Women at war

CITY: Novgorod region, Zaluchsky district, Lyakhovichi village council, village Gorki Pinaevy DATE OF BIRTH: 12.12.1924 DATE OF DEATH: - HISTORY: Title: Junior military technician Type of troops: Technical troops (Chemical, Railway, Auxiliary, Radio-radar, topographic) Summer 1941 year, after graduating from the first year of the pedagogical school in Leningrad Andreeva (Alekseeva) A.I. , went on vacation to her village Gorki Pinaevy, located in the Zaluchsky district of the Novgorod region. Leaving the train in Staraya Russa, she got bombed. She got to the village, but the Germans soon occupied it. Was in occupation. In the winter of 1941-42, an offensive operation of the Red Army troops began near Moscow. Not everyone knows, but in the Novgorod region our troops also had success and liberated part of the region's districts. The Germans herded able-bodied residents to build ditches in the floodplain of the Lovat River. Anna Ivanovna fled from these forced labor back to the village. Entering it, she saw that German soldiers set fire to houses before their retreat. All residential buildings were burned down. The remaining population moved to the baths, which were not touched. Immediately after entering the village, the soldiers of the Red Army she went to sign up as a volunteer, adding several months to her real age. She ended up in the railway troops. The task of these troops was to restore and lay railway tracks to replace those damaged by the Nazis during their retreat. The importance of these renovations was clear. The success of the offensive operations of our troops directly depended on the serviceability of communications, and, above all, railways. Work was carried out near the front edge, near the front line. Shelling and bombing were the usual backdrop for such work. Moving behind the leading edge, Anna Ivanovna passed through East Prussia, Poland and came to Berlin.

Rank: Junior Sergeant Type of Troops: Ground Forces, Air Force (except naval aviation), coastal service, NKVD troops, border troops Subdivision: 230th Infantry Division (1st formation) To the 70th anniversary of the Great Victory. The girl went through the whole war Photo: communa.ru A letter on the page of the "Commune" in social networks prompted the newspaper journalist to search for the data of a front-line grandmother. This letter came to the site of "Commune". “My name is Nadezhda Mikhailova. My grandfather died near Voronezh in 1942. He was a fire spotter. My grandmother was never able to find his grave. His name was Petr Aleksandrovich Mikhailov. A native of the Borovichi district of the Novgorod region. Maybe you can help me "? Tamara Gashimova “scattered” the letter on social networks - and thought: what do I know about my grandmother? Where did you fight, where did you meet the Victory? Medals and a guards badge, and those for childhood-stupidity lost. This photo shows Tatiana Israilova, a twenty-three-year-old girl with a medal "For Courage". August 1945. Czechoslovakia. How many times, looking at the picture, remembering the rare and laconic stories of my grandmother about the war, in essence the answers to my sister's and my questions, I thought: could I leave my parents, study at the institute, my beloved city, and go to the front at the age of 19? To be radio operator. To the front line. In the worst hell - to lay and provide communication on the front line. To know that at any moment I can die, be captured or go missing. And still leave. I do not know. Granny lived in the center of Tbilisi. Her parents managed to get rid of the prefix "Ter" to their family name in time and painlessly merged into a new, Soviet life. She, the only daughter, was cared for and cherished. Rejoiced when she entered medical. The doctor is the most feminine profession. Always in a clean office, in a white coat. And for the family, the benefit is great. I am nine or ten years old. Grandma comes into the room. I kiss her and feel the subtle smell of cigarettes. Having heard enough at school that smoking is poison, I preach and categorically declare: - Quit smoking, or I will no longer love you! Grandmother in response strokes my head and says that this will not happen again. In the evening, my mother said that my grandmother had learned to smoke during the war. When, retreating or, conversely, advancing, part of them broke away from the rear, then the field kitchen had to wait for two or three days. First, they stretched the crackers, and then turned out the duffel bag in search of bread crumbs ... In August 1941, she was sent to the 10th separate linear reserve communications regiment for a three-month course for radio operators. In November 19-year-old Tatyana Israilova went to the front. Until December 1942, judging by the entry in the military card, she was a radio operator in the 966 rifle regiment. No division number, no army or front name. According to my mother, I knew that my grandmother was twice wounded and shell-shocked. But where and under what circumstances did this happen? A few weeks ago on the website "People's feat" I found a sheet about her awarding the medal "For Courage" in the city of Gyor, dated July 31, 1945. It says: “To reward the radio operator of the control company of junior sergeant Israilova Tatyana Georgievna. Being in battles on the Southwestern Front on January 20, 1942, at night, under heavy enemy fire, she conducted a communication line, restored the broken line within two hours, which made it possible to present an urgent report. On 08/25/1942, under heavy enemy fire, when leaving the encirclement, she timely submitted the order of the commander to the battalion headquarters. Lightly wounded on 20 January 1942, severely shell-shocked on 25 August 1942. The military ID only contained the numbers of the regiments and the hospital. In the award - only the front. Two days of searching on various sites to restore the combat path. I didn't want to drink, eat, or sleep. If only to find. Found it. Introduced. It became scary. I read: “On January 18, 1942, Soviet troops made the first attempt to liberate Kharkov. The shock group of the Southwestern Front broke the stubborn resistance of the enemy in the areas of Balakliya and Slavyansk. " On January 20th, a nineteen-year-old girl with a huge, heavy coil makes a connection. Then he rebuilds it after the bombing. Night. Bullets. Explosions. Earth from under your feet. The first wound ... Where exactly? Now you don't know. Again I throw requests into the search engine. Again I scan dozens of Internet pages with my eyes. Outside the window is night. Suddenly, a line flashes - "966th Infantry Regiment". The same one, grandmother! I open it and see: “On August 23, 1942, the 26th division fought in Dneprodzerzhinsk together with the 966 regiment of the 230th rifle division. On August 24, they emerged from the encirclement and crossed to the left bank of the Dnieper. At half past one in the night of August 25, Soviet troops left Dnepropetrovsk under the onslaught of the enemy, ferrying people and equipment to the left bank of the Dnieper. " It was on that night that Tatyana Israilova, delivering the report, was severely shell-shocked. After the hospital, she was granted leave in Tbilisi. This is evidenced by a miraculously preserved copy of the certificate of the Tbilisi Garrison Polyclinic dated September 5, 1942. It contains a record: service in connection is contraindicated.But my grandmother returned to her regiment and served in it until December 1942. Before his second shell shock ... A film about the war is on the TV screen. My sister and I watch without stopping. And the grandmother says: there were no soldiers in the trenches in new, ironed gymnastics and boots polished to a shine. And there were no songs. What songs, when there are lice and dirt all around? And the soul-taking whistle of bombs. And the pain of losing her friends, squeezing a girl's heart in an iron vice? The main thing is to complete the task and return alive. Write to mom. Time to whisper a prayer before the fight. Yours. The simplest one. To go home. And if you die, so immediately. No torment, no captivity. How, a prayer ?! - we round our eyes. - There is no God! The teacher told us. - No, no, - soothes us. I learned that she was baptized only after her death. Further on the military card reads: December 1942 - August 1943 - evacuation hospital 3121. Finding it was the easiest. The 375-bed hospital was located at the Gorkoye Lake resort, nine kilometers from the Alakul station of the Shchuchansky district of the Kurgan region. Here she was for eight months. Here I met my twenty-first birthday. In August 1943, Tatiana Israilova was sent to the tenth separate communications regiment. She served in it until December 1944. The regiment was at first part of the 33rd Army of the Western Front, then wandered from one Belorussian front to another. She participated in offensive battles in Belarus, crossed the Dnieper, liberated Mogilev, Bialystok, Minsk. And again - military ID: December 1944-October 1945 - 25th separate mechanized regiment of the 7th Guards Mechanized Corps of the 1st Ukrainian Front - squad leader. And again the search. I will soon find out: with her girls, she participated in the Sandomierz-Silesian, Lower Silesian and Upper Silesian operations, the liberation of the southern regions of Poland, the crossing of the Oder. I was happy with them when in April the corps was awarded the Order of Bohdan Khmelnitsky, II degree. Then there was the Berlin, then the Prague strategic operations. I read and understand: my memory does not fail me. I remember how my grandmother regretted that they were transferred from Berlin to Czechoslovakia. Among the grandmother's documents there is also a copy of the wound certificate issued by the Surgical Field Hospital No. 5164 "Prague" on September 8, 1945. Tatyana Israilova demobilized on October 15, 1945 with medals "For Courage" and "For Victory over Germany." She returned to Tbilisi, got a job as a signalman. She got married and gave birth to four children. Three of them were buried in infancy, only my mother survived. To save her, who miraculously climbed out after lung infiltration, without hesitation, she changed the humid climate of her beloved Georgia to the dry but frosty climate of Yakutia. The husband refused to go. Then she alone, across the country, with a one-year-old daughter in her arms and a Singer sewing machine, went to Magadan. From there - to the cold pole, in Oymyakonye. To the Dalny mine, next to which the first houses of the Artyk settlement were just beginning to be built. ... My sister and I are sitting in the kitchen of my grandmother. Granny offers us scrambled eggs and tomatoes. At first we are mischievous, we wrinkle our noses - we don't want to, although we have never tried this. And then suddenly we agree. Tasty extraordinary! Until now ... Everything and always she did herself. I have never enjoyed anyone's friendship and affection. And I never envied anyone. With my own hands I built a house with all the amenities. A greenhouse to feed my daughter with fresh vegetables. In the short northern summer, the yard was surrounded by the greenery of trees and flowers planted by her hands. Living on one salary, I managed to constantly take my mother to Moscow, Leningrad, Tbilisi, to theaters, art galleries. Collected a large library. She managed to do everything: build, plaster, sew and knit for the entire female half of the family, embroider with satin stitch and a cross, chop coal, chop wood. It didn’t cost her anything to get electricity, glaze the window frames. And in the morning - come to work in an elegant suit, with a beautiful haircut. All her life, until retirement, my grandmother worked as a radio operator, first in Tbilisi, then in Yakutia. The work book and the insert are full of gratitude. ... Once my grandmother found me bursting into tears. Smearing tears on her cheeks, she admitted that, climbing over the fence after the boys, she tore her dress. I sobbed, knowing that I would get a scolding from my mother. At seven years old, it seemed like a real tragedy. Grandma hugged me and said: a torn dress is not grief. Grief is when nothing can be changed. Grief is death. But even here no one should see your tears. Respect the strong; the weak are sorry. I understood the meaning of these words when I became an adult. When I comprehended what I knew about my grandmother from my mother's words. She was ill for a long time. But she passed away suddenly, at the age of 56, as a result of a hypertensive stroke. Two days before that, a parcel with corn flour and sweets arrived from Tbilisi. We ate the goodies right away, my mom was going to bake the corn cakes on the weekend. Did not make it...

Rank: Petty Officer. Type of troops: Aviation. Her combat path began in May 1942 at the station. Bakaritsa of Arkhangelsk within 1.5-2 months. completed the course of a young soldier, then was sent to the Karelian Front as part of the 7th Air Army of the 101st battalion, where part of it built dugouts for flight personnel and airfields and landing sites to guard the Kirov railway. (Murmansk-Vologda), along which military supplies and food were transported. This road was continuously bombed by enemy aircraft, so it had to work under the bombing. After the liberation of the Soviet Arctic, part of it was transferred to the West in the mountains. Kaliningrad (Tver), to Belarus, to East Prussia, and she was demobilized in August 1945 from the city of Konigsberg (Kaliningrad). She was awarded medals "For the victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945", For the liberation of the Soviet Arctic "," For the capture of Konigsberg. "The Veteran of Labor medal, jubilee medals of Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1942-1945 year 20,30,40,50,60,70 years. She has already gone through a lot, this is what she wrote in her memoirs: "Oh, and the girl's lot was hard in the war. I was appointed a foreman. We built airfields and landing sites for planes, cleared of felling, uprooted stumps. We worked for 16-20 hours under bombing. "The food was not important: 650 g of bread, but a talker, whitewashed with flour. Yes, sauerkraut, which we prepared ourselves. That's the whole ration." after the war came to her village: Not a single man. Women plow on themselves and fell wood. "And our mother has 6 daughters." I am the eldest. The only brother Pavlik (Pavel Aleksandrovich Pirogov, born in 1918, died a heroic death on the Sinyavinskiye heights near Leningrad, died on 14/01/1943 in the rank of corporal of the 71st Rifle regiment was a liaison and a member of the Komsomol "). , village of Gontovaya Lipka, east of the road, "- information from the personal list of irrecoverable losses of the commanding staff of the 71st rifle division from January 13-20, 1943. She had to raise all her sisters. And they lived with their great-grandfather for 44 years. grandmother Valya (journalist) and her brother Alexander. He is a retired lieutenant colonel. On May 9, Mom and Dad will carry the portraits of my great-grandfathers in the columns of the Immortal Regiment.

CITY: Mykolaiv region, Voznesenskiy district DATE OF BIRTH: 06/04/1925 DATE OF DEATH: 06/07/2015 HISTORY: She wanted to go to the front. Fighting enemies, saving people, defending the Motherland, feeling the national unity ... When Elena Andreevna Arbuzova was fifteen, representatives of the Revolutionary Tribunal came to her village in the Voznesensky district of the Nikolaev region. True, they called the girls not to fight, but to work in their departmental canteen. In 1941, Elena became a waitress for a military trade organization. She fed the leadership, traveling with the military in cities and villages, but always wanted to go to the front ... The dedication of the seventeen-year-old girl was noticed. They decided to help her. Elena began to learn how to handle a rifle, a machine gun. Then she was sent to work as a turner at a military motor depot, where she took on any job. She worked at the machine, repaired military vehicles. A wish came true: Elena is at the front, her "military profession" is a checkpoint controller in the 110th separate road operational battalion. She is a military traffic controller, checking and directing the guard. “It was scary, of course,” she recalls. “But we are used to the fact that the enemy can attack from any direction. It was only years later that I realized how dangerous my work was.” Elena Andreevna was at the "workplace" when the Romanian dictator Antonescu, Hitler's ally, was brought to Moscow. Once at the checkpoint, she almost died, hit by a huge car: the fragile girl-traffic controller was simply not seen in the road dust. But it was also scary when you stood at night all alone at the post next to the forest and you know that the Germans are very close, and the village is far away ... Elena not only stood at the post, she already knew how to shoot and repair pontoon bridges!

Ignatieva (Semyachkina) Alexandra Petrovna, born 03/10/1923 (24), a native of the Stalingrad region. In 1941, she graduated from 10 classes, without hesitation for a long time, attributing herself an "extra year", volunteered for the front. In April 1942, Alexandra Petrovna, who already had the rank of corporal, was assigned to the 267th separate anti-aircraft artillery division, which fought as part of the 62nd army. Anti-aircraft artillery provided circular coverage of Stalingrad's facilities. The 267th separate anti-aircraft artillery division, together with other units, provided cover for crossings and our artillery groupings on the left bank of the Volga. There were fierce battles, every day, around the clock, young girls performed a feat. 12/22/1942 Alexandra Petrovna Ignatieva was awarded the medal "For the Defense of Stalingrad" by the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. She continued her combat path as part of the 62 army, reorganized into the 8th Guards Army, with which she liberated Ukraine, participated in the crossing of the Vistula (south of Warsaw). From January 14, 1945, army troops took part in the Vistula-Oder strategic operation (January 12 - February 3). After completing the combat mission, she returned to the location of the unit, the enemy followed her, who tried not to reveal himself, but followed her relentlessly. In a hurry, she fell through the thin ice of the river. The Vistula began to sink, the enemy stopped pursuing and left. Breaking the ice with her bare hands, Alexandra Petrovna climbed to the shore, returned to the location, reporting on the completed task. Lance corporal Ignatieva Shura graduated from her military career in 1945, in Germany. She returned to her native land, graduated from the pedagogical institute, began to work as a teacher, and then as a director in her native school. In 1985 she was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, II degree.

CITY: Demerdzhi village, Alushta region of Crimea. DATE OF BIRTH: 06/03/1922 DATE OF DEATH: 02/08/2013 HISTORY: Nurzade Ashirovna was born in 1922 in the village of Demerdzhi, Alushta region of Crimea. In the spring of 1941 she graduated from the Feodosia Medical Assistant-Obstetric College. From the first days of the war she was mobilized into the ranks of the Soviet army. She ended up in the 51st separate mortar division, fought on the Crimean front. After unequal battles with the Germans and the retreat to Sevastopol, a small part of the division remained, which was disbanded. Nurzade was sent to the 25th Chapayev division, the 99th howitzer artillery regiment as a military assistant of the regiment. The defense of Sevastopol lasted eight months. The division headquarters was located on the territory of the Inkerman monastery. During the battles, Nurzade took out the wounded from the battlefield at the frontline, she provided first aid and sent them to the Inkerman hospital located in the adits. Sometimes she accompanied them there herself. There, in anticipation of operations, hundreds of wounded languished. In May 1942, Nurzade herself was wounded and shell-shocked and ended up in the same hospital. Before the impending German offensive along the entire front, the wounded began to be evacuated. On one of the ships she and other wounded were taken to the Caucasus, from there to the Volga and by boat they were brought to the city of Chkalov (now Orenburg) and placed in a hospital. After being cured in the hospital, she was sent to the South-Western Front, took part in the battles at Stalingrad. After the reorganization of the Southwestern Front, she continued to fight as part of the 3rd Ukrainian Front. Nurzade was assigned to the 37th separate battalion of chemical protection, commanded by Major I.N.Lukin, who later became her husband. In 1944, their battalion was reorganized into the 15th, Guards, Order of the Red Star chemical protection battalion. Nurzade, as part of the Soviet troops, participated in the liberation of Ukraine, Moldova, Romania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Hungary and Austria from the fascist invaders. I met the victory in Vienna. She was awarded with government awards: medals "For Courage", "For the Defense of Sevastopol", "For the capture of Budapest", "For the capture of Vienna", "For the victory over Germany" and many other post-war awards. Nurzade Ashirovna lived a long life, brought up two daughters, she has grandchildren and great-grandchildren. She is a labor veteran with more than 50 years of medical experience. The last twenty years of her life, Nurzade Ashirovna lived in Inkerman, where the Committee of Sevastopol Veterans allocated her an apartment.

CITY: Znamenskoye village, Oryol region HISTORY: Maria Efimovna Leonova was born in 1936. Mother worked on the collective farm tirelessly. Everything that was collected from the fields was sent to the front, leaving the very minimum for themselves. In the village of Znamenskoye, where Maria Efimovna lived, there were women and children, all the men were taken to the war. Later, an armless soldier returned from the front, and there were several old men. The children also had a hard time. In the morning they went to school, and after school they ran to help the adults. In winter, the children gathered around the village, mounted their horses and rode into the forest. They sawed, chopped firewood, collected brushwood. Many of them froze their hands and face during this harsh season. The frosts were strong. In the evenings, everyone gathered at home: knitted, sewed, and then they collected everything and sent their relatives to the front. They worked in the fields: they collected hay, straw; sheaves knitted, mothers threshed grain. Children's hands were swollen from overwork and thorny weeds. She recalls: “They took our fathers to the front, from someone they returned home, and someone received a funeral. We kept a cow - we had to give away butter, meat, planted potatoes - and we gave away starch, and we paid off with fresh potatoes, and the chopped noodles and dried ones were taken from us for the front. And spring will come, quinoa and nettles are ripening, and my brother will catch the fish. Flour was given in 5 kg for 10 days, but nothing was spared for the front. As I remember all this, tears run. " After the war she worked as a forester in the Bolotovsky forests. Now he lives 2 kilometers from the village of Novy Sinets in the village of Berezui. Everyone knows her and her name is Baba Masha. She is a local "healer", people come to her from different regions for treatment, that is, even now Maria Efimovna, being in old age, benefits people.

Rank: Red Army. An article from the newspaper "Prizyv" (Tuesday, May 9, 1990, №№57-58 6065) "Bow to you, Zakia-apa". For everyone who was a direct participant in the hostilities of the last world war, it was his own war. Someone fought with the enemy in the air, someone at sea, someone in the mountains or in the rear of the occupiers. Each fought in his own way, but they were united by one goal - to destroy the invaders, to free the Motherland and the whole world from the brown plague. And no matter where you fought back then - in the very heat or in the silence of the general staff - you, a veteran, did one common thing - you saved the Motherland. And an earthly bow to you from grateful descendants ... Zakia Khusainovna Erzina was nineteen years old when in 1942 she and eight other girls from Lyambir were drafted into the active army - to the searchlight regiment. “How scary it was in the first days of the war - we were standing in Saratov then,” Zakia-apa recalled, she even cried with fear when she was bombed for the first time. But then I got used to it. I just couldn't get used to seeing death. ” "Have you often seen the death of your friends?" “The war went on, and mowed down everyone indiscriminately: relatives, loved ones, friends. In Saratov, under the bombardment, I lost my friend - my countrywoman for the first time. We were summoned together from Lyambir, and there she, Kh. Yanglyaeva, was killed by a shrapnel.And so many friends I left on the military roads! " "Did you have to go a lot?" "The path to Victory was not close. I visited Warsaw and other liberated cities." "What military operations did you have to participate in?" "Can you remember everything! But the last one stuck in my memory: the storming of Berlin." "And your searchlight regiment took part in it?" "So even in the film about the capture of Berlin there is such an episode: the night, and only the flashes of shots give a short-term light. And suddenly thousands of powerful searchlights simultaneously began to blind the enemy defense. The Nazis were stunned, and to some extent we facilitated the storming of enemy positions by our troops. ". Zakiya-apa also told a lot about her stay in the war, how terrible it was, but how, overcoming the horror of death, she did her job. And I looked at her and thought: "A small, fragile woman. How could she bear all the horrors of war on her shoulders? Amazing!" After the war, Zakia Khusainovna Erzina worked on the Pobeda collective farm. Now on a well-deserved rest. But this does not mean at all that she has retired from communication with a wide range of people. But would this be possible when the younger generation yearns to know where the grandmother got the order and eleven more awards? A. Beloglazov.

Kireeva (Karmysova) During the Great Patriotic War, Maria Ivanovna worked in the 552 division of the airfield service battalion from June 03, 1944 to May 31, 1945 (order No. 34 of 3.06.44) as a cook. The 552 division of airfield service battalion was part of the active army from 01.06.44 to 08.06.45. She volunteered for the War on June 22, 1943, but it is not known who she worked for. Called up from the Oryol region. Ended the War in Poland in Warsaw. I didn't like to talk about the war, so very little information has been preserved. In 1946, she went to the far East, Primorsky Krai, town Tobago, North Suchan. Worked in the first Department on the labor supply (ORS) of Galactorrhea. In 1947, Maria Ivanovna moved to Artem, Primorsky Krai, where she got married. Maria Ivanovna's first daughter, Svetlana Dmitrievna, was born in Artem. Who worked is not known. Then the family moves to the village of Lipovtsy, Primorsky Krai, where the second daughter, Natalia Dmitrievna, is born. Maria Ivanovna worked as a commandant in the hostel for a long time. In the 70s, they left to develop Sakhalin, because the island was being developed and there were good earnings here. Moved to the city of Poronaysk in Sakhalin region. The first to go to Sakhalin was Maria Ivanovna's husband, Dmitry Antonovich. Then he took his wife and younger daughter, and then the older daughter and her husband. In Poronaisk, Maria Ivanovna first worked as a freight forwarder at the Poronaisk meat processing plant, and then as a foreman at the timber acceptance and release at the Dock-woodworking plant. And in 2000, Maria Ivanovna returned to the village again. Lipovtsy of Primorsky Krai. She passed away on July 20, 2007, and was buried in the cemetery of the village. Lipovtsy, Oktyabrsky district, Primorsky Krai. Recalls Marina Viktorovna Kanyukova, granddaughter, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. "My grandmother was the most ordinary grandmother on the planet. Married, had children, raised. All my life I worked, I was not afraid of work. She also knew about agriculture and construction. She always had answers to questions, seemed to know everything. She sewed very well. And knitting as, a sight to behold. Cobwebs (shawls) were knitted to argue with the sisters who was thinner. Measured the thickness through the wedding ring. She could spin the yarn. In addition to pies, I cooked delicious homemade noodles with chicken!" Bolgova remembers Natalia, the youngest daughter, the city of Poronaysk. "You can talk about your mother endlessly. She loved us very much, took care of us, helped us both in word and deed! My mother loved to sing. The mother's name was put on a memorial plaque, which is installed on the Central square of Poronaysk (Sakhalin region)." Recalls Irina Kanyukova, great-granddaughter, Vladivostok. "My grandmother participated in the Victory parade every year, and she had a special costume for the parade. When I was little, she always took me to the parade and asked me to sing for veterans on the bus). Grandma baked the most delicious pies in the world!!!" Recalls Tatyana Koltsova, granddaughter, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. "My grandmother never complained about life, she accepted everything with gratitude. She found a way out of any life situation. She was optimistic, very cheerful and cheerful."

During the War and until 1946, Lyubov Pavlovna lived in the village of Metrofanovka (Mitrofanovka) in the New Prague district of the Kirovograd region. In the winter of 1943, together with her friend Shura Divichenko, she went to the field for beets. Four kilometers from the village, the girls saw that on the road, along the landing, German signalmen were pulling a coil with red wires, realized that the Germans were stretching the telephone connection, and decided to damage the wire. They cut down several meters of wire with shovels, and then hid in the landing until dark, afraid to return home, because the Germans forbade leaving the village. When the friends came home late at night with a coil of wire, they learned from their relatives that the Germans were looking for partisans in the village, who broke the connection and took 10 men hostage. If the partisans are not handed over, the hostages will be shot and the village will be burned. The uncle with whom Lyuba lived, having found out where the girls got the wire, said that he would give them to the Germans to save the village and the lives of the villagers. Friends cried all night, it was terrible to die at 14 years old. The next morning, my uncle told me that the Germans had caught an old man coming from another village, accused him of destroying communications, and shot him. No one ever found out what really happened. In the summer of 1945 in the village came another uncle, Podgorny, Fedor Ivanovich (the nephew of Podgorny Nikolai Viktorovich, who later became Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR), which told how the guerrillas, taking out their cattle from three villages received a message that they should bomb the Nazis, telephony runs on the airfield. But people crossed into the forest without interference, there was no bombing because someone cut the wires and thus saved people from death. When the uncle found out who had damaged the telephone connection, he suggested that Lyuba go to the military enlistment office and tell about it, but the girl was too shy to go barefoot, and there were no shoes. Shura had left the village by that time, and she doesn't even know how many people and livestock her friends saved from destruction. My mother Lyubov Pavlovna lived a long working life. She built the city of Temirtau on virgin land in the Karaganda region in Kazakhstan. She told us a lot about the war and the heroism of our people. I'm proud of my mom.

Maria Alekseevna Barantaeva (Sulukova), a rear worker. Maria Alekseyevna was born on September 20, 1927 in the village of Kuyum, Shebalinsky district, Gorno-Altay Autonomous region (now Chemalsky district of the Altai Republic). She began her teaching career on October 1, 1944 at the Elikmanar seven-year school as a primary school teacher, where she was invited after finishing the ninth grade of the Oyrot pedagogical school. During the war and post-war years, the young teacher had a hard time when the children did not have notebooks, textbooks, clean paper, but she found a way out. The issued party magazines were drawn for each student for writing and arithmetic lessons. It's hard to imagine now, but many people did it in those years. "Bread was given by cards," recalls Maria Alekseevna. Every day, after leaving the boarding school, we looked at the bakery that was located on the other side of the river. If the smoke is coming from the chimney – there will be bread today, if not-then no. They believed that the lucky one was he who had potatoes in the first dish along with cabbage. The boys often went to the villagers to chop wood to earn a bucket of potatoes. The school and boarding school had stove heating. Every day we were given six pieces of wood for a room. We selected one of them for splinters. They were dried, and in the evenings, when there was no or not enough kerosene, the one on duty burned a splinter, the others at the table did their homework. There wasn't enough wood. So the boys sometimes walked around the village at night and took their hats off the posts of the wooden sidewalks. By spring, we were so weak that we could barely climb up to the second floor. We were going to have another test in the spring: the rabfak had a subsidiary farm where vegetables were grown for the dining room. The site was located behind the village in a small field, not out of the blue. Here everyone was assigned a hundred sq.metres of land, which we had to dig by hand. Employees and teachers were involved in this work.» After the war, Maria worked as a primary school teacher in Verkhny-Anosin primary school, and as a Russian language teacher in the regional national and Maimin secondary schools. Maria Alekseevna says: "I am a happy person, because from the very beginning I was surrounded by teachers from God. They taught me to truly love this profession, to see the future of every child..." Maria Alexeevna is an Honored Teacher of the school of the RSFSR, an excellent example of public educationer, a holder of the Order of the Republic of Altai "Tan Cholmon" ("Morning Star"), a veteran of pedagogical work, the author of programs, textbooks, teaching aids in the Altai language for primary classes.

Maria Ivanovna Bobkova was born on January 19, 1925 in the village of Moshenovo, Khotynetsky district, Oryol region. On the station Pogreby, there lives a very caring, modest woman, a home-front worker, Maria Ivanovna Bobkova. She was born in a large family, graduated from 6 years of school. She had to help her parents with everything, thus her career as a collective farmer at the local collective farm began. Working on a collective farm, Maria Ivanovna dreamed of going to the city and getting a degree. Before her family could get back on their feet, the Great Patriotic War began. The Germans occupied the Orel region in September 1941. The Germans took cattle, food, and warm clothes from the people. Old people were forced to work for them, and young people were transported to Germany. But not all Germans committed atrocities, some gave food and even candy. After the liberation of Bryansk, Maria Ivanovna left the collective farm and was enrolled at the railway station to study the profession of a conductor. After completing accelerated training courses for conductors, Maria Ivanovna started working as a conductor on October 11, 1943, and was immediately sent on a business trip to the frontline, to Brest-Litovsk. The trains which Maria Ivanovna worked on were repeatedly bombed by German planes. Being near the frontlines, Maria Ivanovna courageously endured all military hardships. Her carriage was always clean, warm, and comfortable, despite the harsh years and the lack of food, water, and fuel. As best as she could, she motivated the soldiers going to the front. Maria Ivanovna accompanied military convoys until the day of Victory. She never complained about difficulties, considered it her duty to help the Motherland, to work conscientiously, to help bring the Victory to life. Maria Ivanovna prefers not to recall the wartime: she was forced to see and experience too much grief. Nowadays, there are very few survivors of the war who could tell the younger generation the whole truth about the Great Patriotic War. Therefore, they need to be honored, surrounded with care and attention. We need to learn a lot from the years they have lived. The rest of Maria Ivanovna’s life was also connected with the railway. Until 1953, she served as a conductor, she married a bridge master, gave birth to four children, two of whom followed in their parents' footsteps, becoming railway workers. Her daughter Lyubov Nikolaevna became the conductor of international trains, daughter Tatyana Nikolaevna became the head of the station Pogreby. Maria Ivanovna Bobkova has six grandchildren and four great-grandchildren. Our grandmother Masha still stays busy.

Division: 339th rifle Rostov-Taman Brandenburg Red Banner division of the Suvorov order. Gulsum served in the 339th rifle Taman Red Banner division. For several days without sleep and rest, she provided assistance to the wounded who were participating in the liberation of Kuban from the fascist "demons", for which she was awarded the medal "For Military Merit". "A disciplined, efficient surgeon, who was energetic and indefatigable while providing qualified assistance..." – this is how the twenty-seven-year-old Gulsum was described in the award list of September 24, 1943. In 1944, during the division's landing on the Kerch Peninsula, my great-grandmother was in the front group. Under enemy artillery and mortar fire, she provided surgical assistance. During the division's liberation of Crimea, Gulsum saved the lives of three thousand wounded soldiers. For this feat, she was awarded the order of the Red Star. More than once, Gulsum's life was at risk, but she had never abandoned her position of a military surgeon. So she remained during the crossing of the Oder river, when she provided surgical assistance under open fire. "Comrade Kostrova proved to be an experienced specialist and a calm, undaunted worker," and saved the lives of 190 Red Army soldiers. So it was on the night of January 13-14, 1945, when enemy artillery fire hit the location of the medical unit. The roof of the tent, where my great-grandmother was performing surgery, was riddled with shards. But Gulsum was not frightened and continued to help the wounded soldiers. "With her exemplary efficiency, comrade Kostrova inspired the team, contributing to high-quality treatment of the wounded." Gulsum Suleymanovna was awarded a valiant award - the order of the Patriotic War of the II degree for her fearlessness, courage, and maternal care for the wounded soldiers. And in the victorious May of 1945, she was awarded the medal "For the Defense of the Caucasus" by the Hero of the Soviet Union, Guards’ Commander of the 339th rifle division of Taman, Major General Gavriil Tarasovich Vasilenko.

Siberians are truly heroic Soviet warriors, great patriots of our homeland, loyal to their country. In the places where Siberians worked, I could always be sure that they would perform the task assigned to them with honor and military valor. So it was, throughout the great Patriotic War. Marshal of the Soviet Union Georgy Zhukov - what do you think these words mean? You must have imagined a soldier in bloodstained clothes, with a machine gun in his hands. But what about those who worked away from the action making weapons necessary to attack the enemy? What about the young girls who treated the wounded, who saw blood for the first time in their lives? What about the little boys who worked tirelessly in factories? The war came to every home, stole thousands of lives, sparing no one ... Yes, from every home a son, a father, a husband went to war... I want to tell you how the war came to our home. In 1941, my great-great-grandfather, Pavel Fedorovich Zolotukhin, left the village of Shcherbak in the Tyumen region for the frontlines. The whole family was grieving. But my great-grandmother, Olga Pavlovna Kozlova (Zolotukhina), strong-willed. This seventeen-year-old girl decided to help her homeland and be closer to her father. She decided and did so! At the age of 18, she went to Tyumen to medical school. In 1942, she graduated and became a nurse. There is always a need for nurses during war because the number of victims was huge! The doctors were not enough. She was sent to a hospital in Omsk. The young girl's heart was ripped to pieces by the suffering and pain of other people, but despite this, she continued to fulfill her duty to her motherland. My great-grandmother served in the hospital for two years, saving the wounded. In 1944, she was called up for service in the Far East, where there was a war with Japan. My great-grandmother was 21 years old. The 2nd division consisted mostly of military aviation. My great-grandmother was an ordinary soldier. Together with other fragile girls, she carried heavy ammunition and shells, and hung bombs onto military planes. My great-grandmother would recount: "The climate in the Far East is very harsh, there was not enough warm clothes. The food was poor: soup made on water and a piece of bread. In winter, our hands would freeze to the iron ammunition. Sometimes we were able to sleep only 3 hours a day… Despite this, no one complained… Everyone did everything they could to not just survive but win!" At the frontlines, my great-grandmother, a real Siberian, met my great-grandfather soldier Ivan Illarionovich Kozlov. In 1945, when the war ended, they returned from the front as one family. My great-grandmother devoted many more years of her life to medicine, helping people. For her fearlessness and selflessness, for her courage and bravery, my great-grandmother has the following awards: the medals "For the Victory over Germany" and "For the Victory over Japan". Unfortunately, my great-grandmother died in 2010, at the age of 87. We miss her. Heroes could be very different. In our family – the hero was a young, but very brave, selfless girl - Olga. How many soldiers did she save?.. I am proud that my family contributed to the Victory, to the history of my country!

Member of the partisan movement of Belarussia in the special Squad, named after KIROV of Gomel connection since July 8, 1942 to November 25, 1943. Born on August 15, 1918. in the village of Bortniki, Bobruisk district, Mogilev region, in a poor peasant family. My father was a shoemaker and my mother a dressmaker. In winter she sewed clothes and in summer she worked kolkhoz in the field. She was a perfect master of the sickle during harvesting. The farm had a cow, a couple of geese, and a dozen of chickens. Her family had four children - two brothers and two sisters. In 1935 she finished Bobruisk forestry college with the profession of furniture manufacturing technology. She was a Komsomol activist in the colleege, also participated in Amateur activities and in passing the TRP standards. She got married the same year. In the spring of 1936, her son Marik was born. When he came to stay with his grandparents in the summer, he liked to feed geese by hand with his grandmother. In the end of May 1941 her daughter Mariyka was born. In spring of 1941 her husband Mikhail was mobilized and sent to the area of Belostok (possibly for the construction of defensive structures), there he died in the first week of the war. On the 3rd day of the war, thieves (future policemen) stole a cow at night, wrapping the hooves with rags. In the end of June, her mother-in-law sent a horse from Bobruisk to take her relatives to the rear, but this could not be done, since all the roads were already clogged by the Nazis. The old men decided to return home, and Lydia and her sister Sofia, along with their two children, went to distant farms and villages, because local anti-Soviets could give them to the Nazis. The peasants sympathized with the refugees: some gave a slice of bread, some poured a Cup of milk, some gave a bulbina (potato). But everyone was afraid of the punishers, everywhere there were orders not to accept refugees and hand them over to the commandant's office. All residents were supposed to have ausweiss with them. Execution For non-compliance. We had to spend the night in the woods, or in haystacks. Where there were no policemen, you could sleep in a shed or bathhouse. By mid-September, the nights were getting colder and the children's health was getting worse. Marik became ill. A peasant woman in one of the villages was persuaded to accept the boy (her husband was also in the army, everyone believed that the fascists would soon be defeated and our people would return). The informer is unknown, but when, a couple of weeks later, his mother returned to visit her son, she saw only his worn-out shoes. One night the policemen came and dragged him out from behind the stove, where he was hiding in the straw, without even allowing him to put them on. Everything was done quickly, so as not to allow the victim to react and get his bottle of schnapps from the new owners as soon as possible... In those places, in the area of the current Krasny Bereg station, a hospital for wounded German soldiers was located and the point for collecting donor and children's blood was created there. Perhaps the boy was sent to that place where he died. After the war, when I was 6-7 years old, I remember my mother's bitter tears, as she wrung her hands and remembering all this, repeated: "I wish the Germans had killed me." These memories came back to her again and again, leaving a trace in my soul. After leaving this village, having suffered such a mental trauma, my mother lost her breast milk. The baby was doomed. She died in late October or early November. The first snow has fallen... the ground was not frozen yet. When Guderian's German tanks broke into Bortniki in late June and early July, the soldiers began to Rob the peasants, depriving livestock, milk, butter, and lard, but they did not commit any atrocities yet. They were eager to capture the bridges and crossings on the Berezina faster. But a week later, the field gendarmerie, the commandant's office, and the police appeared. The hunt for Communists and Jews began. One day the order was posted: "All Jews must gather by the commandant's office. Take your valuables and food for three days.”My grandparents Vera and Simon Freitman were sent to a ghetto (possibly, in Bobruisk), where all its inhabitants were killed by the spring of 1942. She was not accepted immediately To the partisan detachment, named after Kirov. There were a lot of checks. Her knowledge of Komsomol structures helped, and she also knew German well. Her skills to sew clothes was also useful. She was Accepted as a private on July 8, 1942, where she served until the moment of liberationon by Red Army troops under the command of K. K. Rokossovsky on November 25, 1943. She was awarded the command medals: Partisan of the Patriotic War, for the Victory over Germany, for valiant labor in the great Patriotic War, as well as, in peacetime, the jubilee medal “Twenty years of Victory in the great Patriotic War” and the Jubilee Badge “25 years of Victory in the great Patriotic War”. In peacetime, she worked in regional food industry as an economist, and then in Vodokanaltrest–as a motorist of pumping stations. Her health was severely damaged by the war. She died on March 28, 1978. There is a photo from partisan life-The work of a workshop for repairing uniforms. From the memoirs of her son-Vladimir Nikolaevich Suzdalev. 04/12/2020.