Faces of war

I often hear from my mother about my great-grandfather, I know that he and his brothers and sisters were at war. This year, the Great Victory celebrates its 75th anniversary. I decided to take part in the national historical depository "Faces of Victory", to leave my mark in history and to capture the names of my great-grandfathers. I came to my mother and asked her to tell me what she knows. My mother took out old, yellowish newspaper clippings from the closet, which she had been carefully keeping for many years. She showed me two articles with photos of my great-grandfather Vladimir and his brother Victor, where they recall those terrible years of life in the war. I plunged into reading. The first article was about my great-grandfather Kondrashov Vladimir Ivanovich with the headline: MY VICTORY I SAW ONLY in 1952 "At the front, I got into the division of the people's militia. Our units were formed quickly, trained in some respects, and it is terrible to remember about uniforms and weapons in general. Most of the echelons were bombed even before the front line, - recalls Vladimir Ivanovich Kondrashov. - We fought for two months at Yelia, and then got into the famous Vyazmenskiy melting pot. Encirclings, captivity and a camp for prisoners of war. My number -128736 - I will say it, even if you wake me up at night, this is impossible to forget. No one was called there by their surname, let alone their first name. But everybody's chest and back were marked with big letters SU (Soviet Union) and wooden pads. Of course, captivity is captivity, and I don't even want to talk about what I have gone through. But back in the Homeland, as it turned out later, they were not waiting for us with pies. In April 1945 the Americans freed us, and I was sent to Russia together with other similar prisoners of war, but not home, of course, and again to a concentration camp, only now "native", Soviet. It was a terrible shock, they just couldn't believe that there were similar camps on our soil. That we, the Soviet soldiers, and those who fought, who shed blood for the victory, are not considered at home as people, despised, called traitors and enemies of the people. In 1946, I was sentenced to 6 years of special settlements, without a court hearing. I served mine in Komi, then in the Far East, after a while moved to the Krasnoyarsk region. Finally, in 1952 the day came when I was told: "That’s it, Kondrashov, you are free". Only then I welcomed my Victory. I settled here in Omsk Oblast, got married, had children, worked, and was recently rehabilitated. Now it's really frustrating when you come to some officials, they say: "What benefits are you talking about? You are not a concentration camp prisoner, but a prisoner of war, aren’t you?” I really would like to ask: "Do you know what it is?!” The second article, about my great-grandfather Kondrashov's brother Victor Ivanovich: He was wounded twice, but he remembers the war calmly. Yes, time has dulled the pain, dashing, bitterness of loss. But the memory ... is like a nerve that is naked, piercing and trembling. The heart shrunk and everything went dark when Maria, with trembling hands, opened the agenda. Somewhere in the Smolensk direction her son Vladimir is at war with the enemy and her daughter Lisa is pulling out of the battlefield the wounded. And in the military hospital, older daughter Lyuba is saving the lives of our soldiers. She is a surgeon. And now it is the youngest turn to go to war - Victor. She looked at her sleeping son and wiped away a tear: "What kind of a warrior is he? He is just a boy". ...Maria will not stand, will cry later, when among the crowd of people Victor clumsily weaves in her shoulder. She will cry, silently, clinging to his disobedient head. "Well, with God, son," she whispers goodbye. "Come back with victory, son!" - his father will exhale and give him a strong, manly hug. It was a gloomy autumn of '42. "SIS, HELP..." First, the training camp in three kilometers from the defense line. Then the 3rd Ukrainian Front, then until the end of the war - the 2nd Ukrainian, 65th Army, 413th Division, where he, a soldier Kondrashov, was a divisional scout. The battles near Voronezh exposed and mixed the bitterness of retreat, and the pain of loss of dead soldiers, and an unconscious feeling of joy from the returned spans of the native land. In one of such battles a sanitary-instructor Klava was seriously injured. Somewhere in the same way, pressing into the frozen ground from whistling bullets above her head and exhausted from powerlessness, his sister Lisa is dragging a wounded souldier. Somewhere... And where? Clava was bandaging a soldier. The shell rumbled, and the girl pressed against the wounded, covering him with herself. She remained lying like this. She heard a groaning voice: "Sis, help me...". And Clava, having gathered her last strength, crawled to the neighboring funnel. She bandaged everyone. And... lost consciousness. She was brought to the hospital with a multi-shrapnel wound. So in 1943 the war ended for her, leaving a notch in her memory - a permanent disability. The brave, pretty girl was loved in the regiment. Someone secretly sighed for her, others, including sergeant Kondrashov, remained her good friends. And the frontline friendship, as we know, is not forgotten. WAS BORN IN A SHIRT. In January 44, in the battles for the Ukrainian village of Kamenka, Victor was wounded. At the very moment when the shell boomed somewhere quite close, Viktor, having the rule "not to bump into a pile", bounced away. The hand seemed to have been hit hard with a stick. And seven guys stayed lying on the snow... They buried them, made crosses, gave a volley... That's the whole memorial service. After a short pause in the hospital, Victor caught up with his unit and continued the front road as a branch commander. In breaks between fights he buried his friends and wrote letters home. The long awaited triangles did not always reach the place. And it happened so that there was no news from his native village for several months. And here, at war, as in war. Work. And sometimes a terrible fear in traitorous goosebumps crawls on his back. Especially when death is staring at you at point-blank range. But in the moment of operation, the fear disappears, and you get in the mode for feats. Desperate sorties "for the tongue" caused excitement in the fighter Kondrashov. Small and spirited, he slipped away from the ambush. And he believed that he was born in a shirt. HE GOT THE "TONGUE" AND EXPLODED ON A MINE. But - irony of fate. Again his unfortunate January 1945, is waiting for him. He almost died that year. There were fights for Warsaw. At night, the scouts, having captured the "tongue", were returning back. They passed the fence and went to the field. They knew that the road was demined. Suddenly, the night was lit up by a blast. And when the smoke cleared, the soldiers saw a half-covered figure of a friend on the edge of the fresh funnel. Viktor exploded on a mine. Afraid of the chase, they dragged him into the funnel, promising to take him away. Victor began to wait for dawn. With the first sun rays, he heard the tank roar. He swung his hands. The commander of the car shouted on the move: - Be patient, brother, now they will come for you. - You, comrade captain, will not go straight ahead – it’s all mined, - warned "brother”. - Good! - The tank, having swung a barrel, turned to the right. Viktor did not know that the funeral notice was already on its way to his village to the house of Kondrashovs... Soon an American car arrived and took the wounded sergeant to the hospital. When they found out that their friend had returned "from heaven", they hurried: “- Come on, write a letter to home!”. And the leg was sewn, sculpted, repaired so that our brave soldier reached Berlin. And in 1946 he returned home. Only he didn’t stay long in his native land. He longed for “the fog”. And Victor swung to the North, in Komi ASSR. Four years later he came to Siberia at the invitation of his friend. The guy liked the places - picturesque. And people are friendly. ...Five children were raised by Viktor Ivanovich and Nina Afanasyevna. He worked at a collective farm. In the works and care did not notice how the children grew up. Everyone has his own families and already grown up grandchildren. There is a great-grandson. Young people of big and difficult family are proud of their grandfather. AFTERWORD. One day Victor Ivanovich heard a familiar name in the Moscow program "In your letters". War veteran, health worker Clava was being congratulated on her birthday. He did not hear her last name. But when he heard “the 2nd Belorussian Front, the 65th Army”, his heart skipped a beat. She! And the division was the same, and the battalion number was the same. He did not believe his ears. The letter also said that her front wounds were giving her a hard time. And Viktor Ivanovich came to the editorial office with a request to help him find his fellow militiaman. That's how we got acquainted with him. We made a request to Krasnodar Veterans Council. We are waiting for an answer. These are two interesting articles that I read about my great-grandfathers. In our peacetime, it is terrible to imagine what it was for them then, during the war, in hunger and cold, losing relatives and friends. I am very proud of my ancestors! By May 9, 2017, in Efremovsky district of Tula region, in the village where my great-grandfathers came from, a memorial monument to the participants of the Great Patriotic War was opened, among which are the names of my great-grandfather Kondrashov V.I. and his relatives. And in 2018, the flight by S7, Moscow-Omsk was named after my great-grandfather Kondrashov Vladimir Ivanovich. Thank you, my family for giving us peace and happiness on this earth!

Andrey Matveyevich Kovalev (29.12.1916-28.07.2002), Guards Captain, Commander of tank battalion of the 55th gv tank brigade (7th gv tank corps, 3rd gv tank army, 1st Ukrainian front). Participated in the battles in Ukraine. Hero of the Soviet Union, awarded the Order of Lenin, Alexander Nevsky, First Class Patriotic War, Red Star, medals.

Zelenko Ivan Grigorievich was born on April 7, 1913 in Ukraine in the village of Rozumovka, Kirovograd region. He graduated from the Odessa Artillery and Technical School. From 1939 to 1940, Ivan Grigorievich participated in the Finnish-Soviet war. From the first day of the Great Patriotic War Ivan Grigorievich served as a captain at Murmansk in the Valley of Glory (Valley of Death). It was here, in 1941, that the rapid offensive of German troops, which were ordered to capture Murmansk, was stopped. Ivan Grigorievich was an artillery technician, commander of the department for repair of small arms and artillery equipment company technical support 181 Tank Znamensky regiment. Together with his colleagues, he carried out the repairs of tank and artillery equipment. As soon as something was out of order, the soldiers took their tool bags and headed for a tank or artillery installation that had been hit. The soldiers had to come under enemy fire to get to the place. More than once Ivan Grigorievich went back without his comrades. For four long years Ivan Grigorievich was being saved by his fate. According to official data of military archives during the confrontation on the banks of the Western Litsi more than 2000 people were killed. Ivan finished the war on the 4th Ukrainian front fighting in the South of Ukraine. He got married after the war and had a large family of six children. One of them was my grandfather. Ivan Grigorievich died on July 10, 1990.

Zaitsev Alexey Alekseevich, was born on June 22, 1925, in the v. Vyselki, Spassky district, Ryazan region. He studied at Fedotevskaya school of Spassky district. When the war began, his father and older brother were taken to the front. Alexey remained the head of the family, although at that time he was only 16 years old. He had to take care of his mother and three younger sisters. In January 1943, Alexey, who was 17 at that time, was summoned to the army. After a short training camp, on January 12, all residents of the village of Vyselki and the nearest villages, mostly consisting of women and children, accompanied 30 people together with Alexei, who were to go to the preliminary exercises in Kazan. Alexey was enrolled in the 46th regiment of the 39th Brigade, which was located 20 km from Kazan. After the training, Alexei was promoted to the rank of "junior sergeant" in the Kazan training regiment - a gunner for the Maxim machine gun. Immediately after the training, in the summer of the same year, already trained young soldiers were put in freight cars, and sent to the front near the city of Kursk. At that time there were fierce battles, everything burned and smoked. The 4th Guards Tank Corps (now the Kantemirovskaya Division) had to be replenished. Alexei was enlisted in the 3rd Motorized Rifle Brigade with the 3rd Battalion in the machine-gun company, first as a gunner and then as the chief of staff. With that unit, he took his combat route from Kursk to Czechoslovakia. On the way were the following cities: Kiev, Zhitomir, Lyubar, Rivne, Zbarazh, Ternopil, Lviv, Rzeszow, Krosno, Yaslo, Krakow, as well as the Carpathian Mountains. Already behind the Battle of Kursk, Kyiv was liberated, but it was still far from victory. Immediately after Kiev, fierce battles unfolded, and Alexei was awarded the 'Guardsman Mark' for his participation in them. It was his first 'battle baptism of fire'. "We entered the front breakthrough, our tanks rushed forward. Our task was to expand the breakthrough of the front as much as possible. I remember such a case. We were marching at night and by morning we had to make a halt. And at dawn our column was unexpectedly attacked by 10 German tanks with automatic rifles. They were moving to the flank of our column, and we could not immediately understand whose they were. The tanks turned around and opened fire. We took up the defense. Some of them managed to cut into our positions. Both grenades and Molotov cocktails went into action.” Alexey lost many of his fellow countrymen and comrades in these battles to liberate the cities of Zhitomir and Lyubar. Among them was his cousin Vasily Zaitsev. Alexey himself received his first, but slight wound here and was treated in the medical battalion without leaving his unit. Leaving fresh grave hills, ruins of cities, the war went further west. The blood of Soviet soldiers was spilled for every village and city street. "I will never forget the battles for the liberation of Zbarazh and Ternopil. Winter came. Frosts. Soaked roads. One day we marched 80 km and by the end of the day went to the road. It was foggy and already dawning, nothing could be seen. We could hardly see the silhouette of the car, but we cpuldn’t determine whose silhouette it was due to poor visibility. We let it get closer - the German one. The car was on its way to Zbarazh. We opened fire. A German officer and driver were taken prisoners. As it turned out later, it was an important German officer. Then, we entered Zbarazh itself, which was occupied by Germans. The front was behind us, and we were not expected in the city. It was evening, and the German soldiers were watching a movie. Panic began, shooting. By morning, we had already reached the western outskirts of the city. The way to Ternopil was opened.” Street battles for the liberation of Ternopil took more than a month. In this combat operation, Alexey was wounded, and the rest of the crew died along with commander Sadov. Among the dead were Alexey's countrymen and fellow villagers: Nikolai Mironov, Valery Kochetygov, Fyodor Prokhorov. Alexei was awarded the medal "For bravery" and the title of sergeant - commander of the machine gun crew. After the battles, the military units needed to be replenished with military equipment, weapons and personnel. Meanwhile, the enemy did not give up, and the war went on, to the west. Ahead were the battles for the cities of Zolochev and Lviv. The Soviet tanks began moving further towards Lviv, and then towards the Polish border. After recovery, Alexei returned to his unit. Moving to the west, were released such cities as Krakow, Rzeszow, Krosno, Yaslo, Romanuv. The hardest battles were in the city, fights at night and it was especially hard to fight in the mountains. "Our tanks were moving along the channels of mountain rivers and gorges. For each handful of land in the Carpathians Soviet soldiers shed their blood, attacking a single hill for several days. Here, near Romanuv, I was wounded for the third time. This is where the war ended for me. After recovery Alexey was sent to Kharkov tank school in Chardzhou, Turkmen SSR. Here he welcomed the Victory Day.

The Great Patriotic War is the most tragic page in the history of our state and the whole world. It left the deepest trace in the life of every family, and victory came at too great a price. This national tragedy has not bypassed our family. We are proud that our grandfather, Zlufarov Umer Kubedinovich, was a soldier of this war and forged the Great Victory. Grandfather was born in the village of Kuchuk Ozenbash Bakhchisarai district in a peasant family. He graduated from high school and then entered the Chair trade school in Koreiz village. From 1932 to 1939, Umer Kubedinovich was a student at the Crimean Agricultural Institute named after Kalinin and received a specialty in winemaking and viticulture. In 1939 he got married. At first, after graduating from the Institute, he worked as a winemaker in Sudak District, and in 1940 he was transferred to the post of chief winemaker at Yalta winery of Crimea. Fate promised bright future, prospects were seen, plans were made... But the war started. On July 16, 1941, Umer Kubedinovich was mobilized to the southern front. He began the war as the chief of the construction detachment, because by that time he had completed army service and knew the military business. The task of the detachment was to erect defensive lines on the outskirts of the city of Krasnodar. Here, he was also awarded a diploma of the 9th Directorate of Non-Profit Organizations. From 1942 to 1943, he studied at the Blagoveshchensk Machine-gun School in Bashkir SSR. After graduation, he commanded a tank company of the 36th Tank Brigade of the 4th Stalingrad Guard. The tank landing force was breaking through into the enemy zone, distracting the enemy, while the main forces were developing the offensive. In my grandfather's memory, like potographs, came up horrible moments: "Once, the path ran through a vast meadow covered with corpses, and as the tanks passed, parts of human bodies hit the body of the combat vehicle.” Party members were obliged to command penal companies for 3 months, but due to the absence of a replacement for the guard, Lieutenant Zlufarov Umer Kubedinovich had to manage 208 separate army penal companies for almost half a year in 1944. The commander was required to have special stamina and the ability to influence the subordinates with his authority. Umer Kubedinovich coped with the command of the company and had special respect, both among his subordinates and those of the superior command. With the battles of the Guards, the lieutenant passed through Ukraine, Bulgaria, Romania, Hungary and Austria, was wounded 4 times (certificate № 6229, № 609, № 1371, № 28), has 16 awards, including the Order of "Patriotic War I and II degrees", the Order of Courage, 8 medals, 3 thanks and 1 diploma from the Krasnodar Regional Council. He was demobilized from Vienna in 1945, and he was told: 'Comrade Lieutenant, if you want to live in Crimea, you need to change your passport'. At that time, the family was already deported from Crimea; he found relatives in one of the villages of Namanganskaya Oblast, Uzbek SSR. On the basis of medical report, he managed to transfer the family to Frunze town, Kyrgyz SSR, where he continued working as head of chemical and technological laboratory at fruit and vegetable station. Then he was appointed chief winemaker and chief champagne maker of the Kyrgyz Champagne Plant. He was awarded the sign "Excellent worker of food industry of the USSR" and the sign "Excellent worker of state farm of Kyrgyz SSR". In 1958 he was awarded the big silver medal of VDNKh of the USSR. At the tasting of European countries champagne plant received a large gold medal of Europe for Kyrgyz dry champagne. Umer Kubedinovich did not allowe even his nephew into the bottling shop, as he worked as a driver, and the smell of gasoline could affect the quality of wine. In 1962 he moved to the city of Yangiyul, Tashkent region, Uzbek SSR, where he worked as a shift supervisor at the hydrolysis plant. Pre-war colleagues and rector of Crimean Agricultural Institute named after Kalinin repeatedly advised Umer Kubedinovich to move to Crimea. On September 5, 1967, USSR Supreme Soviet's Presidium's Decree 'On citizens of Tatar nationality living in Crimea' was issued, and certain part of Crimean Tatars believed and decided to use this decree. Having often sold their houses for a fraction of the price, they began to return to Crimea. Lieutenant Umer Kubedinovich Zlufarov, the pre-war winemaker at Yalta Guards' Winery, was among the first. In 1968, the Zlufarovs' family bought a resettled house in Simferopol, but couldn't get a residence permit for over 6 months. From one instance they were sent to the next, and then everything was repeated in a circle. Four times Umer Kubedinovich was at a reception with N.V. Bagrov, who after a short conversation assured: "Go, I'll call - they will give you a residence permit". Each time the passport office answered: "Nobody called us". The last conversation with N.V. Bagrov took place in a slightly higher tone and ended with the following phrase: "If you want to live in the Crimea, speak a tone lower. Go ahead, I will call". And this time the answer in the passport office was the same. Then, Umer Kubedinovich began to put hope only in patience of his wife: 'Fatime Mamutovna, I can no longer vouch for myself, now you try to finish the job. The policeman regularly visited the Zlyufarovs' family under various pretexts, and only Fatime Mamutovna's hospitality and tact prevented the policeman from doing what they did to others who lived without a residence permit. And such people in the town were mostly officers, pre-war officials, such as pilot A. I. Reshidov, Hero of the Soviet Union, Captain O. N. Memetov, representative of the Crimean ASSR People's Commissariat of Land Resources, who after long attempts, having undergone a humiliating procedure, got registered. Fatime Mamutovna for another 4 months beat the doorsteps of the passport table, listening to various bureaucratic tricks. Only stamina and patience helped her to get registered. The registration allowed her to look for a job and to get rid of intrigues of local authorities. In addition to Umer Kubedinovich, 4 war veterans lived in this alley of the city and every year they were congratulated on Victory Day, and the lieutenant's guards was ignored, but despite this, he hung the Red Flag over his house every year. Opposite the Zlyufarovs' yard was the house of the family of another war veteran - pilot navigator Rikman M., who, together with Amet-khan Sultan, graduated from the Kachinsk Flying School and went through the entire war. Friendly relations of these two families have been maintained by their children and grandchildren from the first days of their return to the present day. After receiving registration (not without the help of his pre-war colleagues), Umer Kubedinovich got a job at the head winery № 1 in the city of Simferopol and was appointed head of the souvenir shop, where the highest sorts of cognac were poured into small containers. Having worked at this factory for more than 10 years as a good worker and specialist, he was honored to receive a well-deserved retirement.

He was born on February 23, 1910 in Ozerki village of Zhernovsky district (now Petrovsky district) of Saratov region. In 1921 he graduated from the 2nd grade of elementary school in the village of Ozerki. In 1941, when the war began, Alexei Ivanovich was 31, he had a wife and three children. He was called up for mobilization by Zhernovsky Military Committee on 27.06.1941 and was appointed a shooter in 218 rifle regiment (6th Army). There were fierce battles in Ukraine and the regiment was surrounded, while Alexey Ivanovich was taken prisoner. One night, when they were walking in a column controlled by convoy, Alexei and another soldier rolled into a ravine under a bridge. So they managed to escape from captivity. They moved at night, the Germans were evrywhere. Finally, they reached a village. Asked for help of one of the residents. He worked for the Germans. So he was again in captivity. Soon, at night, he ran again. He and his comrades managed to overcome barbed wire barriers. They threw overcoats over the barbed wire and rolled over it. Then he partisaned in the forests of Smolensk region (Yelansky district). They lived in non-slip bogs. Bridges were being blown up, German units were being destroyed, and echelons with military equipment and enemy manpower were being undermined. In July 1942, crews of the partisan detachment named after "27th anniversary of October" joined the army. Alexei Ivanovich got into 634 rifle regiment, with which he participated in the battles at Stalingrad. In September 1943 he was wounded and treated (669 field hospital). In November, he was sent to the 2nd Guards Motorized Regiment (rifleman). In June 1944 he was wounded again, contusion (Evachospital 4641). Then in August 1944 - again on the front line in 226th Vitebsk Red Banner Rifle Regiment, 63rd division. In October 1944 Alexey Ivanovich was wounded for the third time, seriously - the bullet hit his mouth and went out through the neck. In his unconscious state, he was found by a Polish woman. She took care of him. Then till March he was being treated in 53488 evacuation hospital. By the way, Alexey Ivanovich was considered missing on 28.09.1944, which is mentioned in the Memory Book of Saratov region, volume 5. After his recovery, Alexey Ivanovich went to serve in 265 rifle regiment. (3rd Belorussian Front.) Participated in the battles for the liberation of Prussia. He was awarded a commendation by the commander of the unit for excellent combat operations (order of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of March 29, 1945). And then the storming of Berlin and Victory! Krasnikov Alexei Ivanovich was awarded medals "For the capture of Berlin", "For the victory over Germany", the Order of Patriotic War 2nd degree, jubilee medals. After demobilization on December 12, 1945. Alexey Ivanovich returned to his native village. He worked at a collective farm. Together with his wife Alexandra Vasilyevna, he raised six children.

Title: Junior military technician Clan of troops: Technical troops (XV, ZHDV, AV, RTV, DV, topographic). May 2, 1937 he was called up for military service in the ranks of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army and was sent to the Far East in the 13th Construction Separate Battalion, which was located on the Red River, in the district of Khabarovsk. After six months in the construction battalion, he was appointed acting company technician. He was demobilized in 1939. On September 3, 1939 he entered the Temnikovsky State Teacher Institute. In July 1941, he was sent to short-term command courses. In early December 1941, with the rank of junior mechanic-lieutenant, together with V. Krigin, P. Maksimkin, P. Laptev, V. Lambin, I. Kucher and five other graduates of the course, he was seconded to military base No. 35 to carry out combat missions to provide ammunition. The first task was to deliver transport with ammunition to Moscow, to the Elektrostal area. The next three military years, until December 1944, he was engaged in the delivery of artillery shells to a variety of front hot spots: near Tikhvin, Velikiye Luki, Rzhev, Stary Oskol, Belgorod, Sumy, Eagle, Kharkov, Toropets. During the Battle of Oryol-Kursk, he was near Kursk and in the city itself; twice visited besieged Leningrad, etc. More than once he was under intense shelling and bombing, but was never wounded (only once, on the Volkhov Front, he was shell-shocked). In December 1944, by order of the CSS GAU of the Soviet Army, he was transferred to the post of technician of the department of the central military base No. 35, which at that time was in the city of Torzhok, Kalinis Region, and a few months later he was appointed head of the Material and Technical Department of the same base. He welcomed Victory Day in Torzhok. In July 1947 he was transferred to the reserve. He was sent to work at school to the village in Dachny Tengushevsky district of Mordovia. In November 1963, by decision of the Temnikovsky District Party Committee, he was recommended for the post of director of the Temnikovsky Agricultural College, which he headed. In November 1975 he retired.

The Great Patriotic War did not bypass any family in our country. It remained in our memory. I remember in my childhood, on the eve of the fortieth anniversary of World War II, my mother told me a story about her older sister. This story made a huge impression on me then. And not so long ago, I stumbled upon clippings from newspapers that my mother had carefully kept for many years. They described the fate of the last days of my aunt - my mother's sister Zoya Petrovna Korotkova. She was born in the village of Ershovka, Sarapulsky district. She graduated from elementary school, on weekends she began to earn money on a collective farm. Strong, bold, desperate, she shepherded collective farm horses, carried hay on carts. In 1941, she went to work in Sarapul at the creamery. When the war began, Zoe was 16 years old. She often went to the military enlistment office, asked to be sent to the front. The girl's request was granted only in October 1942, and she immediately went to the front line. Her parents, Peter Alexandrovich and Tatyana Mikhailovna, learned about this only from a letter sent from the road. Then a few more short letters... Then the notice of Zoya's death... In the late 1960s, the Korotkov spouses visited the Dnipropetrovsk region, where their daughter was buried. At the fraternal cemetery in the center of the village of Kitaygorodki, Dnipropetrovsk region, at the foot of the bronze figure of a grieving woman, there are bronze plates with the names of those who gave their lives for the liberation of the village from the Nazis. There are more than three hundred of them. The thirteenth on the first plate is the name of fearless Zoya. She was posthumously awarded the medal "For Courage." Zoya's portrait is hanging in the museum of local school.

Rank: Staff sergeant. Type of military forces: Ground forces, the Air Force (except sea aircraft), coast guard, troops of People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs, frontier troops. Division: the 33rd shooting Belarusian Holmsko-Berlinsky Decorated with the Order of the Red Banner division of the Order of Suvorov. Stepan Stepanovich Kozub, born in 1916, 4 grades of education, was a miner-coalminer. He was recruited in ranks of the Red Army from the city of Stepnyaka, Enbeksheldersky district on December 05, 1939, sending the 106th team, sent to the 409th shooting regiment of the city of Saransk. The 409th shooting regiment as a part of the 137th rifle division was created under the Decree of Presidium of the Supreme Council of the USSR of August 9, 1939. Places of formation — the city of Cheboksary, then the city of Saransk. At the beginning of October, 1939 the parts of the division started planned fighting study. On February 23, 1940 the staff of the division took Oath of allegiance to the Homeland. In the period of an appeal and till 21.07.1941 it is possible to tell about his service, from information which is kindly provided by the Memorial museum Saransk that "during fights with White Finns a part of fighters and commanders were directed to the Karelian Isthmus" and the father was among them. One of commanders (unfortunately, I can't find this article) of the Red Army during fights with Finns kept a diary where he noted such a fact that a newly arrived replenishment from ordinary and younger officers, after unloading in a row, without discrimination, of people of 10-15 went into the order of one of commanders, received a rifle and 30 cartridges then such groups (crews) went to front lines at once. Therefore most likely, it is almost impossible to precisely learn what crew he got into at the time of the Finnish company. The most part of his service he served in 164 Shooting regiment 33 of Rifle division 2 of the Baltic front where he arrived after distribution on 21.07.1941 from information from SPP (transit point) of the Northwest front, in the corporal's rank, military specialty - the shooter. As a part of the 164th shooting regiment 33 of Rifle division 2 of the Baltic front he did his military service from July, 1941 to April, 1944, up till being wounded. The retreat of the crew took place on the northeast, up to September 17-27, 1941 164 joint ventures as a part of 33 SD stopped the opponent at villages Sukhaya Vetosh (Novgorod region) and village Kamenik (nowadays the uts of Orsha). This place is between St. Petersburg (Leningrad) and Moscow, near the cities of Bologoye and Vyshny Volochyok, and the Lake Seliger. Since December, 1941 164 began insignificant approach. On January 01, 1942 by order of the People's commissar Stalin 33 SD became a part of 3 Shock Army. The number of a division was of 10228 people. On January 13, 1942 164 SP as a part of 33 SD continued approach to the west freeing the village behind the village. Advance of parts of the Red Army was complicated by deep snow, the impassable wood and lack of roads, in connection with that, rear services didn't manage to be relocated and in due time to deliver ammunition and other supplies. On January 13 164SP came to the highway 1 km. to the west of the village of Kirilkovo (Novgorod Region) and found out that Germans at hasty retreat burned 60% of the village, having driven local community to certain houses. On January 18, 1942 33 SD received the order at 23:00 on the task to seize the town of Holm in the Region of Holm (Toropetsko-Holmsky offensive operation from 09.01 to 29.01.1942). As a part of a division there were 9924 people. Since January 19 the opponent, trying to stop approach of 33 SD, made bombing of military units from planes by groups of 15-20 planes. However it didn't help, and parts of the Red Army completely surrounded Holm group of the opponent on January 22, 1942. In ten days of fights the division with variable success seized the outskirts of the city, however having suffered considerable losses, in three SP as of January 31 there were 842 people, it stopped the approach for replenishment of staff. Since February 10, 1942 33 SD was a part of Holmsky group of troops which was ordered by the major general of artillery Strelbitsky. On February 13 33 SD received the order again to begin approach for the town of Holm. At 11:00 after a small art.preparation and destruction of a number of weapon emplacements of the opponent the division took the offensive and, overcoming the persistent resistance of the enemy who during occupation turned houses into weapon emplacements (PILLBOXES), day after day, building after building, house after house, block after block moved ahead to the downtown. Quite often in street fights for certain houses, trenches, PILLBOXES the fights passed into hand-to-hand fights when it was necessary to use hand-grenades and a bayonet to kick out the opponent out of the taken objects. The extract from the magazine of battles of 33 SD for 10.04.1942 - "Holmsky garrison of the opponent desperately defends Holm, showing strong fire resistance an art. and mortar fire, the aircraft continues to bomb our fighting orders of the division. 164 SP and 79 LB, executing the battle-order of division No. 032 from 9.4.42 at 8:30 10.4 with six tanks took the offensive on seizing the north - east parts of Holm. Resolute approach of infantry, courageous action of tankmen and strong art. mortar fire pulled out from the opponent's hands strong defense of north - east parts of the city and also put to flight brutal gang of fascists on eastern bank of the Lovat River in norht - east part of the city of the opponent furious fire resistance. To 13.30,164 SP seized 8,7,12 squares. The opponent incurred a large number of the killed and wounded, having left in the battlefield a lot of weapon and ammunition". At 6 hours 00 min. on May 1, 1942 33 SD went to approach with the purpose to take control of east coast of the Lovat River and the town of Holm. Within May 1-4, 1942 164 SP conducted heavy fighting in east part of the town of Holm around Church under an art. firings and under air raids of the German bombers. In the night of May 5, 1942 164 SP handed over positions 73 SP and was relocated to the Region of Bobyakhino, with the purpose to replace 953 SP. In the afternoon, command of 164 SP, having conducted reconnaissance (investigation) of location of 953 SP, and by the end of day with fight made replacement of 953 SP, having subordinated 59 LB. These days the Germans broke through a ring of encircling and restored the communication with their group which was in the town of Holm. Due to the break of the encircling that lasted 105 days from 21.01.1942 to 05.05.1942, A. Hitler approved an award to the serviceman of Wehrmacht defending in the toen of Holm – a shoulder flash "Holm". At the end of March, 1943 33 SD was on former lines of defense. Experience of offensive operations of 1942-1943, showed that Germans, as a rule, on the way of retreat turn all cities and villages into strong knots of resistance. One of such strongly strengthened knots of resistance was also the town of Holm which the opponent strengthened for more than a year. Command of a division, making use of this experience, made decisions on creation of assault groups of 60-70 fighters which included shooters, submachine gunners, machine gunners, sappers, operators, gunners, tankmen, chemists, for the purpose of studying defensive knots of the opponent, each on his site, approach to it and destruction of the strengthened point. As ZhBD for March 30, 1943 testifies. "The fighters-chemists entering into assault groups have special training on application of smokescreen during storm of the city. Training of assault groups is held only with use of smokescreens". During the period since April, 1943 33 SD training of staff in offensive operation was provided, considering fighting experience in other armies. Feat and award: An extract from ZhBD "on August 01, 1943 the commander of a division decided to conduct on the site of defense of 73 SP and 164 SP reconnaissance for the purpose of studying the direction of approach of a division to the west and the southwest. On the site of 164SP during 01.08 and the first half of day 02.08 false reconnaissances in the direction of Medovo-Holm were conducted. Along with 20-00 at the front of Les-otm. 73.8 the smokescreens were placed. The opponent on the area where the smokescreens were placed fired from artillery and a heavy machine gun from the plane "F.V.-189". Reading ZhBD you understand that almost every day intelligence agents carried out sorties on the territory occupied by Germans to learn about the location of the opponent, its arms and quantity, including capture of the "tongue" well, etc. It so happened that intelligence agents didn't bring necessary data therefore command of a division made the decision to conduct reconnaissance (investigation) of the location of the opponent, its artilleries, etc. with establishment of a "false" smokescreen. Why "false"? Because the opponent thinks what behind the smoke screen occurs, well, let us assume, wrapping of military units for the rapid attack. Therefore in that place where nothing occurred, the Germans bombed decently by artillery, having spent ammunition, having lifted in air the plane "Foke Vulf 189", having spent its ammunition, and command of our division, perhaps, received necessary data. The smokescreen described above was established by the commander office of chemical protection by the staff sergeant Kozub Stepan Stepanovich. "For the fact that he on 1.08.1943 perfectly performed fighting task of command, at the front 2 km near to the south of village Medovo, for the purpose to cover of a bolshak of Holm-Lokn, under strong gun-fire of the opponent, managed to provide placement of a smokescreen. Repeatedly he was involved in fights against the German aggressors, showed courage and bravery. He perfectly carries out protection service , makes thrifty use of storage of chemical property. He has a number of gratitudes, order No. 0226 of 21.11.1943 on the 164th shooting regiment 33 of rifle division of the 2nd Baltic front, on behalf of Presidium of the Supreme Council of USSR, the staff sergeant Kozub Stepan Stepanovich was awarded the medal "For Services in Battle". In the middle of September, 1943 33 SD was in full strength sent to the second echelon of defense, for rest, replenishment of forces, check ups, performance of work in the back and other. On September 30, 1943 the division received the order to make a march to the Region of Baranosovo. 164 SP accommodated in at the villages of Podberezye, Cityno, Remzhino, and held the front at the villages of Vyskotka, Avinovo and Poludino. On October 05, 1943, by order of the commander of a division, division groups were created for prosecution of the opponent in case of his retreat from the strengthened point of the town of Holm on the front of a division. From this point large-scale approaches of 33SD began on the opponent and his replacement with the territory occupied by him. Since January, 1944 33SD began rapid approach exempting from German aggressor one settlement after another and on February 24, 1944 the city of Loknya was taken (The Old Russian and New Rzhev operation on prosecution of the opponent from 18.02 till 04.03.1944). From February 24 to February 26 164SP with fights moved ahead from the town of Lokn – Starie Lipi – Pogost Mikhaylovskoye - Mishkovo - Lug, having overcome barriers of Germans of 45-60 of people in Starie Lipi and Pogost Mikhaylovskoye by 20:00 occupied the settlement Lug where they were fixed for further prosecution of the opponent. In fight for Starie Lipi, overcoming fire barriers of the opponent, one of the best commanders of the Division died the death of the brave– the commander of 164SP lieutenant colonel Kushnirenko (he was posthumously awarded the Order of Kutuzov 3 degree). During these days the crews of the division freed 82 settlements. An extract from ZhBD on 28.02.1944. "For successful break of strongly fortified defense of the opponent around OSIPOVO SELO-ROZHNOVO, for courageous and resolute actions of crews, which resulted in crews inflicted big losses to the opponent, having cut bolshak HOLM-LOKNYA, which forced the opponent to pull back all Holmsky group in the western direction. For that 33 Rifle division received the name HOLMSKOY (order of the National Commissioner of defense of USSR No. 040 of 20.02.1944) for". "From 02 to 29.02.1944. crews of the division with fights marched 112 km., besides made marches of 357 km, freed 177 settlements from the opponent". At the beginning of March the division approached the city of Novorzhev. As a part of 44 CK within several days, as a result of heavy fighting seized the city of Novorzhev (Pskov region). By April, 1944 the approach of 33 RD slowed down a little, sometimes for several days of fights regiments moved ahead only 100-500 m under strong fire of the opponent. During the period from April to May, 1944 164 RD as a part of 33 RD held the defence to the east of the river Piet on the west bank of Velikaya River, it was deployed at the settlement of Pechani (now there is one house), Aluferovo, Utkino, Chashki, with the purpose to clear from aggressors the state farm the Novii Put (nowadays the village of Vasilyevskoye (Vasilyevo)). Unfortunately, in ZhBD there are no sheets from 18 till April 27, 1944. During this period, 23.04.1944 S.S. Kozub was seriously injured. Having got "a numerous nonperforating missile wound of soft tissues of the right and left hip, a tagential wound of soft tissues of the right and left forearm, concerning what he was on treatment in 35 SME (medical battalion) since 23.04.1944, the EDS 62 since 24.04.1944, HPPG 2192 since 24.04.1944. Since 17.06.1944 he was on treatment in EG (evachospital) 3463 station Ust-Kishert, the Perm region", till 14.12.1944 when, by the medical commission, he was considered suitable for service with troops. Then he was sent to Molotovsky transit point to the Address the town of Perm, Komsomolsky Avenue where he arrived on 17.12.1944 and left on 19.12.1944 in military unit 24986 – 44 spare RBU, team 6129 for the subsequent service. After war Stepan Stepanovich Kozub came back home in small mining town of Stepnyak, the Akmola region, the Kazakh SSR. He had a family - the spouse Kozub (Nekts) Elena Ignatyevna, raised five sons - Valery (1947), Boris (1951), Vladimir (1952), Nikolay (1954), Victor (1966). For a long time he worked as the accountant of the mine in the small settlement of Jana-Tube, Enbekshildersky district of the Akmola region. His sister Vasilenko (Kozub) Vera Stepanovna, says "He felt sorry for many people in the mine, especially for women who worked there. They fell short of pay, came to ask him for money a bit earlier, but he couldn't give them the money a bit earlier. They didn't understand that. And he gave them his own, and they returned them later. At a funeral there were many people including these women. They said that he literally saved them from hunger!". Stepan Stepanovich Kozub died on July 22, 1969 at the age of 53. So the soldier's life of 164th shooting regiments 33 Holmska shooting division who was involved in battles for the town of Holm, came to an end. On September 10, 2016 it was 100 years from the date of his birth. But memory about him and about the VICTORY of the SOVIET PEOPLE remains in our hearts. With respect for Victor Stepanovich Kozub.

Branch of forces: Ground Forces, Air Force (except naval aviation), coastal service, NKVD troops, border troops. Unit: 151st Infantry Zhmerin-Budapest Red Banner Division. Kabaloev Gid Nauruzovich, was born on April 17, 1917 in the Russian Empire in the Nalchik district, Terek Region (the village of Stary Lesken, Urvan district, Kabardino - Balkarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic), in the family of a middle peasant (kulak). Father Nauruz Guadzhievich Kabaloev (born in 1986) died in 1918 in a clash with the Red Gangs near Old Lesken. The family was taken away a big share of the property, as a result, the family moved to the village of Ozrek (Leskensky district of the CBD). In 1930 Guide Nauruzovich graduated from the Ozrek elementary school. In 1932 he graduated from the Urvan Agricultural School. In 1934 he entered the Pedagogical Institute in the city of Pyatigorsk. Gid Dzagurov's mother died in 1937. The family suffered a repression, which deprived the entire family of housing property and livelihood. In 1937 he graduated from the Pedagogical Institute. From September 1 to May 30, 1942 he worked as a teacher of mathematics at Dokshukinsky secondary school in the city of Dokshukino. In 1942 on May 30 he was mobilized into the Red Army. He participated in battles in the main Stalingrad direction as part of 177th Separate machine gun and artillery battalion. On August 14, 1942 during the battle with the crew of the 6th Infantry Ota 177 OPAB, in the area of Stanitsa Nizhne-Chirskaya he was captured by the Germans. Since August 14, 1942 he was in a prisoner war camp, soon having arranged an escape, fled with several prisoners. He was detained in the city of Varashilovgrad during a raid, again sent to a prisoner war camp in the city of Pavlograd. After some time he was transported to Romania, where he stayed in the 1st Slobodzievsky (Slobodzia) prisoner war camp till August 14, 1944. From August 14 to September he was in the SPP in the city of Braila. From there he was mobilized into the Soviet Army. In 1944 on August 14, he participated in battles as part of the 59 Guards Rifle Division, 176 GSP, 2 SB as a gunner of easel machine guns. December 26, 1944 to March 7, 1945 he was treated after a severe shrapnel wound to the head in the field hospital No.: 1688 in the city of Szegeda (Romania). In 1945 from March 7 to May 9 he participated in battles as part of the rebuke 151 Zhmerensko - Budapest Red Banner Division of the SD, 581 joint ventures in Hungary and Austria. "In the center of the advancing on Budapest was 151 Red Banner Zhmerinsky Division, to the name of which was later added -" Budapest. " This division "hooked" with its right wing those quarters of the city where the ghetto was located. " On January 18, 1945, together with the fighters of the invincible Soviet Army, he participated in the destruction of the ghetto gates and brought freedom to its prisoners. On April 25, 1945, near the city of Torgau on the Elba River, Guide Nauruzovich, as part of the army of the 1st Ukrainian Front of the USSR Army, met with the troops of the 1st US Army. As a result of the meeting of the Allied troops, the remnants of the German armed forces were split into two parts - northern and southern. After the disbandment of 151 SD on August 14, 1945, he was appointed to the 74SD 78SP as a battalion clerk. He was demobilized from the Soviet Army in November 1945 as a secondary school teacher. In 1946 since January 15, he worked in schools and public education bodies of the North Ossetian Autonomous Union Socialist Republic (now the Republic of North Ossetia - Alania). Guide Nauruzovich passed away in 1998.

Title: Red Army man. Branch of forces: Ground Forces, Air Force (except naval aviation), coastal service, NKVD troops, border troops. Danil Gavrilovich was born on January 6, 1906 in the village of Vorontsovka, Kachir district, Pavlodar region. Member of the Great Patriotic War, private. He was commissioned for health reasons in 1943 or 1944. He came shell-shocked, but did not live long, died of the wounds received during the war in the village of Vorontsovka, did not live to see the day of the victory. After him he left his wife Lukerya (Lusha) and daughter Nadezhda. Mikhail Gavrilovich, born in 1919. Member of the Second World War, lieutenant colonel. After the war went into reserve. He moved to Lviv with his family (Z/Ukraine) and lived there all his life. He died in Lviv in 1983 (not the exact date of death). Before the war, Danil worked as a tractor combiner. Danil Gavrilovich had his family before the war: wife Kunichanskaya Kharitina Klimovna and children: Peter, Nikolai, Anatoly, Nina and Valya. In 1941, Danil went to the front as a Red Army soldier. Danil Gavrilovich went through the war from 1941-1945, participated in the liberation of Berlin. After the war, two more children Valery and Raisa were born in the family of Danil Gavrilovich. After the war, Danil Gavrilovich lived and worked in village Vorontsovka, on the collective farm "Way to Communism" as a chairman of the collective farm, until retirement age. In 1966 (60 years old) he retired and the whole family moved to the village of Ivanovka, Pavlodar region, Kachira district. Until the last day, Danil Gavrilovich lived in the village of Ivanovka, where he was buried on July 9, 1985. Eternal memory to our warriors -liberators!!!

Title: Lieutenant Colonel. Troops: Army, Air Force (except marine aviation), Coast Guard, NKVD, Border Guard. The participation of my great-grandfather, Deomid Ivanovich Kolbasin, in the war with militaristic Japan. From the memories of my great-grandmother, grandmother, the stories of my father, as well as information stored in the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense, I know that my great-grandfather, Kolbasin Deomid Ivanovich, was born on August 9, 1909 in the Dagestan city of Kizlyar, in a family of Terski Cossacks. He began serving in the Red Army in 1929. He became a member of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks in 1931. In 1932, he graduated from the Krasnodar Military Infantry School and went to serve as commander of the rifle platoon, then the crew in 239 Artyomovsk rifle regiment, located in Slavyansk Stalin (now Donetsk) region. In 1936, at the weekend in the Slavic Park of Culture and Leisure, he met my great-grandmother - Maria Vasilyevna Popova, born on August 4, 1915, a native of the village Popovka Krasnolimansky district, Kharkov province, whom he had to marry very quickly, as her, who graduated with honors from the paramedical school, military knitting school, OSOAVIACHIM's excellent student, was going to be sent to serve in the Pacific Fleet. Deomid Ivanovich and Maria Vasilyevna together raised and brought up three daughters: Nela (from the first marriage of the great-grandfather), born in 1933, Galina, born in 1941, and Valentina, born in 1944. According to my great-grandmother's memories, my great-grandfather shot very well with any small arms, but especially with a rifle. He loved gymnastics, dzhigitovka, ski marching. After graduating in 1938 from the accelerated courses of command staff "Shot" in Moscow, Deomid Ivanovich came to serve in the Far East. He served as deputy chief of the 23rd District School of Snipers of the Far Eastern Front, located near Shkotovo station of Primorsky Krai. What kind of officer he was, say the materials of the officer's record - service record of the representation of Kolbasin D.I. to the award for length of service, found by my father and sister in the 11th department of the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense of Russia in 2004: "... Socialist homeland and the cause of the party of Lenin - Stalin is committed. He is politically and morally stable. He enjoys business and political authority. The overall political development is good. He works on himself, and can pass on his knowledge to his subordinates. Studies the experience of the Great Patriotic War and helps the officers. He pays sufficient attention to the methods of training officers. He is personally disciplined, demanding of himself and his subordinates. A bit closed. Energetic, calm and proactive. Military training is good. He knows the kinds of troops, and can organize interaction with them. The situation is assessed correctly, and decisions are made correctly in a training environment. He is able to lead the troops in a training environment. He is a good, accurate officer. Years of service in the Red Army on 7.11.1944 - 15 years 0 days. Worthy of being awarded the Order of the Red Star.” My grandmother, Valentina Deomidovna, told me everything she knew about Deomid Ivanovich's participation in the war with Japan from her mother, my great grandmother Maria Vasilyevna. Unfortunately, Maria Vasilyevna has not been alive for twelve years already... Some information, communicating on the Internet, I received from the older granddaughter of our Warrior - Petruhnenko Svetlana Valentinovna, currently living in Slavyansk, Donetsk region. Unfortunately, this information turned out to be rather scarce and fragmentary. Like all veterans, my grandfather was not very fond of remembering the war... Nevertheless, some episodes of my great-grandfather's combat biography have been preserved in my relatives' memory. Months before the start of battles with Japan were very busy for our fighters and commanders, because the Japanese constantly arranged various provocations. For example, along the border between China and the USSR, they battled their divisions, riding tanks and armored personnel carriers, breaking our barricades and firing cannons and mortars at our positions. However, with the "Do not Return Fire!" order, our troops suffered significant losses without engaging in combat. A separate story should be told about the Chinese bandits - the Hunhuzes, who often included former Russian White Guards, former Semyonovs. They crossed the border at night, looting warehouses, stores and cattle, often killing not only civilians and sentries, but also cutting out entire border outposts and barracks with soldiers. These gangs spared no one, including the elderly, women and children. The families of the officers were mocked in a particularly subtle way... My great-grandfather's duties included, among other things, to fight against these people. My great-grandmother remembered that usually "Hunhuzes" were not taken prisoner, and those captured by our fighters were silent as "fish on ice," and with inadequate control, like animals, bit through their veins with their theeth and died of blood loss. According to the memories of his great-grandmother, Deomid Ivanovich sometimes returned from special operations to destroy the bandits with traces of blood on his uniform. In early 1945, Major Kolbasin D.I. was appointed commander of 214 Amur Order of the Red Star Rifle Regiment 12 Amur Rifle Division named after the Siberian Revolutionary Committee, which was part of the 2nd Far Eastern Front. My great-grandfather spent the whole day on duty, preparing his soldiers and officers for the upcoming battles. On the penultimate page of his notebook were made records in pencil of the number of soldiers, equipment and weapons in his regiment: "Officers - 181, sergeants - 637, privates - 877, a total of 1695, 76 mm - 4, 57 - 6, 45 -12, 82 - 27, 120 - 6, P. Art. - 54, DP - 108, Rifles. - 811, PTR - 18, Radio Station. RB - 5, Radiost. A -7, Agr. зар. - 1, Machinegun. 12, 7 mm - 6. Rid. horses. - 10, Art. - 97, Oboz. - 154, Total - 261. Aut. lightweight. - 1, Cargo. - 26, Scooter. - 11, Cargo. -56, Dvukol. - 10, Cargo One. - – 27. Command. - 4 persons. - horse. 2. Staff - 9 people - horses. 1, scooters - 3. Party. political appar. - 3 persons. Club - 31. Head of services. - – 4. Hoz. part - 9 people. Charging and technical base. I was surprised by the fact that the regiment had no automatic rifles at all. On August 9, 1945, the Soviet offensive against the Japanese troops began. The troops of the 2nd Far Eastern Front, in cooperation with the Amur War Flotilla, forced the Amur and Ussuri Rivers, broke through the long-term Japanese defenses in the Heikhe and Fujin districts, crossed the Maly Hingan mountain range and, together with the troops of the 1st Far Eastern Front, seized Harbin. Headed by my great-grandfather 214 rifle regiment forced the Amur River, participated in the Sungari operation, the destruction of a major Maolantung Japanese resistance node, the liberation of Chinese cities and the defeat of the Kwantung Group. 27.08.1945, Major Kolbasin was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Defense for the fact that "... in battles with the Japanese invaders, being with his 1st battalion in the vanguard of the division, his courage and skillful combat leadership of the regiment was the first to force the Amur River and entered the enemy territory, thundering the Japanese invaders ...". In the stories of the war Deomid Ivanovich often recalled the Japanese suicide bombers - "kamikaze", who, strapped with explosives or grenades, threw themselves under the Soviet tanks and cars, and blew themselves up along with the Red Army, trying to take them as prisoners. Unwilling to be captured, some Japanese, especially officers, made harakiri, i.e. ripped up their bellies with daggers and pierced themselves with sabers. In captivity, the Japanese soldiers behaved with dignity, unconditionally fulfilling the commands of their officers, when they were built in columns to be sent to the rear. The wounded, even seriously, endured pain and practically did not moan. My grandmother and aunt remembered the story of how my great-grandfather, who together with the Ordinarian was riding somewhere on horses along the forest road, a Japanese with a knife in his hand jumped off from a pine tree. How the great-grandfather managed to repel the blow and shoot the attacker, only God knows! The Chinese people, who lived in terrible poverty for the most part, were very happy to meet the Red Army, the savior from Japanese tyranny. The Chinese treated our soldiers with simple food and moonshine. However, later they continued crossing the border, robbing local population and attacking the Red Army. Soon after the end of World War II, Kolbasin D. I. received the title of "lieutenant colonel", almost went to serve on the Diomidov Islands, located near the Bering Strait, but due to health conditions (heartaches began) was appointed military commissar of Nanai district, Khabarovsk Krai. His great-grandfather's family lived in the back of the building of the district military commissariat, located in the center of Troitskoye village, always guarded by watchtowers armed with submachine guns. The building was wooden, very old and had to be overhauled. Immediately behind the ATM, my great-grandmother planted a vegetable garden, in which the whole family, including my great-grandfather, took part. These years my grandmother always remembers as the best in life. Deomid Ivanovich simply adored her, his youngest daughter, and took her everywhere - to the gym, to the shooting range and of course to fishing, which he loved very much. Deomid Ivanovich died in March 1952, from a heart attack suddenly, at night, and was buried in the cemetery of Troitskoe village, Nanai district, Khabarovsk region. After his death, the family moved to Slavyansk, Donetsk region. My great-grandmother never remarried. For his military services Deomid Ivanovich Kolbasin was awarded two Orders of the Red Banner, the Order of the Red Star, medals "For the Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War" 1941-1945", "For the Victory over Japan", "30 years of the Soviet Army and Navy. Personal belongings, photographs, awards and documents of Deomid Ivanovich were carefully kept in the family of the officer, and then were handed over by Maria Vasilyevna Kolbasina to her elder grandson, my father - Konstantin Mikhailovich Strakhov for eternal storage. In 2000, the sacred relics of the Strakhov family were handed over by my father - Konstantin Mikhailovich Strakhov - for temporary storage to the Museum of "Fighting Glory" of the Langepas Center for Sports and Military Patriotic Training of Children and Youth, where they are kept to this day. Among the exhibits presented in the exposition there are: Pad with medals: "For the Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945", "For the Victory over Japan", "30 years of the Soviet Army and Navy". Unfortunately, after his grandfather's death, the orders were handed over to the military committee and sent to Moscow. The pocket silver watch of the Swiss company "Doxa", 1906, with engraving: "To Lieutenant Comrade D.I. Kolbasin for combat training. The USSR People's Commissar of Defense. 1. XI. 1936", which were awarded to my great-grandfather in Moscow for excellent shooting during the exercise by Marshal K.E. Voroshilov personally. Photo of Kolbasin D.I. made in 1939, on the back side of which there is an inscription "DVK, 1909-1939". The notebook in a cardboard cover of green color was purchased by my great-grandfather in Slavyansk and was with him constantly. The book of 100 sheets contains sayings of commanders, political leaders of the USSR and other great people, as well as proverbs. It is filled in almost completely. On the second page of the book there is a painting of the great-grandfather. On the penultimate page - the number of soldiers, equipment and weapons in his regiment. The binoculars of the Japanese company Yamato are in a leather case, which the great-grandfather took as a trophy from a Japanese prisoner officer. Also on display are the cover of the party ticket of a member of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks (b), the mandate of a member of the Nanai district of Khabarovsk Krai, a melchior cigarette case, a pouch with a tobacco bag (stitched together by my great-grandmother) and newspaper fragments, an automatic pencil, a razor, and a razor stone. In addition to these relics, we have at home six photos of our great-grandfather, made in different years and copies of award lists. My grandmother, Valentina Deomidovna Strakhova, who lives in Rostov-on-Don, has more than ten more photos. We have placed all available information about Kolbasin Deomid Ivanovich on the international site "Immortal Regiment". It should be noted that since childhood all his six grandchildren, brought up on the example of the grandfather, served or still serve in the ranks of the Armed Forces of the USSR and Russia, law enforcement agencies and the Customs Service, and three of them - Konstantin, Andrey and Mikhail became officers.

Title: Lieutenant. Troops: Ground Forces, Air Force (except marine aviation), Coast Guard, NKVD, Border Guard. Division: 8th Guards Rifle Division of the Order of Lenin Red Banner of the Order of Suvorov, I.V. Panfilov Division. Kalachev Fyodor Ivanovich, Lieutenant of the Guards. 8 gv.dd. 27.02.1917-4.05.1993. Date of birth 27.02.1917. Place of birth: Gorky region, Voznesensky district, Torzhok village. Place of recruitment: Voznesensky RVC, Gorky region, Voznesensky district Date of entry into the service __.__.1938. Lieutenant Kalachev F.I. of the Guard was married to Praskovya Kondratievna Kalacheva, born in 1922, also a veteran of the Great Patriotic War, had three children: Vladimir (25.08.1946), Vera (1.05.1949), Nina (17.04.1955-28.10.2015). Kalachev Fyodor Ivanovich, Lieutenant of the Guards, in the 7th Infantry Corps of the 8th Guards Infantry Division was a platoon commander of a 76mm battery of a separate Guards anti-tank fighter division. 8th Guards Rifle Division of the Order of Lenin Red Banner of the Order of Suvorov Division named after Major General I.V. Panfilov, Hero of the Soviet Union - formation (unit, rifle division) of the Red Banner of the Soviet Army, now part of the Armed Forces of Kyrgyzstan. It was formed in June-August 1941 as a 316th rifle division of Soviet citizens of Kazakh SSR and Kirghiz SSR. The 8th Guards Rifle Division consisted of the following units: Gunners of the 19th Guards Rifle Regiment. 1943 The 19th Guards Rifle Regiment, 23rd Guards Rifle Regiment, 30th Guards Rifle Regiment, 27th Guards Artillery Regiment, 5th Guards Separate Anti-Tank Fighter Division, 13th Guards Air Defense Artillery Battery (up to 20.5.1943), 19th Guards Mortar Division (up to 20.10). 1942), 15th Guards Reconnaissance Company, 2nd Guards Engineer Battalion, 41st (1st) Guards Independent Communications Battalion, 476th (6th) Health Battalion, 10th Guards Independent Chemical Defense Company, 478th (3rd) Motor Transport Company, 606th (4th) Field Bakery, 564th (7th) Division Veterinary Sickbay, 81043rd (993rd) Field Post Station, 826th Field Cash Office of the State Bank, 8th Guards Rifle Division were part of it: The 52nd Army of the North-Western Front (as the 316th rifle division, August-October 1941), The 16th Army of the Western Front (November-December 1941), the reserve of the WGC Rate (January 1942), 2nd gv. sk, the corps was directly subordinated to the commander of the Kalinin Front (February-June 1942), 2nd gv. ska, 3rd Shock Army of the Kalinin Front (from July 1942 to February 1943), 2nd gv. ska, again directly subordinate to the Kalinin Front (March 1943), 2nd gv. ska, 22nd Army of the Kalinin Front (April 1943), 22nd Army of the North-Western Front (May-October 1943), VGK reserve (November-December 1943), 22nd Army of the 2nd Baltic Front (January 1944), 97th su, 22nd army of the 2nd Baltic Front (February-March 1944), 44th su, 22nd army of the 2nd Baltic Front (April 1944), 7th gv. ska, 10th Guards Army of the 2nd Baltic Front (May 1944-March 1945), 7th Gv. ska, 10th Guards Army of the Leningrad Front (April-May 1945), Famous in the battles near Moscow, stopping the offensive of the advanced German Army Group "Center". (Commander Fyodor von Bock) to Moscow in October and November 1941. Known for its feat of 28 Panfilov heroes from the 4th Rifle Company, 2nd Rifle Battalion, 1075th Rifle Regiment, November 16, 1941 near the Dubosekovo Passage. On November 18, 1941, for its courage and heroism, it was given the honorary title of Guards, and on November 23, 1941, it was given the name of the Division Commander I. V. Panfilov, who died in battle on November 18. August 18, 1941 the division was sent near Novgorod at the disposal of the planned to form the 52nd Reserve Army. By September 8, after forcing the Ust-Volma River, the division had arrived at Kresttsy, where it took up positions in the second tier of the army and equipped the defense strip for almost a month. On October 5, 1941, the Division was submerged into the echelons and moved to Moscow, where it became part of the 5th Army (October 11, 1941) and then of the 16th Army. From October 7 till October 12, 1941 it was unloaded in Volokolamsk. It occupied the defense strip with length of 41 km from Lvovo settlement to the state farm Bolychevo on Volokolamsk direction. In the strip of division developed its offensive 35th Infantry Division, 2nd, 5th and 11th tank divisions of the enemy. The offensive began on October 15, 1941 and the division entered into fierce battles. October 18, 1941 the left flank of the division was bypassed and German troops took Ostashevo. On October 27, 1941 German troops broke through the defense of the neighboring 690th rifle regiment, and 316th rifle division was forced to leave Volokolamsk and take the defense east and southeast of the city at the turn of Maleyevka - Chentsy - Bolshoye Nikolskoye - Teterino. On November 16, 1941, the German troops struck again, in the center of the division's defense and at the junction of the 316th Infantry Division and General Dovator's group, and in the center of the defense the division was fighting near Volokolamsk Highway together with tankers of the 1st Guards Tank Brigade. It was on this day that the events near the Dubosekovo Passage started the legend about 28 Panfilov heroes. During the battles of 16-20 November on the Volokolamsk direction 316th Infantry Division stopped the offensive of two tank and one infantry division of the Wehrmacht. On November 17, 1941 the division was awarded the Order of the Red Banner, and on November 18, 1941 it was transformed into the 8th Guards Rifle Division. On November 23, for the successful actions during these battles, the division was given the honorary name "Panfilovsky". As a result of the battles on November 16-20, the 316th (8th Guards) Rifle Division together with other units and formations of the 16th Army (the cavalry group of the Dovator and the 1st Guards Tank Brigade) delayed the offensive of the 46th Motorized Corps (General of Tank Troops von Fitinghoff), 5th and 11th Tank Division) and 5th Army Corps (General Ruoff, 2nd Tank Division, 35th and 106th Infantry Division)[1]. And after crossing the troops of the 16 th Army over the Istra reservoir and the Istra River, when they were blown up the reservoir, the territory 50 km south of the reservoir were flooded, which also delayed the advance of German troops. Only after three days of fighting on November 26-28 German units managed to bring down the Soviet units from the Istra border[2]. However, the offensive of the 2nd and 11th Tank Division from the city of Klin, bypassing the Istra reservoir through Solnechnogorsk to Moscow was developing rapidly. To eliminate this critical situation, the Soviet command redeployed forces from the temporarily quiet areas. In particular, on November 26, the 8th Guards Rifle Division was also redeployed to the Leningradskoye Highway near the village of Kryukovo (now part of the Zelenograd Administrative District of Moscow)[3]. On November 30, the Red Army launched an attack along the entire defense line of the 16th Army. The sides fought especially hard for the villages of Krukovo and Peshki, in particular, Krukovo passed from hand to hand eight times; the village was turned by the Wehrmacht into a stronghold with tanks and tanks ambushes. On December 7, 1941 Krukovo village was liberated from German troops (5th Tank and 35th Infantry) by the 8th Guards Rifle Division named after I. V. Panfilov and the 1st Guards Tank Brigade[4]. After the battles to defend Moscow, the route of 8 GVD and division under the command of Fyodor Ivanovich lay in the Tver region: Redtsy, Braklovitsy, near Lake Radey, Smolensk region: Lomy, Glazovo, Novgorod region. In January-April 1942, the 8th Guards Rifle Division, together with other units of the RKKA conducted battles with the SS division "Dead Head" and participated in the Demyan operation ("Demyanskiy kotel"). The battles were for Dolgunovo, Chikunovo, Snegiryovo, Maloye Bezbochye, New Village, Kolomenets, Gorokhovka, Hotinets. Then the way of our soldiers went through Ukraine: Zarechnoe, Solnechnoe, Kotelva, Malye Budyshcha, Oposhnya. In 1943 the battles were fought for Landari, Zemlyanka, Kleshchintsy, Pershotravnevoe, Pripyat (Ukraine). In October 1943 our troops liberated cities and villages of Russia: Zholobovo, Gorevitsy, Tokolovo, Podberozye, Kozhukhovo. Then the path of Fyodor Ivanovich and his fellow soldiers was through Byelorussia: Sennoy point, Pechevka, Nasva; Russia: Stepanovshchina, Manokovo, Volchikha, Krasniy Hill, Gnetalovo, Gubkino, Opochka, then again in Byelorussia-Padiki, Kolomyia, Molodiatin, then there were fights for the city of Todiriest in Romania. In May 1944, 8 gv.sd liberated Balandino, Afanoskovo. For the battles of 3.07.- 6.07.1944, Lieutenant Kalachev F.I. was presented to the Order of the Red Star and awarded (Order № 61/n of 18.07.1944). The award list said that thanks to the competent leadership of T. Kalachev, the platoon under his leadership destroyed the enemy's equipment in the offensive battles of the division: 6 machine guns and 1 anti-tank gun. Platoon of Kalachev also defeated 2 enemy DOTs. And, skillfully maneuvering the fire of his guns, always provided significant support to infantry units. Fyodor Ivanovich Kalachev's unit fought in Latvia, liberated Zurzi, Instalsna. By order of the Armed Forces of the 10 Guards Army 2 Baltic Front of 19.07.1944 "for fighting near the village of Mezhevepri, in which the enemy forces of 2 companies, 2 artillery batteries and an armored train attacked the positions of 30 rifle regiment. Lieutenant Kalachev of the Guard put his guns in front of the riflemen and opened sharp, crushing fire. In the battle of 7.08.1944, when forcing the Kul River, Lieutenant Kalachev's platoon, having crossed the river, put the guns to the direct line of sight and opened fire on the enemy. The enemy with the strength of 1 company and support of a self-propelled gun went into counterattack. Platoon repulsed it and, capturing a self-propelled gun, immediately turned it around, opened fire at the Germans. On the battlefield there remained 5 machine guns, 6 automatic rifles, 70 rifles and 40 corpses of soldiers and officers. The bridgehead was fixed. It was worthy of the government award "Krasnoe Znamya" for the battlefield. By order №104/n from 4.09.1944 Kalachev F.I. was awarded the Order "Red Banner". In October 1944 fights were fought for towns and villages: Rocinas, Vitini, Auce, Kokluiza, Evarzi, Kursisi, Dampayi. On October 15, 1944, Lieutenant Kalachev "during the battle in the area of Upitees under the strong artillery fire of the enemy rolled out the guns to the direct line and at point-blank range broke 4 machine-gun points, anti-tank gun and suppressed the fire of the mortar battery. Then, when transporting the guns, in the grove near the village of Kalvas, he noticed a cluster of the enemy and hit with a direct fire. As a result of the strike, he destroyed up to 30 enemy soldiers and officers, which allowed our troops to move forward freely. On October 25, 1944 in the course of the battle in Seglin river he hit a self-propelled gun of Germans and with the return fire did not allow the enemy to take him out of the battlefield. 6.11.1944 near Pumpuris, the battery fire repulsed the enemy counterattack, destroying 3 machine-gun points and an anti-tank gun of the enemy, which ensured the advance of the shooting battalion" For this feat, the command presented the Guards of Lieutenant Kalachev F.I. to the Order of Patriotic War II degree (Order № 115/n of 21.11.1944) and awarded him. Fyodor Ivanovich Kalachev finished his military career on July 7, 1945, liberating Dong (Estonia). As a veteran of the Great Patriotic War, by the 40th anniversary of the Victory, Lieutenant Kalachev was awarded the Order of Patriotic War of the II Degree by the order of the Minister of Defense of the USSR on 6.04.1985. Kalachev F.I. died on May 4, 1993 and was buried in the Golovinka cemetery of Krasnodar region.

Troops: Technical troops (KhV, ZhDV, AV, RTV, DV, topographic). As early as September 1, 1941 Case's mother Aliya and two other employees continued to perform their duties, but personal belongings were already sent to Leningrad, evacuation to Leningrad from Vyborg was in full swing. There had not yet been any bombshells, but the glow from the side of Leningrad could be seen every day. In the morning, nothing had yet foretold the beginning of the battles. At night, a train carrying the wounded was heading towards the city, accompanied by an armored train and at the Repino-Ollilo pass it was fired at fom the forest. The order came to leave the station. And that same night, on foot, they went towards Beloostrov station, and from there to Leningrad. The first bombing their mother experienced happened at night at the Kushelevka station, where they lived in the carriages. Then they were bombed very often. At first, they ran to the bomb shelter, and then they got used to it and started the gramophone so they would not hear the bombs exploding. Then, already on Ladoga, she exchanged her favorite gramophone for bread. At that time, they were focused on defense work: digging barrier trenches and sawing trees to camouflage objects. On October 10, 1941, there was an order to send her to the Ladoga Lake station, where near the station Moriye, the crossing was already functioning. Food was shipped from barges and sent to the station Ladoga Lake, and from there to Leningrad. From Leningrad the equipment of the Kirov plant was evacuated, fuel was brought from a big land. There they also lived in cars, there was a lot of work, echelons went there and here, but when they had a free minute, they gathered together, sang songs to the guitar, sometimes they were shown movies. And then one day, during the movie, the club car caught fire and panic started. Many people managed to jump out, and one woman, who was like a burning torch, ran to her mother, embraced her neck, and her coat caught fire. The woman was dragged away by a military officer who had arrived on time. Mom says that for a long time this woman's eyes were in her memory. The bombing almost did not stop. First, flares were fired, and then bombs were dropped. Mom told how the military saved her life. Another bombing started as they were walking along the road. He pushed her hard into a ditch, and he wanted to take cover on the other side of the road, but before he could, only a funnel was left. As Mom says, it was scary, but they had already got used to it so much that they did not always even run for cover. When she tells us what she had to endure, among other things, the blood gets cold. She met her family only in 1945, when they returned from Latvia, to where they were moved by the Germans.

On April 25, 1943, Miralya Kireevich Kinzhibayev left as a volunteer for combat positions. Upon hisarrival in Kharkov he took part in urgent training of young soldiers to participate in the offensive and the liberation of Chisinau. Miral Kireevich was a sapper. He cleared the Moldovan fields of mines hidden from human eyes and which could destroy all life. He found them and neutralized them, and searched again and again. Not once he and his fellow sappers had to stand face to face with death. Often, the enemy, leaving warehouses with shells, bridges or buildings, mined them, prepared "surprises" ... Therefore, when they went to mine clearance, they were ready for any surprise, Mirali Kinzhibaev recalled. -In the most difficult moments, we were always helped by quick thinking, courage, resourcefulness and concentration. At that time, the state had to be preserved, sometimes for several hours. Of course, there was no misfire. Sometimes, it was easier to walk hundreds of kilometers than these meters...” In late 1943 and early 1944, eighteen-year-old sapper Mirali Kinzhibayev participated in demining of the Dniepergas named after Lenin in Zaporozhye, as well as other important objects. Then Odessa and Nikolaev regions, and mine detectors had to eliminate "traps" of fascists everywhere. Until September 7, all the troubles bypassed the young soldier, although everything could happen in the life of the bomb squad. However, on this day an accident happened... It happened in Chisinau, - from the memoirs of M. Kishinev, - we received a signal that 250 mines were laid at one of the sites. The group took mine detectors, shovels, a car bomb, cords and drove off to the area. Mirali Kireyevich and several other comrades were left on duty. Time seemed to be moving very slowly...The deminers were always eagerly waiting for those who were going to clear the area. It was always harder to wait than to be there...Finally the group returned. "Only 249 mines were defused, the commander said sadly, and they couldn't find the 250th. All our attempts were unsuccessful. Immediately a new group was formed, where Mirali Kireyevich went. Once again, one meter by one, the group walked slowly across the field, observing all precautions. Sweat was in everybody's eyes...It took a lot of effort, which you can hardly find on weekdays... Unexpectedly, the explosion hit the neighborhood.... Mirali Kireevich remembered every detail...how black smoke blew up and shards of shrapnel caught on the slopes...two comrades were killed, and Mirali Kireevich was seriously wounded in his right hand and under his scapula.... For this feat, Miral Kinzhibaev was presented to the high award of the Motherland Order of the Patriotic War. The well-deserved award found its hero 40 years after the end of this terrible war in 1985. For more than three months Miral Kinzhibayev was being treated in the hospital of Chisinau, and only in January 1945 he caught up with his crew already in Romania. Then he took part in the battles for the liberation of Hungary and Austria.