is no longer alive. Fate decreed that he died on May 9, 2004, on the day of the celebration of the 59th anniversary of the Great Victory. His feat will forever remain in our hearts, the hearts of his family and friends.

Rank: Corporal. Eremin Stepan Mikheevich was born on 07.01.1912, was married and had a little son Anatoly, born 1938. He was called up for military service in 1940. And from 1941 to 1945 he defended his homeland with the rank of corporal in the 79th separate machine-gun battalion of the Army 25th. During the time of military operations in the Great Patriotic War he had no injuries. Further detailed information about the places of his battles, where and how he defended his homeland is not known to us. Since there are no eyewitnesses or witnesses to these events. He told his family and friends nothing about the war, only concerned about the fact that he had lost many friends. At the end of the great Patriotic War he was sent to the Far East, where he again took part in the struggles to liberate our homeland from the Japanese invaders. From the records of the award list of 10September 1945, we learned that Eremin S. M. distinguished himself especially in the delivery of food under enemy fire. His line was twice shelled with grenades, but he supplied food to the fighters who led the battle in the formation of the river Tyumen-Ula, carried his horses and kitchens and moved on to keep up with the advancing units. For this he received the government award, the medal "for courage". To our great regret, no other documents about his awards have been preserved. In the peaceful post-war period he worked as a miner in the Yaroslavsky Mine, from which he retired. Died on 21.08.1983 year. A bright red star stands on his humble monument, and a photo shows his kind, caring appearance and fighting honour.

My great-grandfather's name is Evstafiev Vladimir Vladimirovich. He was born on November 14, 1914 in the Saratov region near the city of Balashov. After graduation he joined the History Department of the Teacher Institute in Tambov (now Tambov State University, named after G.R. Derzhavin). After graduating from the Institute in 1939, he was sent to the village of Kolyschley in the Penza region to teach. At the school he worked as a history teacher until the beginning of the war (June 1941). In October 1941 he was drafted into the army after mobilization. He spent two months in the training battalion and was drafted into the active army in November 1941. During the great Patriotic War he took part in combat operations as part of the First Shock Army on the Western, North-Western, Second and Third Baltic and Leningrad fronts. He took part in the Battle of Moscow in 1941, for which he was awarded the medal "for the defense of Moscow". He also took part in the liberation of the Soviet Baltic States. He was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War 2nd degree, the Red Star (twice), medals "for bravery", "for military merit", "for victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945" and other medals. During the war he was never wounded, only a slight concussion. He ended the war in 1945 with the rank of major in the city of Kandau (Latvia). After the end of the war he continued to serve as a career officer and was sent to the military district of Turkestan, first to the city of Mary (Turkmenistan), then to the city of Tashkent (Uzbekistan), where he served until 1964. At the age of 50 he retired at the rank of colonel. He died on 8 May 1990.

Rank: Lieutenant General. Troop type: Land Forces, Air Force (except Naval Aviation), Coastal Service, NKVD troops, Border Guard Mikhail Grigoryevich Efremov - Commander of the Civil War, the Great Patriotic War, Hero of Russian Federation (1996; posthumous), Lieutenant General (1940). He was born on 27 February (11 March) 1897 in the city of Tarusa, Kaluga Province. He was in the Russian Imperial army since September 1915. At first he joined the 55th reservist regiment, but soon seconded to the ensign school in the city of Telavi (Georgia). In spring 1916 he graduated from the Telavi Ensign School and was sent into the active army. In 1920 he completed the higher military studies. From February 1921 he commanded the 33rd separate rifle division, which was stationed in Pyatigorsk and Kislovodsk. In February 1921 the 33rd Division of M. G. Efremov together with a detachment of Ossetian partisans crossed the snow of the Mamison and GEB passes of the Caucasus Mountains and attacked the troops of Georgian Menshevik. Soon a Bolshevik uprising broke out in Georgia and the 33rd Division began patrolling the streets. From July 1921 - head of the infantry courses of the Second Moscow Command, from February 1924 - deputy commander and head of the political department of the 14th Infantry Division. In April 1924 he commanded the 19th Infantry Division in Tambov. By the decree of the Council of People's Commissars of USSR of June 4, 1940 M. G. Efremov was awarded the military rank of Lieutenant General. In January 1941 he was appointed 1st Deputy Inspector General of the Red Army Infantry. At the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, Lieutenant General M. G. Efremov was appointed commander of the 21st Army, which, as part of the Western Front, fought fierce battles in the direction of Mogilev. At the end of July, the army formations chained a significant number of German troops and delayed their advance towards the Dnieper. On August 7, 1941 he was appointed commander of the Middle Front. Until the end of August, the front troops under the leadership of M. G. Efremov held back the enemy's offensive and prevented him from attacking the flank and rear of the front South-Western In September he was appointed deputy commander of the Bryansk Front. From October 1 to 17, 1941, he led the 10th Army. From October 1941 he was commander of the 33rd Army on the Western Front. Defender of Moscow, liberator of Naro-Fominsk, Verey and Borovsk, hundreds of villages and towns in Moscow, Kaluga and Smolensk regions. Surrounded by the enemy in the territory of the. Zhary, Smolensk region, seriously wounded to escape capture, committed suicide on April 19, 1942. The Germans found the body of a brave general and identified him. By order of the enemy command, Jefremov was buried with military honors: The Fuehrer's soldiers showed due respect to a worthy enemy. There is a legend about a German general who was in Slobodka that day and told his soldiers about it: "You must fight for Germany as bravely and courageously as this general fought for his country! There is a suspicion that it was none other than Walter Model himself, the future Field Marshal General, an ambitious and proud military leader. He was buried in the city of Vyazma in the cemetery of Catherine. During the encirclement, Efremov had repeated opportunities to escape in person - a plane was sent for him and he was offered to be taken out by detours, but he remained with his army until the end. On December 31, 1996, Lieutenant General Efremov was awarded the title of "Hero of Russia" by presidential decree.

Rank: colonel. Service rank: Artillery. Division: Artillery: 46th Luzhkov Rifle Division of the Suvorov Order. Professional officer, Colonel. When the war began Vasily Alexandrovich was a cadet of the 3rd Leningrad Artillery School. Leningrad Artillery School. From August 1941 to November 1941 Lieutenant, Deputy Company Commander for Artillery 282 was a separate artillery and machine-gun battalion. The battalion fought in the high altitude area of Duderhof, especially on the Kraehenberg. After the retreat it took up defensive positions on the Pulkovo Heights. From November 1941 to December 1941 it held the rank of first lieutenant, commander of the battery of the 296th Rifle Regiment of the 13th Rifle Division. In December 1941 he was wounded and after his discharge from the hospital he was appointed Commander of the battery of the artillery regiment of the 20th Rifle Division of the NKVD troops. The division was renamed the 92nd Rifle Division. 60th Artillery Regiment. In September 1942 he was sent to the advanced training courses of the command staff. In December he was promoted to the rank of Captain and transferred to the 46th Rifle Division, the 393rd Artillery Regiment. From December 1942 to September 1944 Captain, Battery Commander, from September 1944 to March 1945 Chief of Staff of the Division, from March 1945 to October 1945 Division Commander. He was a member of the 46th Luschkaja Rifle Division of the Suvorov Order from the Neva to the island of Ruegen. Leningrad Front, 2nd Belarusian Front. He took part in the fighting on the Karelian isthmus, in the area Nevskaya Dubrovka, in the operation Novgorod - Luga, in the liberation of Estonia, in the offensive operations East Prussian and East Pomeranian

Viktor Ivanovich Eronko Viktor Ivanovich Eronko (1920-1991). Viktor Ivanovich Eeronko was born on 10 May 1920 in Polotsk, Vitebsk region of Belarus. He graduated from the incomplete secondary school and factory school, worked as a locksmith. As an 18-year-old boy he was sentenced by the Troika of the NKVD of the Moscow Region under Article 162 of the Criminal Code to four years for theft. Very quickly he found himself in the Kolyma camp, working as a miner in the gold mines near Susuman. Naturally, he regretted the crime committed in his youth. He was released in June 1942 and three months later he was appointed to the Red Army by the Military Commissariat of the Srednekansky district. Rank: Sergeant Major. Type of service: - ground troops, - air force (except naval aviation), - coast guard, troops of the NKVD, - border guard. Division: 250th Rifle Bobruisk red banner command of the Suvorov Division. 922 Red Banner Order of the Rifle Regiment Alexander Nevsky. Senior Sergeant Viktor Ivanovich Eronko , rifleman of the 45 mm cannon battery. At the end of 1942 he took the fight to the Nazis, was a gunner 922 250 infantry regiment, 3 Infantry Division, army of the 2nd Belarusian Front. In the early morning of 22 June 1944 there was dead silence over the front positions of the German troops in Belarus. It seemed that nothing unusual was to be expected on this day when suddenly everything came to life: a powerful barrage of artillery and air force fire fell on the enemy defense, the main forces of the three Soviet fronts went over to attack. Thus began the first day of the fourth year of the war and with it Operation Bagration. It also included the 250th rifle division of the 3rd army of Lieutenant General A.V. Gorbatov, a former Kolyma prisoner. The next day, when he broke through the defense of the village of Oserany, Sergeant Viktor Yeronko suppressed the fire of seven enemy machine gun spikes from his 45 mm gun, courageously crossed the Drut River. On 25 June 1944 he shot down two self-propelled guns and took part in the liberation of the town of Bobruisk. Five days later he fought with his anti-tank gun in the village Staraya Martinovka, at the highway Mogilev-Minsk, against superior enemy forces, hit three tanks with well-aimed shots and destroyed six vehicles with a large number of enemy infantry. On July 12, 1944, during the battle near the village of Peski (Mostovskiy district, Grodno region), after the death of the entire gun crew, V.I. Eronko continued firing at the enemy, destroying one assault gun, three machine guns and a company of soldiers. Three and a half months later, on October 26, Sergeant W. I. Eronko was awarded the title of Hero of Soviet Union. He then liberated Poland, fought in East Prussia, and took part in the battles for Berlin. His military awards are a testimony of bravery and courage: the Order of the Red Banner, the Order of the 1st Degree Patriotic War, the Order of the 3rd Degree of Glory, Medals for the Liberation of Warsaw, For the capture of Koenigsberg, For the capture of Berlin. After the end of the war Viktor Ivanovich returned to his home town Polotsk, restored destroyed buildings, industrial buildings and then built a new town - Novopolotsk. Peaceful work was crowned with a new award - the Order of October Revolution, he was also awarded the title "Deserved Rationalizer of the Belarusian SSR". Aronica was elected an honorary citizen of Polotsk and Novopolotsk. David Reisman , a journalist. EXCERPTS from the AWARD LIST for the TITLE " HERO of the SOVIET UNION: Comrade Eronko, which reflects the counterattacks of large enemy forces near the village of Sherstin, Gomel Region, knocked down four German tanks from 45 mm guns. After the enemy had wedged itself into our defenses, it bypassed the cannon from three sides, taking out the entire crew except Eronko. Left alone, Eronko fought back to the last grenade, destroying up to 50 Germans and not leaving the firing position. During the breakthrough of the enemy defense near the village of Oserane, Rogachevsky district, Gomel region, on June 24, 1944, comrade Jeronko destroyed 7 enemy machine-gun positions with direct fire, which ensured the advance of the rifle company without a single loss. In a night battle on 25 June 1944, west of the village of Oserane, the enemy counter-attacked four times with the support of self-propelled guns. In this battle, Comrade Eronko knocked out 2 self-propelled guns and destroyed 31 enemy soldiers. In the battles for the capture of the highway Mogilev-Minsk on 30.06.1944, near the village Staro-Martyanovka in the Chervensky district of the Mogilev region, the regiment cut off the enemy's escape route; the enemy tried to break out of the ring, for which they threw a large force of infantry and tanks. Eronko took out 3 tanks and 6 vehicles with infantry in this battle with direct fire. In the battle when crossing the river Shchara on 10.7.1944 the enemy tried to stop our infantry with machine gun fire, comrade Eronko destroyed 3 German machine guns with their calculation. North-East by m. Sands from the Baranowitschi area on 12.07.1944 comrade Eronko with his calculation steadfastly repulsed the counter attacks of the enemy, who tried to delay the advance of our units to an important railway point. During the battle the whole crew was incapacitated and left alone, Yeronko continued to destroy the advancing Germans from his gun, fired at close range at a distance of 80-100 m, destroyed 3 machine gun spikes, a self-propelled rifle, scattered and destroyed sometimes up to 100 enemy soldiers, this above all he contributed to the destruction of the enemy and to the recapture of an advantageous line.

My grandfather Semyon Yelchaninov was a participant in the Great Patriotic War. Everyone in our family remembers him and loves him. Every year on 9 May we talk about it. He was born in a large farming family in February 1922. Little Semyon spent his childhood in the village of Meteor, Ponamarevsky District. In 1941 he went to the town of Chkalov, many kilometers from home, to go to a pedagogical technical school, but he had no time. In 1941, when the beginning of the Great Patriotic War was announced, Semyon Nikolaevich Yelchaninov was called up for military service and sent to the Saratov School for Junior Commanders. After his graduation he was sent to Ukraine in the rank of a second lieutenant colonel in a rifle company. On the website of the Ministry of Defense of Russian Federation in the section "People's Fate" I found many documents about my grandfather, some of them describing what he received this or that award for. Here is an entry in one of the documents: "Comrade S. N. Yeltschaninov proved to be a fearless officer in the fights with the German fascist invaders. Lieutenant Yelchaninov covered the crossing with a train, destroyed two enemy machine guns, secured the crossing of units, transported machine guns across the river and secured them on the opposite bank, fended off two enemy counterattacks. Personally, he fended off a counterattack with a machine gun, destroying at least fifteen enemy soldiers and officers and ensuring the maintenance of the western line. During this battle he was seriously wounded in the arm." And here is another entry from the personnel file: "Lieutenant Yelchaninov showed himself competent, bold, demanding of himself and a subordinate commander. Received a series of commendations from the commander, commendations from the commander of the army. In the battle near the village of Maidan he personally destroyed up to fifteen German soldiers with a Goryunov machine gun, which helped to hold the line of conquest. Through his personal example of bravery, he inspired the soldiers to fight and thus ensured the advance of the "rifle units". My grandfather received the rank of captain of a motorized rifle company near the town of Koenigsberg and was awarded the medal "for the conquest of Koenigsberg". He ended the war in Berlin, for which he received the medal "for the conquest of Berlin"."Many of his awards were given to children, as he did not attach great value to them and did not consider them special, but as my grandmother told me, my grandfather has sixteen state awards, including five medals. Each medal has its own story of fighting and defeating the enemy. Here is the medal "For Military Merits", "Order of the Red Star, Order of the Red Banner", "Banner of the Order of the Degree III ", Medal "For Courage", "Order of the Degree of the Patriotic War I", Medals "For the Liberation of Smolensk", "For the capture of Warsaw", "For the Liberation of Brest", "For the capture of Berlin", "For the capture of Koenigsberg". There are also medals for peacetime: "30 years of victory", "40 years of victory", "Veteran of Labor". Semyon Yelchaninov returned to his homeland after the end of the Great Patriotic War. The road to victory was not easy and difficult. Our state got it at a high price. Do not forget the victims that the country and Orenburg Residents suffered during the Great Patriotic War. Your memory will live forever in our hearts. The people celebrated the victory over Nazi Germany. My grandfather also celebrated the victory. We, the younger generation, cherish the memory of these terrible events.

Service rank: Land Forces, Air Force (except naval aviation), Coastal Service, NKVD troops, Border Guard Unit: 250th rifle Bobruisk red banner command of the Suvorov Division Kanatnikov Fyodor Filippovich was born and raised in the village of Leontevo, Oryol district, Oryol region. He was called up by the Oryol RVC of Oryol region after the liberation of Oryol in August 1943 and joined the ranks of 918 SP 250 SD. At the age of 21 he went to war. Military rank at the end of the Vona guard corporal, machine-gunner. He was wounded four times. From the preserved documents there are testimonies of two injuries. One of the injuries Kanatnikov F. F. received when 250 SD fought in the 63rd Army for the liberation of the Belarusian country. The division wounded on 27.10.1943 fought hard north of Gomel for access to the Dnieper (Dnepropetrovsk Front Offensive). The wound was a gunshot wound through the knee joint. After giving himself first aid, he entered EG /2836 on 29.10.1943. Another wound was a shrapnel which he received during the fighting on Polish soil during the extension of the bridgehead on the West Bank of the Narew River in August 1944 (Narew Bridgehead). It was treated on EVG (reference of the military unit field post 20308). During the fighting Kanatnikow F. F. went via Warsaw, East Prussia to Koenigsberg. Received the medal "For the victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945" (the medal is lost, identity preserved) and the medal "Twenty years of victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945" After the war they returned to their homeland. He worked as a tractor driver in a collective farm. He died on 30 July 1972 in the village Stanovoy Kolodez as a result of an accident.

Kitaev Abdurakhman Fetyakhovich (Andrey Fedorovich) was born on 23 June 1921 in the village of Tatar Yunki, Krasnoslobodskij ujezd, Penza Province (now Torbejewskij District of the Republic of Mordovia). The family had six brothers who were raised by their father, as their mother died early. In 1938 Kitaev moved to Uzbekistan, to the city of Kokand. In 1940 Andrei was called up for military service in the Red Army. He went to serve in the 240th Rifle Regiment, which was stationed in the city of Kuibyshev. In the autumn of the same year he was transferred to the city of Ulyanovsk to the repair workshops of the field aviation. On June 22, 1941 the regiment, in which Corporal Kitaev served, was in summer camps when the meeting was reported. That was how Andrei learned that the war had begun. His military unit was urgently transferred to the town of Melekes, where the 336th Division was formed. Kitaev was assigned to the 909th Artillery Regiment of the 336th Division of the 1st Ukrainian Front. The enemy approached Moscow with a tremendous onslaught. We fought for every piece of land, for the capital of our country. Military position of the fighter Kitaev Artillery Reconnaissance Detachment. His job is not to let the enemy planes guess the true location of our units, to misinform the enemy by false fire. He received the first wound, then hospital treatment. Wounded again in the fighting for Ukraine, in the liberation of Lvov. The third time he was wounded in Poland in 1944. With this wound, Andrei passed through four hospitals and met with victory there. He was released in June 1945. After his release he was sent to the 350 Division Training Battalion to train cadets in military matters. For services to the Motherland Andrey Kitaev, medals "for bravery" "for military merit" and other awards. Andrew was discharged with the rank of sergeant and returned to civilian life in 1946. He arrived on Sakhalin Island in 1949. He worked on the railway. He lived in the village of Leonidovo in the Poronai district of the Sakhalin region. In 1945 he was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War II in honor of the 40th anniversary of the Victory in World War Two. He died on January 24, 2016.