Home front during the war

Gavriil Volobuev was born in 1888 in the village of Safe, Stavropol province (later the village of Safe, Trunovsky district, Stavropol territory). In the period from 1909 to 1913, he served in the 1st guards Preobrazhensky regiment in St. Petersburg. During the Russian Civil war from 1918 to 1921, he took part in the battles in the Astrakhan steppes and on the Tsaritsyn front as a private. In 1929, G. I. Volobuev became one of the first organizers of collective farms in the Trun district – Chairman of the collective farm "Krasny Shlyakh". After the merger of collective farms into large ones from 1931 to 1937. Volobuev G. I. works as the head of the farm of the collective farm. Ipatov, and in 1937 he was elected to the post of Chairman of the collective farm. Cherednichenko. In July 1932, G. I. Volobuev was accepted into the ranks of the Communist party. During the fascist occupation of the area in the Great Patriotic War, in August 1942, Volobuev G. I. was evacuated with collective farm cattle to the Azerbaijan SSR, Devichinsky district, where he worked as a Deputy Chairman of the collective farm "Politotdelets". In February 1943, after the liberation of the region from fascist invaders, Gabriel I. returned to his native village, where he was re-elected farmers first Chairman of the collective farm. Ipatov, and then until 1947 - Chairman of the collective farm. Cherednichenko. In 1947, for health reasons (the consequences of long pedestrian crossings during evacuation with the collective farm herd affected) and at the personal request of Gavriil Ilyich was dismissed from the post of Chairman of the collective farm and worked as a caretaker until 1949, and until 1954 – head of a poultry farm. It is also known that Gavriil Ilyich took an active part in public life: he was repeatedly elected a Deputy of the village Council of safety, was a people's assessor of the Trun people's court. In the last years of his life, Gavriil Ilyich was very ill. His wife Praskovya Pavlovna, six daughters: Melania, Tatiana, Nadezhda, Alexandra, Evdokia, Nina, and grandchildren helped him cope with life's hardships. Volobuev G. I. died in 1960 in his native village.

Rank: Major. Type of troops: Technical troops (CW, railway, motor transport, radio technical, road troops, topographic). When the Great Patriotic war began, my grandfather was 13 years old. He, like all children of the pre-war period, studied at school, made plans for the future. My grandfather lived in the ancient picturesque town of Yelets, Lipetsk region. Already in October 1941, German troops approached Yelets. On December 1, the Germans took the city. However, they were unable to establish their own order, as our army liberated the city three days later. My grandfather worked on clearing the rubble of the city. In 1943, he entered the construction technical school and continued to work on the restoration and construction of his native city. My grandfather-Volodin Nikolai Tikhonovich - did not participate in the fighting, does not have military awards, as he was a teenager during the war. However, with his studies and work, he helped his homeland to survive in difficult years and defeat the enemy. My grandfather was a member of the labour front during the great Patriotic war. After the defeat of the Nazis near Yelets, my grandfather worked on clearing the rubble of the city from bombing. It was very difficult and hard work, but he courageously worked on a par with adults, restoring the destroyed hometown. In 1948, he was drafted into the Soviet Army and linked his entire life with military service in peacetime as part of the railway troops. At that time, active construction of Railways began. It so happened that my grandfather served in the most responsible places – he built Railways first in Mongolia, and then he was transferred to Siberia. Then the grandiose construction of the TRANS-Baikal railway began there. My grandfather told me a lot about the service. It is very difficult to build a railway, especially in the mountains. To make a road there, you had to dig tunnels. The road led along Lake Baikal. To prevent water from overflowing and eroding the road, they put dams. Then there were new construction projects in my grandfather's life: Azerbaijan, Ukraine, a section of the Moscow – Ryazan railway, and then the construction of the century-the Baikal-Amur mainline. My grandfather has many awards. He received his awards in peacetime for heroic and selfless work on the most difficult and responsible sections of railway construction.

Volkova Anna Matveevna_x000D_ _x000D_ A generation that survived the horror of the war years. From the memoirs of Anna Matveyevna Volkova. Recorded By Melentsova E. V. April 2019. Anya was born on December 28, 1930, in the village of Nazarino, Novgorod region in a large friendly family with 6 children. When the war began, the girl was less than 11 years old. She went to the 3rd grade, and could not study any more. Anna Matveyevna's father went to war on the second day, it was necessary to help her mother. Her mother had a baby at that time, but she was sent to logging, and Anya often replaced her mother. She worked in the woods with old people. When she arrived on the first day, they looked at her sceptically and one asked: "What can you do?" "Before you start cutting down a tree, you must first clear the snow from the trunk, then clean the paths in different directions, make a notch at the bottom of the trunk, and then start sawing a little higher," the lively girl replied. "What are the paths for?» To escape if the tree falls in the wrong place." Her dad taught her these skills. Experienced woodcutters were surprised by the girl's ingenuity and no longer laughed at her. Therefore, Anya became a woodcutter. The trees seemed to grow up to the sky, it was hard, her mother was very worried about her, but Annushka never complained. Such was her character. In the winter, she worked on clearing railway tracks, and in the spring, she dug ditches to drain water. Not far from the village, there was a military airfield, Anya went there to cut down Christmas trees, and they masked the planes. German planes flew daily, searched for the airfield, and bombed other places, but the airfield was never found. Sometimes planes, if they saw people in the fields and meadows, fired at them. For some reason, there was no fear. One day, an important man with beautiful shoulder straps came to the airfield where Anya worked, and when he saw little Anya, he asked if she could cook. "I can do anything," she said glibly. Then he asked her to become a daughter of the regiment. "Here is the son of a regiment, and you will be the daughter of a regiment." However, the girl flatly refused. She had a mother and siblings to feed. Then Anya's brother went to the front, he was a signalman. And Anya worked loading the forest, in spring and summer they ploughed, sowed, mowed the grass. She worked as a trailer driver, and thatched roofs with the grandfather. Whatever she had to do, she went where she was sent and always worked conscientiously. A little girl, just a child. There was no time for games because after work, you also had to help with the housework at home. All those years, her mother kept a cow, which gave very little milk, but it was there - for small. Not once was she "advised" to slaughter a cow for meat, but her mother refused point-blank. Newly born young animals were slaughtered for meat. The collective farm did not give money, only 200-300 g of grain per person per month, and small children were given coupons. They planted potatoes, vegetables, dried pipes, collected various herbs in the summer and worked... Together with her mother, Anya worked up to 1000 workdays a year. Then came the Victory. Her father came from the front, and her brother returned 3-4 years later. They were both twice wounded and concussed. Life became easier, but Annushka did not return to school, and a different, post-war life began. By the decree of the President of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR from 06.06.1945, Anna Volkova was awarded the medal "for valiant labour in the great Patriotic war of 1941-1945". At that time, she was 14 and a half years old! In total, this simple and very modest woman has 4 medals. And two beautiful sons, daughters-in-law, 2 grandchildren and 2 granddaughters, there are great-grandchildren. They are her pride. I wish you health and joy, Anna Matveyevna. A low bow to you from all of us who have not seen the war. And peace to all of us, so that this will never happen again. Never.

Name: last NAME: Pikalev NAME: Vasily PATRONYMIC: Grigorievich CITY: Novgorod region DATE of BIRTH: 26.11.1928 date of DEATH: 01.05.2003 HISTORY: Title: Red army soldier. The war probably did not pass by a single house. Now, I'm going to tell you a little bit about my aunt and uncle. My aunt, Alexis-pikaleva Valentina Efimovna, was a partisan in the Belarusian forests, then a home front worker. Uncle Vasya – her classmate, from the first grade at the same Desk sat, so the love was long and long – already up to 84 years. There is a war going on. Uncle Vasya is twelve and a half years old, men at the front. They called him to the district Executive Committee and gave him a task: to drive a herd of cows deep into the rear, as the Germans were advancing. There were too many cows, and he was alone. They gave me a single-barrelled shotgun, ammunition for it, a fiftieth-size sweatshirt, a coat, a mattress, and a blanket all rolled into one. Another – 20 loaves of good rye bread, a mug, matches. And the way is not close-350 km to the Vologda region. They said to drink milk-at least it will crack, so that the cows do not start. And our shepherd boy went. During the day I rested, and at night I went with a gun at the ready, so that the cows would not be taken away. I finished walking in 2.5 months. The weather has changed, the sweatshirt is already by the way, it is warm in it, only my feet are cold-a barefooted shepherd boy. Drove as received on the list-so much and passed, the document was issued to him that the cows were accepted. They say go. Where to go? The Germans are already where they came from. Frosts, cold, he began to ask for military cars to the front. He was taken, a month and a half later, when his feet almost frostbite. The fighter was 13 years old at the time. And Vasya fought right up to 46 years. I stayed in Poland for a while, I was watching a movie in Panama. I was wounded three times, my hand was completely dry in my old age, and I didn't like to be treated. He served until 1946, but in 1945 participated in the Victory parade. I look at the chronicle and don't find it. Returned from the war. The document on acceptance of burenok so all war and coast, gave it to the district party Committee. Then he married Valentina. A year later, the term of urgent service came up and our guardsman started serving again. My wife is in medical school studying, waiting for a baby. And then the students of the school were sent to the sawmill, and the young soldier did not have a son. And there were no more children. Lived, worked, traveled all over the USSR, worked as a trucker and dragged me with him. He wasn't a talker, I was the one who got everything from him on the sly when I was Hiking around the country. God rest his soul, no childhood, no youth, and life is not honey. And so it passed, this life. And he was a great worker! Where to us. All my life I had great respect for him and loved him like a father. And aunt Valya with her trouble. So I lived my life, but I was a favorite of both of them, and the love was mutual. Recorded from the words of her niece, Lyudmila Vasilyevna Ryzhikova, born in 1947.

Oleg Alexandrovich Pashin_x000D_ CITY: Leningrad date of BIRTH: 13.06.1926 DATE of DEATH: 13.02.2013 HISTORY: My grandfather, a home front Worker, was Born Oleg Pashin in Leningrad, then the family moved to Moscow. In 1941, when the mass evacuation of residents and businesses began, the whole family moved to Ulyanovsk. There, in October 41, the Moscow automobile plant named after Stalin (ZIS) was evacuated. A 15-year-old grandfather goes to work in a factory. A month later, on November 30, the state defense Committee receives an order: workers of foundries, motor shops and others related to the production of engines should be urgently relocated from Ulyanovsk to the Urals, to the town of Miass. The workers who were sent there with their families again plunged into teplushki, including my grandfather and his family (parents and 2 brothers), to continue working at the factory and help our soldiers at the front to bring this day closer. Victory Day. At the factory, my grandfather lost his thumb on his left hand and got a severe burn on his leg (doctors barely managed to save his leg, as a result - a year in the hospital). My grandfather and his parents and brother still lived in Miass. The third brother returned to Moscow after the war. A bit from the history of the plant: In Miass, the construction of the military plant No. 316 began in 1939. In the frosty winter of 1941, day and night, directly from the "wheels", equipment was being installed in the open air, and by mid-summer a construction site and a work settlement were already prepared.Supply difficulties forced many of the plant's workshops to be built out of wood. Motor production was just planned to be organized on this construction site, to which a railway line had already been laid before the war. The first workshop of the Miass automobile engine plant started working in March 1942, and in April the first industrial batch was assembled. Initially, it was assumed that the plant would produce engines, gearboxes and rear axles for Moscow and Ulyanovsk, and supply casting to the Shadrinsky branch of Zisa. But the country was in dire need of cars, and the State defense Committee on February 14, 1943 made a new decision-to completely transfer the production of trucks from Ulyanovsk to Miass. The provincial city of merchants, artisans and gold diggers becomes the Ural capital of trucks. The first three-ton ZIS-5B rolled off the Assembly line on July 8, 1944, and on July 20, a batch of cars was sent to the front. On September 30, 1944, the thousandth car rolled off the Assembly line, and by the end of the year, despite the incomplete workshops, three thousand three-ton cars were built. Within a year from the date of production of the first cars, the factory team sent 6800 cars to the front and to the national economy. Ural trucks fought on all fronts of the great Patriotic war, bringing the Victory of our people closer.

DATE OF BIRTH: 05/01/1927 _x000D_ DATE OF DEATH: 05/23/2016 _x000D_ My mother, Aleksandra Nikolayevna Prikhodko (home front worker), was born on May 1, 1927 in the village of Novoborovlyanka, Troitsky District, Altai Territory. They lived hard, in particular, because of the wave of typhus. In order to protect themselves from desease, the family wandered from place to place, but still the children died one after another. They lived in the forest, parents worked in logging. The work was very hard, my grandmother overstrained, pulling the logs. To feed themselves, they collected cranberries in the swamps. _x000D_ When the war began, my mother was 14 years old, and she and her friends wanted to go to the war, but they did not take girls from such a deep rear, also the girls were minors. Despite the war, educational institutions continued to work, and my mother entered the Altai Agricultural Institute. From spring to autumn, the students worked in the fields helping to grow crops to send food to the front. After classes, tram lines were laid. _x000D_ Since the men were at the front, the girls had to do this hard work. It was hungry, my parents lived in the village of Bobrovka, and the institute was in Barnaul. Once, grandfather carried ice cream milk across the Ob River across the ice to feed his mother, and the frost was such that the potatoes froze, no matter how they wrapped them up. _x000D_ The Victory Day had come. Mom graduated from the institute. Since 1949 she worked as an agronomist in the Kosikhinsky district, laid a forest belt there for snow retention. It is still called "Brotherhood's strip". She was transferred to the head of the Aleiskiy zonal department, then she was appointed Senior agronomist in the Altai regional agricultural administration. _x000D_ In 1954 she began teaching at an agricultural college and graduated from the Timiryazev Agricultural Academy. Since 1960 she had worked as a biology teacher at a school. _x000D_ Since 1967, for more than twenty years she taught at the Agronomy Faculty of the institute, where she once studied herself (now it is the Altai State Agrarian University). She loved teaching, many students remember it with gratitude. She has the title of Veteran of the Great Patriotic War and Labor, was awarded two jubilee medals in honor of 60th and 70th anniversary of the Victory over Nazi Germany. Written by Petrenko (Prikhodko) Natalia Viktorovna (daughter).

My story about my grandmother, Prikazchikova Lydia Matveevna (06/05/1927 - 12/31/2009). Unfortunately, she is no longer alive, but what she told about her life during the war, our family will remember. _x000D_ When the war began, she was only 16 years old. She lived in the village "Nekhaevka", Veydelevsky district. Her grandfather Matvey went to the front. And she, her brother, and mother stayed in their native village. The Germans and Magyars settled in the village and forced them to dig trenches in the Rovensky region and the Victoropol region. Airpcrafts flew overhead, bullets whistled, my young grandmother fell face down in the ground with fear and covered her ears with her hands, and then again began to dig trenches. _x000D_ The Magyars behaved cruelly towards the inhabitants of the village, they forced them to bury the killed Germans in the "Badger Forest". Winter was approaching, and they forced to take off clothes and, most importantly, shoes from the dead bodies. _x000D_ There was nothing to eat, and the villagers ate potato peels, acorns, the children were swollen with hunger. My grandmother's brother Kolya was a little boy at that time. He and several other guys found a grenade and played with it like a toy and threw it into a pole. From such "fun", Kolya's grandfather miraculously survived, but lost one eye. After the war, my grandmother was looking for her dad, wrote to various newspapers, turned to the radio and other authorities, but one answer came: "... not to be listed among the dead, is considered missing." _x000D_ Nature will soon hide the traces of war, the bloody black trail will be washed away by the rains. But your feat, Soviet heroes, wil not be forgotten!

Title: Major _x000D_ Branch of troops: Technical troops (KhV, ZhDV, AV, RTV, DV, topographic) _x000D_ _x000D_ Participant of the Civil War and Labor Front during the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945. Chevalier of the Order of the "Red Banner of Labor", has the medals "For Labor Distinction", "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 191-1945", "For Victory over Japan" and other awards. He was born on July 6 (June 23, old style), 1901. He was an illegitimate child. In his birth certificate entry dated June 26, 1901: mother - Pavlova Maria Arkadyevna, father - (dash). He was baptized in the Nicholas Cathedral in Verkhneuralsk. Receivers (godparents) were Pavlov Pavel Stepanovich and Pavlova Anastasia Arkadyevna. The patronymic is given by the name of the mother's relative, who was the godfather. _x000D_ Mother was Pavlova Maria Arkadyevna, presumably born in 1883. She died in St. Petersburg in 1919 at the age of 36. _x000D_ From 1905 to 1917, Vladimir lived and was brought up in the family of an artillery officer Pokrovsky A.A at first in the city of Bela, Sedletskaya province (now Poland), and since March 1910 in the city of Khabarovsk. _x000D_ In the spring of 1905, during a trip to Warsaw, Vladimir's mother, being in a difficult financial circumstances, handed the 4-year-old boy at the railway station of the city of Brest-Litovsk to a relative, the wife of an artillery officer Elena Ivanovna Pokrovskaya. Her husband is Pokrovsky Alexander Alekseevich, born on July 1, 1853, from 1899 to 1910 he was the Commander of 2nd Artillery Brigade (city of Bela); from 1910 to 1912 he was the Commander of 2nd Division of the Siberian Rifle Artillery Brigade (the city of Khabarovsk). In 1912, Pokrovsky A.A. retired and worked in civilian structures. He did not serve in the troops and institutions of the White Army. _x000D_ In February 1917, Vladimir and the Pokrovsky family moved to Petrograd. In March, he met with his mother, who made it clear that she did not want to live with her son. Since March 1917, Vladimir left the Pokrovsky family and began an independent life. _x000D_ From May 1919 to 1924 he served in the ranks of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army, the Soviet Army. From 1924 to 1929 he worked in various organizations as a technician, engineer. _x000D_ From 1929 to 1937 (with a break from January 1934 to April 1936) he studied at the Leningrad Mining Institute. _x000D_ From 1935 to 1961, he worked on the survey of railways in the Far East and the Far North in the positions of a Senior Geological Engineer, head of a geological party and chief geologist of the expedition. He was one of the pioneers of the Baikal-Amur Railway (BAM). He participated directly in the exploration expeditions of the Baikal-Amur railway under the Railway Project, Gipropromtransstroy of the Ministry of Transport Construction worked from May 1939 to April 1958. _x000D_ In December 1951 he was promoted to the rank of Engineer-Major of track and construction. About this period of life and Vladimir Pavlovich himself can be read in the books and essays of his colleague, the famous geologist-prospector Pobozhiy Alexander Alexandrovich ("Through the northern wilderness. Notes of the prospector", "The path of the prospector", etc.). In 1961, he retired by age. In 1965-1967 he worked as a geology instructor at a secondary school and a Mechanical Engineering College. _x000D_ Awards: Order of the Red Banner of Labor No. 105470 (1948); Medal "For Labor Distinction" No. 29902 (1944); Medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War" No. 245948 (1945); - Medal "For Victory over Japan" No. 056118 (1946); Jubilee medal "50 years of the Armed Forces of the USSR" (1969); jubilee medal "30 years of victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945." (1976); Jubilee medal "60 years of the Armed Forces of the USSR" (1979); - jubilee medal "40 years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945." (1985); Medal "For Construction of the Baikal-Amur Mainline" (1987).

Branch of the service: Ground Forces._x000D_ Nina Fedorovna Yadykina was born on September 23, 1916 in the village of Ievlevo, Bogoroditsky District, Tula Region. She became an orphan early, at the age of about 5. In February 1932, Nina entered the Serpukhov School of factory apprenticeship (Fabzaucha) at the state Serpukhov cotton and paper trust, specializing in spinning. There she met her future husband Leonid Alekseevich Panteleev. In January 1934, they completed their studies, and Nina received the qualification of a 9th grade bank broker. And on November 17, 1935, Nina married Leonid and takes the name of her husband Panteleev. _x000D_ On January 21, 1937, their daughter Galina was born. But the father did not take part in raising his daughter for long, since in August 1938 he was drafted into the army. In June 1941, the war broke out. And in October 1941, the Serpukhov spinning and weaving factory "Krasny Tekstilshchik", where Nina worked, was stopped. Nina lived with her young daughter and her husband's parents. There were starving._x000D_ An Air Regiment was based not far from Serpukhov. In 1942, Nina went to work as a dishwasher in the regimental catering unit. Every day she walked several miles home from work to see her family and bring food for her daughter and family members. _x000D_ Over time, the catering department, along with the regiment, moved further and further from her native places and Nina walked ever greater distances from home to work. Soon she began to come home every other day, then after 3 days, a week, and soon she could no longer see her daughter, letters and parcels came home only occasionally. _x000D_ Nina spent the whole war as a food worker at military unit 45068. She was a dishwasher, a cook, and a waitress. Her combat path ended on March 22, 1946 in Poland. For military merits Panteleeva Nina Fedorovna was awarded: the medal "For Victory over Germany", the Order of the "Patriotic War" II degree. _x000D_ After a long war, the family was reunited in 1947 in the Far East, where her husband Leonid served in the Navy. On duty, they had to work in North Korea. Abroad in 1948, they had another daughter, Elena. A few months later, the family returned to Russia. Panteleeva Nina Fedorovna was awarded the following jubilee medals: "40 years of victory in the Great Patriotic War", "50 years of victory in the Great Patriotic War", "70 years of the Armed Forces of the USSR", Zhukov's medal. On April 3, 1997, at the age of 80, Nina passed away.

Full name: Pankratova Maria Georgievna _x000D_ PATRONYMIC: Georgievna _x000D_ Сity: - _x000D_ Date of BIRTH: - _x000D_ DATE of DEATH: - _x000D_ _x000D_ HISTORY: Maria Georgievna, nee Andrianova, was born in 1924 in the village of Slashchevskaya on the banks of the Volga. She remembers her childhood well. It was not well-fed and well-to-do, they had to work hard even when the war was not yet knocking on their doors, but Maria Georgievna never said that it was unhappy. When she was only 10, she was already doing half the work around the house, and even water could pull full buckets of a huge barrel. She also sang... She was always singing. Sings now, at 91 years old. The front line was not far from Slashchevskaya stanitsa. When the war started, everyone was working. High school students dug trenches, built defensive structures very close to the front line. Maria Georgievna says that when she and her classmates had to go to nursing courses, they not only learned how to dress the wounded and carry them out of the battlefield. They had to be able to assemble and disassemble a rifle, reload a machine gun, and dig a trench and throw a grenade. As early as November 1941. she received a summons to the military enlistment office, but almost immediately it was followed by a call to the Komsomol district Committee. In a neighboring village, located seventeen kilometers from Slashchevka, a math teacher, an adult man, was called to the front, and it was decided to send her to work there as a good student. "At first I was confused and offended that I seemed to be an evader, but the woman who recommended me for this position scolded me and said that it was no easier here than at the front, that teachers at school were needed no less than nurses at the front. And then I realized it was true." The school was located in seventeen kilometers from Sladewski. There was no transport, it was a cold winter in the middle zone. And our seventeen-year-old Maria Georgievna in light galoshes until the end of this winter walked to her work, taught math to children who were only two or three years younger than her. Then she was sent to the Institute for one year, so that she could take at least the basics of teaching methods. "I'm not so much hungry as frozen this winter. They lived in a Dorm where ice as thick as a fist grew on the window. It was draughty from all the cracks, and the girls and I went to bed in pairs to sleep at night, so that one mattress could be put on top of fur coats and blankets, and to keep each other warm. Bread was given out for five hundred grams a day, there was no other food, they drank tea without sugar, and when it was just boiling water." A year later, Maria Georgievna returned to school, to work, continuing to study in absentia. In 1945, she and her husband, Pyotr Nefedovich Pankratov, met as a married couple. He was a school principal. After the war, life was not in a rut for a long time, there were schools in dugouts, and a lack of basic clothing and food. But they did their job honestly, kept a small household, and raised two wonderful children, Olimpiada Petrovna, who became an excellent math teacher, and Alexander Petrovich, who was a very talented dentist.

Full name: Polyanskaya Polina Andreevna SURNAME: Polyanskaya FIRST name: Polina PATRONYMIC: Andreyevna CITY: s. Syarda Penza region DATE of BIRTH: 28.08.1922 DATE of DEATH: 19.04.2015 HISTORY: This is my mother. WWII veteran. Labor veteran. Here are her memoirs, written by her personally on 26.02.2015 at the request of colleagues for the 70th anniversary of the Victory (two months before her departure). Hard road to Victory. I was 18 when the war started. I worked at the Saratov aviation plant as a controller of the technical control Department. The factory produced the legendary yak1 and YAK3 fighters. My mother and my sister also worked at the factory. The fascists were rushing to the Volga. The red Army held the front, but Saratov became a front-line city. These are hard times. Famine and night bombing were constant companions of those years. The front needed more and more planes. The plant worked around the clock. During the most difficult time for the country, the work shift lasted 24 hours. People didn't leave the factory for days. For violation of labor discipline, a military Tribunal was threatened. The Nazis bombed the factory every night with German pedantry. It was forbidden to leave the workplace, the plant had to work under any conditions. During air raids, all Windows and doors of workshops were closed, and blackout was introduced. The atmosphere in the closed shop was suffocating because of gas welding, technical oils, kerosene vapors, gasoline, solvents, sandblasts. Mothers wept as they worked at their looms, worried about the children left at home. But no one left their jobs. Bombs repeatedly fell in the running of the shop, killing and maiming people, destroying equipment. In the morning, after such bombings, the dead were taken out by trucks. It was a very painful sight. My job was to control the frame of the plane. This was a responsible operation, on which the reliability of the aircraft depended to a large extent. The frame consisted of numerous metal tubes welded together. No defects were allowed: dents, chips, scratches, deformations, etc. Welding should be ideal. I went through everything carefully, probing with my fingers, checking the diagrams. If there was no marriage, I put my brand on the frame, got a technical passport for the plane. In the case of marriage, the disadvantages were eliminated. During my work at the factory, not a single comment was made in my address. During the long night shifts, I couldn't help feeling sleepy. But I and in thoughts was not allowed to leave the workplace. The constant companion of those years was hunger. On non-working days, my mother and I went at night on freight trains across the Volga to Moscow. Engels worked part-time at a meat processing plant. A single set of workers was made at five o'clock in the morning. They worked in the slaughterhouse up to their ankles in blood. We were paid for our work with low-grade meat trimmings – raw stomachs of cattle. And for us it was a great joy and salvation. The Nazis purposefully bombed strategic objects of the city. The railway bridge over the Volga, which was connected to the left Bank of the Volga and the East of the country, and which we used to travel to Engels. But the Germans did not manage to get into it. Until the end of the war, the bridge served the cause of victory, with trains carrying weapons, people,and food. The Nazis managed to bomb the Kretinga oil refinery. Its oil storage facilities continued to burn for several years after the war. In these difficult conditions, I continued to study at night school. My dear husband Polyansky Vasily Andreevich-senior investigator for particularly important cases of the regional Prosecutor's office-survived the war as a teenager. In the absence of the male population, all the difficulties of rear life fell on his shoulders. The hard time of the war undermined his health. Later, he passed away early, and I raised two children alone. There was no family that was not affected by the war. In a fierce battle on the Kursk-Oryol arc, my sister's husband Stepan Kichatov died heroically. He was a political officer, a wonderful kind person, the soul of the team. Repeatedly wounded, shell-shocked, commissioned, he again and again voluntarily went to the front, until he died in battle. The place of his burial is still unknown. My sister was left with two young sons, whom she raised alone. Due to malnutrition and avitominosis, her youngest son could not stand up for a long time, and his cheeks were covered with a thick crust of diathesis. There were no medications. Folk wisdom helped: they steamed onions in a cast-iron stove in a Russian oven, lowered the child's legs into a warm mass and smeared their cheeks with it. Our relative, a resident of the village of Nechayevka in the Penza region, Vladimir Gerasimov, was awarded the order of Glory of all three degrees for his courage and heroism on the war fronts, which is equivalent to the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. His name is immortalized on the stele of Heroes on the embankment of the Sura river in Penza. In November 1944, when the war was coming to an end, the country began to prepare for a peaceful life. The Komsomol Committee of the factory and the party bodies sent me to study at the Saratov law school. After finishing school, I was sent to the Prosecutor's office of the Penza region. At the same time, she entered the Saratov law Institute. This is how my life in law began. I worked as a Prosecutor in the Penza region Prosecutor's office for 33 years before retiring in 1978. He was a senior assistant Prosecutor, chief of civil litigation Deputy city attorney. Since 1952, a member of the CPSU. Have 10 government awards: medal "For valiant labor in the great Patriotic war", medal "Veteran of labor", medal "For valiant labor in honor of the 100th anniversary of the birth of Lenin", Medal Rudenko, in honor of the 70th anniversary Newbergso process, the medal "290 years of the Russian Prosecutor's office", 4 commemorative medals in honor of Victory in great Patriotic war, medal "50 years Soviet prosecution". I have two children, a grandson and a great-granddaughter. In the cruel ordeal of the war, our people showed the highest morale, great dedication, willpower, and humanism. The key to this was the great unity of the entire people in the face of danger. No amount of hardships broke us. We believed in victory and won!

Muster of Universal education battalions. Magadan city. 1942-1943

Excavator on the stripping of peat. Kolyma. 1942

Женщины Кабардино-Балкарии за ремонтом обмундирования воинов Красной Армии.

Members of the collective farm "Borba" make savings for the construction of an air squadron