Heroes and feats

Chronicle of life and activity of N.P. Krasavchenko: Nikolay Prokofievich Krasavchenko (1916 - 1993) - organizer of partisan movement. - December 19, 1916 - was born in the family of an elementary school teacher in the village of Fastovetskaya, Tikhoretsky district, Krasnodar Territory. - September 1923 - May 1930. - Graduated from 8th grade in Fastovetskaya high school. - September 1931 - May 1933, studied at the Tikhoretsky Teachers' Training College.. - June 1933 - August 1934 - secretary, then editor of a multi-edition newspaper of the political department of Fastovetskaya MTS of Krasnodar region. - September - December 1934 - according to the Komsomol voucher sent to study at the Communist University of Social Sciences (KUPON), in January 1935 disbanded. - January 1935 - 1939. - Student of the History Department of the Moscow Institute of History, Philosophy, and Literature (MIFLI). He graduated with honors. - February - October 1939 - Deputy Head of the Student Youth Department of the Moscow City Committee of Komsomol.. - October 1939-May 1940 - Deputy Head of the Propaganda Department of the Moscow City Komsomol Committee. - In May 1940, he was elected Secretary of the Komsomol Moscow City Committee for Propaganda. In this career position, he was caught up in the Great Patriotic War. - May 1940 - January 1943 - Secretary of the Moscow City Komsomol Committee. - In July 1941, he was among the 12 secretaries of the Komsomol county and the RK Komsomol who were sent by the Commissioner of the State Defense Committee for the construction of defensive lines on the far outskirts of Moscow to the Smolensk region and was appointed Commissioner of the Vyazmensky fortification, which stretched from Bryansk to Rzhev. As a result of the October offensive of the Germans, and then their breakthrough of the front, Nikolai Prokofievich, along with others, found himself in the rear of the Germans, where he repeatedly participated in the battles, was the organizer of guerrilla groups in the areas of the Moscow region, for which he was awarded the medal "Partisan of the Great Patriotic War, I class". - August 1941 - October 1942, he was the head of the Soviet student delegation to the International Student Assembly in the United States and was elected vice-president of the Executive Committee of the International Union of Students. Having left his entourage, he continued to work as a secretary of the Moscow Komsomol State Leninist Congress and as a commissioner of the Komsomol State Committee on the close approaches to Moscow, and made a significant contribution to the mobilization of youth and Komsomol members of the capital for the crushing defeat of the Germans near Moscow. - In August 1942, Krasavchenko N. P. was appointed head of the delegation of student youth of the USSR, that took part in the First International Anti-Fascist Assembly of Students in Washington, DC, designed to unite the efforts of young people to combat fascism. - In November 1942, the delegation was authorized to represent the Soviet youth at the International Anti-Fascist Youth Conference in London. Many months of successful activity of the Soviet delegation outside our homeland, a detailed report on its work to the Central Committee of the Party in early 1943 made changes in the official position of N. P. Krasavchenko. - November 1942 - January 1943 – he was the head of the Soviet Youth Delegation at the International Anti-Fascist Youth Conference in London. He was elected Vice Chairman of the International Council of Anti-Fascist Youth. In the USA and England the delegation met with F.D. Roosevelt, W. Churchill, S. de Gaulle and other statesmen and more than two hundred times spoke at mass rallies, on the radio, at press conferences calling for immediate opening of the Second Front. - January 1943 - December 1949, he was elected First Secretary of the Moscow Regional and City Committee (MKI MGK) of the Komsomol, a member of the Bureau of the Central Committee of the Komsomol, became a member of the Bureau of the MGK and the IOCCP(b) and worked in this position until early 1950. He was awarded: - in February 1944, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor in 1944; - in July 1944, by the Order of the Head of the Belarusian Headquarters of the Partisan Movement, he was awarded the medal of the Patriotic War of the First Degree. - In 1947-1948, he was awarded two "Lenin orders", and in July 1944, he was awarded the Medal "For Moscow defense". - May 1945 - awarded with the medal "For the victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War". - June 1945 - December 1949 - member of Plenum and candidate to the bureau of Moscow Regional Committee of All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks (b). - June - July 7, 1946 – he was the head of the delegation of Soviet youth in Italy. - July 13, 1946 - he was awarded the medal "War for Liberation" (Guerra di liberazione) by Italian Military Ministry. - September 1947 - By the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR he was awarded the Order of Lenin. From 1947 to 1951 – he was the deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR, Moscow City Council of Workers' Deputies, Moscow Regional Council of Workers' Deputies. October 1948 - By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, he was awarded the Order of Lenin. - December 1949 - March 1950 - Order of Lenin. - He was relieved of his job (formally, he was listed "in the reserve of the CPSU City Committee", as indicated in his questionnaires). - May 1950 - at the height of the "Moscow case", he was expelled from the CPSU members of the Party Control Commission. - June 1950 - November 1953 – he was a postgraduate student of the History Department of Lomonosov Moscow State University at the Department of History of the USSR, research director - Professor P.A. Zayonchkovsky. - August 1953 - the decision to expel him from the CPSU was cancelled,he was transferred to the CPSU candidates for a year, in October 1954 he was again admitted to the CPSU. Later, this record of a break in part-time employment was abolished. - December 1953 - September 1961, he was a junior researcher, assistant, senior lecturer, assistant professor of the Department of History of the USSR during the period of capitalism at the Faculty of History of Moscow State University. - February, 1954 – he defended his PhD thesis on "Economic situation and struggle of textile workers of Vladimir province in 1880-1894. - September 1961 - September 1964. – he was the Head of the Marxism-Leninism Department of the All-Union State Institute of Cinematography (VGIK). - September 1964 - July 1969, he was the Head of the Department of Marxism-Leninism at the All-Union State Institute of Cinematography. - September 1964 - July 1969, he was the Head of the Department of History of the CPSU of the Moscow Aviation Technological Institute (MATI). - July 1969 - February 1970. – he was the Rector of the Pedagogical Institute, Acting Rector of Kalmykia State University. - February 1970 - December 1976. – he was the Rector of Kalmyk State University (Elista, Kalmyk ASSR). - 1970 – he was awarded the medal "For Valorous Work". - 1971 - 1975 – he was the Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the Kalmyk Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. - 1971-1978 – he was a Member of the Plenum of the Kalmykia Regional Committee of the CPSU. - 1971 – he was awarded by a sign "For excellent successes in the higher school", a medal "For labor difference". - 1972 – he was awarded the Certificate of Honor of Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of Kalmyk Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. - 1976 - Higher Attestation Commission (HAC) awarded him the academic title of professor. - March, 1976 - by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor. - December 8, 1976 - by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of Kalmyk ASSR, for services in the development of higher education and science in the republic, he was awarded the honorary title of Honored Scientist of Kalmyk ASSR. - December 1976 – he was withdrawn by Rosminvuz to Moscow. - December 1976 – till the end of 1986 – he was the Rector of the Moscow State Historical and Archival Institute. During his work in the Historical and Archival Institute: he was a member of the Presidium of the Scientific and Technical Council on the History of the USSR Ministry of Higher Education, a member of the Council of People's Universities of the RSFSR, a member of the Scientific Council Head of the USSR Council of Ministers, a member of the editorial board of the journal "Soviet Archives", Vice-President of the USSR-Columbia Society. - In 1981, he was awarded the Order of Friendship of Peoples. - In 1985, he was awarded the medal "Forty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War". - 1987-1988 – he was a professor-consultant at the Department of History of the USSR of the Historical and Archival Institute. - May 24, 1993 - after a serious short illness he died in Moscow. He was buried at Troekurovsky cemetery in Moscow.

From a young age Alexander learned about hunger, orphanhood, persecution. He was brought up in a family of distant relatives as a farmhand. When the Great Patriotic War broke out, a lot of people went to the front, everyone wanted to help their country. Alexander did not stand aside. Not thinking about all the burden of the future, he took a junior officer course. He got to the front. In 1942, he received an exit wound to his lungs. He got to the hospital. Having been a little delayed, Alexander found himself at one of the main battles of the Great Patriotic War at Kursk Bulge. This battle was one of the most important stages on the way to the Soviet Union's victory over fascist Germany. The battle lasted less than two months. During that time, on a relatively small territory, a huge mass of troops clashed fiercely, using the most modern military equipment of the time. The battle on both sides involved more than 4 million people, over 69,000 guns and mortars, more than 13,000 tanks and self-propelled guns, and up to 12,000 combat aircrafts. On the Wehrmacht side, more than 100 divisions were involved, which accounted for more than 43 percent of the divisions on the Soviet-German front. From the Kursk Bulge, Alexander Yakovlevich reached Berlin. There he welcomed the long-awaited Victory. He was demobilized in 1946 with the rank of Captain. His life was not easy. The country had to be restored after the war. All forces were thrown into work. In 1947, Alexander Yakovlevich got a family. His wife was a girl from a simple family. Alexander fell in love with her for her kindness and mercy. So they formed a strong alliance. Moving up the career ladder, Alexander from 1951 to 1955 worked as director of Masloprom (Primorsky Masloprom Melekessky district, now Dmitrovgrad). All his life he was devoted to work and his family. He ended his life as a deeply old man, but the trace of war left a huge imprint on his heart and soul. His feat is immortal and will always live in our hearts.

Troops: Ground Forces, Air Force (except marine aviation), Coast Guard, NKVD, Border Guard. Division: 4th Guards Bryansk long-range aviation division. The story of a Great Patriotic War veteran "My Grandfather-Mortar". The battle is a holy and right. Deadly battle is not for glory, for life on earth... I want to tell about my grandfather, a veteran of the Great Patriotic War of Crimea Dagir Satushevich, born in 1922. At the beginning of the war, he served in the Red Army, then he was sent to the front. At that time he was 19 years old. From 1941 to October 1942, he was a mortar thrower of the 196th regiment, then 2 rifle regiments of the 533rd Guards. He was wounded in the right arm and was taken to hospital. After the recovery he fought in the 16th Cavalry Regiment and was an assistant to the platoon. For the liberation of the cities of Kiev, Stalingrad and others, he was awarded the Order of Great Patriotic War, 1st degree, and the Order of Great Patriotic War, 2nd degree. Dagir Satushevich was a courageous, responsible, brave mortar thrower. He marched through Poland, Czechoslovakia, Germany, participated in the battles for Prague, Berlin. About the heroic deeds of Krymaev D.S. testify the Order of "Patriotic War", the medal for the capture of Berlin and many others. For him, the war ended in June 1945 in Germany, from where he returned to his native land of Dagestan in Khasavyurt district. Since then, my grandfather began a peaceful labor activity in the collective farm "Aksai". He married my grandmother Ibavova Gyavahan, raised 5 sons and 3 daughters. My grandfather died on May 24, 1979 from a fragment received during the war. Since those old years, there have been preserved awards, photographs of our grandfather, clippings from newspapers, which describe combat and labor victories, and letters of commendation. We carefully keep the memory of him, pass it on from generation to generation. We are proud of our ancestor! The memory of every warrior of the Great Patriotic War does not fade as long as their children and grandchildren are alive, as long as we are interested in the terrible events of the war, which took so many lives and made millions of people miserable...

My dad, Korneiko Leonid Matveyevich, was born on August 10, 1918 in Ukraine. Because of his difficult family situation, he graduated only from 3rd grade. In 1939, he was drafted into the army. He got into the border troops of the 42nd Infantry Division, which was created at the beginning of the Civil War and participated in the battles for Perekop. Reconstituted in 1939, the division took part in the Finnish campaign in the fighting west of Petrozavodsk. Rank: Petty Officer. Before the Great Patriotic War, the division was stationed on the western border, in Brest. At that time, the border was very restless. There were often conflicts with the Banderais, who had violated the border. Dad always warmly remembered his fourlegged friend, Hindu. The Shepherd helped guard the border. Among other frontline formations, the division took the first strike of the fascist troops. Dad said: "It was Saturday. Bath day. We watched the film until late. Suddenly there was a rumble. We thought it was a thunderstorm, and when we ran out, we saw that the monument, standing on the square in front of the barracks, was broken by a shell. From April 1942 to March 1943, the division was defending the Ressa River. For taking the city of Smolensk, the division was given the honorary name Smolenskaya. On May 4, Parkhim was captured, where division units met with allied forces. For the soldiers of the 42nd Smolensk Rifle Division the Great Patriotic War ended that day. "My father's “Katyusha” took part in the Victory Parade on Red Square, but my father was hospitalized in Czechoslovakia. After the hospital he was sent to the eastern border, participated in the battles in Manchuria, liberated Sakhalin Island.

Rank: Senior Lieutenant Troops: Aviation Division: 6th Mixed Aviation Division (1st formation) Kaunov Pavel Jakovlevich..... Dada Pasha, Grandpa Pasha, just Grandpa, Grandpa... This is a small dialogue with Grandpa, which was once recorded on the dictaphone. The beginning of the war through the eyes of grandfather. From the stories of Pavel Yakovlevich Kaunov: - Where did you meet the beginning of the war? - I met the beginning of the war in Kharkov in 1941. We were on retraining. It already smelled like war. We had new types of fighter planes. The so-called Migs, designed by Mikoyan and Gurevich. By the way, they had 3 series. Mig 1 didn't go into production and the 2nd series didn't go into production, but the 3rd one went. - Did you fly it? -Yes, yes, I flew the 3rd Mig. There were also I-16 and I-153 fighters up till then. -Did you mainly fly the Mig? -Yes, mainly the Mig. But I didn't have to fly much, because the German anti-aircraft guns... so it happened that they shot me down... Under Rzhev. -And when they told you about the war, do you remember? Were you told on June 21? -No. I served in the frames, i.e. before the war I was drafted into the army in Kharkov. In the 39th. There I was at the courses and at school (Kharkov Military Aviation School). I captured a little bit of the Finnish War, in the 39-40th was the war with Finland. It was also such a war..... I was there for only one week, and I froze my legs. Just as the war ended, at Tereoka (the name may not be exact), there is a Finnish town there, nearby. It was already taken by ours . And we were guarding bombs, shells, etc. there. And frosts!!! It began just in the winter campaign, in November - in December... And the Frosts stood there! Under 40 degrees. Snow at the waist! Our army was not adapted to it. Though they were well-dressed, but not all of them. Only skiers, athletes were wearing boots, half jackets, on skis, and the rest were bad. They wore boots ... and froze their feet and hands. By the way, at that time, there were a lot of German engineers working there. -Was it in Finland? -Yes, in Finland, well, there was no war yet, and they worked there as specialists in the creation of this line of Mannerheim, and they supported the Finns, openly no, but with technology they helped. They helped to attack the Soviet Union. This war, our poor supply of equipment, pushed them to prepare for war with the Soviet Union as quickly as possible. The Germans viewed the Finnish War as school practice. Our government, led by Stalin, understood that war with the Germans was inevitable. They saw how the Germans were preparing, intelligence. Our intelligence was strong then, and the German one was also strong then. In general, the parties were well aware of what the German army was and what the Soviet army was. They knew that we had factories, new equipment was being built, new planes, new tanks, new weapons, they knew that we could not delay further. And ours were preparing exactly ... to stall. They proposed a non-aggression peace treaty with Germany, and they concluded this treaty. Hitler signed it. Ribbentrop came here. And Stalin and Molotov signed this treaty "O Ne-na-pa-de-nii". The Germans had already occupied the whole Europe, Poland was divided, part of Poland remained for us. The deviding seemed to have passed, but all Europe was in their hands. And they decided that this PACT is a simple piece of paper and it can be broken. And suddenly, they attacked. Suddenly.... We assumed that they would attack us. On the western borders, on the border with Germany, a large number of tanks, planes were placed but not provided. Neither combustible, nor spare parts, nor all necessary food, that's when they attacked. They attacked and closed down everything there. They crashed 1200 planes right on the border, took a lot of our equipment without a fight and decided that was everything, the Soviet army will not rise anymore. That is, all that was on the border with Germany, planes, tanks, etc., they bombed and took it all as a trophy, went openly, without resistance. They started to bomb our big cities, Kiev, Sevastopol, and a few months later were already near Moscow. And we were in Kharkiv. It was about October... The Germans had already taken Kyiv, but we were alarmed and the cadets were raised. They equipped us with automatic rifles and put us on the roads to detain the fugitives... The Germans surrounded us and took us as prisoners in large batches, and people went up and fled who to where, and we detained them. In November, we were moved from Kharkov to near Moscow. Just preparing the anniversary of the October Revolution, and there we were, already in the 16th Fighter Regiment. The 6th Aviation Corps. Right there, near Moscow, was the hardest battle. Aerostat awards, anti-aircraft artillery, searchlight units, fighter aircraft ... Mainly bombers and fighters, in general, there was such a meat grinder ... The second story of my grandfather, how he was injured, resulting in impaired vision and hearing: it was the 41st. The war was approaching. The accelerated graduation of sergeant-pilot was waiting for us. And the beginning of the war caught me on distribution near Moscow, in the city of Lyubertsy 16th fighter air defense regiment of Moscow. There began combat flights on new Mig-3 planes. When I raided Kubinka, we paired with Captain Kravchenko to shoot down one of the Yu-88s, and then, when I was guiding, I shot down the KE-111s near the Pavlovsky Passad. But while carrying out a difficult mission to bombard departing tank columns and vehicles from the city of Rzhev to the west, we were not lucky ... There were three of us, Kravchenko, Voronin and I, performing the task of defeating tank columns and vehicles. On our way back we had to pass over the town of Rzhev at an altitude of 5000 m in order to reconnoitre its anti-aircraft defense from the air. As soon as we came to Rzhev from the west, we were hit by strong fire of German anti-aircraft guns. The Germans beat us with the guns in an echelonized manner. At a height of up to 7000 m. Voronin's plane was shot down, but he successfully managed to use the altitude, crossed the city border and escaped by parachute. Kravchenko got a lot of holes in the fuselage and wings, and also entered his territory and somehow landed in the field. I got a shard of anti-aircraft charge into the crankcase of the plane's engine and smashed it. Smoke and hot oil filled the cockpit ... The height was good, 5000 meters. But on the plane, the engine abruptly surrendered and the plane flew down like a stone. Despite my actions, I held him down to get out of the city to my people. I hardly noticed that I crossed the Rzhev River, passed through and saw a glade, decided to land on it, but the glade was in hemps ... and there I fell down... When I hit the plane with my backrest torn off, my head hit the dashboard hard. The impact was more on the left side. Maybe I would not have lived today ... if the girls who watched my fall had not pulled me out. The girls were from the VNOS (Airborne Observation Notification Service) service, which operated around Moscow and further west. Then in the hospital in Sokolniki I suffered from severe headaches. The whole left side from head to heels was cotton-like and I could hardly feel it. But gradually, over time, it began to pass. I was already denied to fly... I was used at ground service as a liaison officer with anti-aircraft gunners, detection stations... etc. Then, the Chief of Staff of the 90th Separate Transport Squadron.

Troops: Military and medical personnel. It is dedicated to my grandmother Kazeko (Uskova) Zoe Yakovlevna. The year 1943. February. The sun is shining brightly, tickling with its warm rays. It feels like spring is coming soon. Kalinin gardens are gradually dropping off their winter nap, waking up from deep sleep. Women, teenagers and old people - all who could hold shovels were digging trenches. Zoya and her friends were also working, from time to time throwing around a few phrases. Her dark hair, fluttering, sparkled in the rays of the sun, which occasionally looked out of the clouds. She pushed a shovel into the hard ground and, applying all her power, threw heavy lumps out of the pit. - Zoya! - she heard behind her back. - Zoya, there is a notice for you. She abruptly turned around: - Which one? Having lowered his voice, the postman sadly said: - The summons to the army... that's right, now they are taking the girls to the front... At home, her mother met Zoya in tears. She was the first to be told that her daughter was being drafted. - Zoey, what is it?! - cried a woman with dark circles under her eyes. New tears rolled down her face. - Why you... you are the first one to be taken away from the farm? - Mommy, don't cry, somebody has to start," the girl answered in a shaking voice. - You should be proud that your daughter is the first of the girls to go to the front - barely holding back tears, the daughter was calming down her mother. - Damn war!!! You are only twenty! You are only twenty years old. It's time for you to go on dates... Damn the one who started this war! - her mother was sobbing. Zoya, too, could not hold back and cried quietly. Drops of tears, like pearls, rolled down her tender cheeks and fell on the shoulders of the woman who was hugging her. These salty droplets were immediately absorbed into the blouse on shaking shoulders. Tired of crying, Zoya began to gather for the road. Her mother gave her breadcrumbs, which she dried for her arrival and blessed her. Almost all Lenin's farm walked Zoya to the mound. The women were crying... Those who had husbands and sons at the front asked to say "hello" to them if she sees. The wind was sharp and penetrating. The clouds that covered the sky were gradually turning into gloomy clouds that did not let through the sunlight. And Zoya kept walking and walking... The native farm was becoming smaller and smaller. Her former life was becoming farther and farther from Uskova Zoya. And only her closest friend, Raya Kovaleva, was still walking along, carrying a duffel bag, which she did not want to give to her. - Raya , you are already tired of carrying it, let me carry it. - You'll still have time to put it on," she joked. And trying to cheer up her friend, she smiled. But despite her cute smile, her eyes still gave her out - in them, the lights of sadness glistened. - Zoya, just do not forget about us. As soon as you have some free time, be sure to write to us. - Well, how can I forget! After all, except you, I have no one else. - And after looking into the clear eyes of her friend she added, - I promise. So they walked 9 km. from Lenin farm to Pashkovskaya village. The friends broke up at the military registration and enlistment office. Raya went back home, and Zoya was sent to the city to Shahumyan Street. There, in a small building near the park Voroshilov, she stayed for three days, along with 300 girls who had arrived from all over Krasnodar region. On the third day, two groups were announced. The first group was nurses, the second group was snipers. The following lists were read out: - Kuzovleva - Group 1, Ivanova - Group 2, Zadornova - Group 1, Marusina - Group 1... "You look out the window and you can't believe that somewhere now someone is shooting. The sky is so blue, and the clouds are so airy and curly that you want to fall into them and drown like in a soft featherbed...". - Uskova - 2nd group, - Zoya’s thoughts were interrupted by a sharp voice. She flinched: "the second group... it means a sniper, it means I will shoot..." Finally, having completed the roll-call and distribution, 90 people were sent to the sniper school. They were sent by train to the village Medvedovskaya, in the reserve 128th regiment. Among them was Zoya. Two months of training flew by quickly, where Zoya got acquainted with young girls like her and found new friends. And at the end of April, the short-cut girls were accompanied to the front by Colonel Dmitry Stepanovich Groshev. From the school of snipers they got to the control point, where they were divided into platoons of 20 people. Each platoon received a section in the fins, in which it was to dig trenches and cells for machine guns. Having finished the order, the girls, not thinking long, began to sing songs, and then - walk in pairs in the field. The Russian song spilled easily and smoothly over the reed thickets. Came out on the shore Katyusha, on a high bank on a steep... As if there was no war, and young girls are walking and singing, waiting for their cavaliers. Came out, started the song, About the steppe, grey eagle, About the one whom she loved. About the one that the song was saving. And suddenly the song was interrupted by a loud, angry voice of commander Frolov: - Are you crazy or what?! Started singing songs on the front! They even walk hand in hand, like at the resort, when the Germans are 70 meters away from them! Soon there will be an offensive, and they are singing songs. Walk to the trenches! – What do you mean, the Germans? - Girls whispered with wide open eyes. – What do you mean, 70 meters away from us? - They were puzzled, looking at each other. It seemed that fear and surprise paralyzed them, but, all of a sudden, as if on command, all of them started from their places. Having picked up their rifles, rolled up overcoats and woks, they rushed to the rear. The man in the officer uniform was so amazed that for a minute he stood as if he had been dug up. Then, when he woke up, he rushed to catch up with them in his car. - Damn you! - he shouted after them, - I will shoot! Fuck..., - but no threats affected them. Wth rattling pots, the girls ran in front of the car, afraid to look back. Finally, Frolov did catch up with the runners, and with the shouts of foul language he tried to explain that this is what they were trained for in the sniper school. To beat the enemy. And to cheer up the quiet girls he added: - Soon the help should come - sailors. We are waiting any minute. So you need to withstand just the first onslaught of the enemy - and smirking, added - Devil! It's been about 15 minutes. Everybody was standing in their combat positions, waiting for the attack. Zoya was standing near the machine gun with her partner Dusey Poly (from Armavir; dead). Soon the first shots were heard: the Germans launched an offensive. For half an hour they kept this piece of land under the Kurchanskaya village, only 20 young girls, who had to shoot people for the first time in their lives. The fascists did not even know who stood up to them. After 30 minutes of fierce fighting, which is not so little as it may seem at first glance, they were helped by the sailors of the 83rd Marine Brigade. Together, our troops managed to turn the enemy to escape. The first baptism of fire of the girls took place without losses. After that, the fear retreated, giving way to the belief in victory. All who distinguished themselves in this battle were given awards. Zoya was also among them. Her first medal "For Merit in Combat. The days went by... Zoya and her friends continued to fight. In June, having received another order, she went on a mission with her friend and partner Dusei. The day was sunny and did not foreshadow anything bad. Zoya and her friend, as usual, lay down in a disguised trench. Rifles with telescopic sight were installed... A grasshopper's chirp was heard from golden dandelions and green grass. The sound poured out like a murmuring stream. And suddenly the grasshopper was silent, as if something had frightened him. At the same moment. A gunshot rang in their ears to the point of pain. Zoya fell down. Dusia, with a desperate cry, rushed to her: - Zoya!!! The dark-haired girl hardly opened her eyes. She was dizzy and everything blurred into one colorful spot. A sharp pain in her right chest made her close her eyes again... She woke up in a hospital near Anastasievskaya Stanitsa. A serious wound forced Zoya to lie in bed for two months. Once, when she was on the mend and could walk, the hospital brought gifts to the sick: pencils, paper, fruits and vegetables. The head doctor, who received gifts from the villagers, said: - And we have one girl sniper among the wounded. The guests asked permission to get acquainted with her. How surprised they were to see Zoya, their farmer. There were tears in everyone's eyes. Zoya's mother's best friend was also among those who came. They talked for a long time, shared news and worries, and before they left, Zoya asked: - Do not tell my mother that I am wounded. Don't make her worry, and when I recover, I will write to her about everything. Soon she recovered and got back to her unit - the 83rd Marine Brigade. They were transferred to Ukraine, and after a while Zoya was wounded again, now in her right hand (exit bullet wound) at the battle of Stalin (Donetsk). Having got to the hospital, she stayed there for about a month. After that she was sent to the reserve regiment. But she did not have to fight anymore. Autumn came. The days were getting colder and colder. And this morning was also no exception. The clouds thickened in the sky and promised to rain. But, in spite of that, Zoey's mood was wonderful. Around noon the chief of the train (10-76), Vusiker Arkady, came to their regiment. With the commander's consent, he chose two girls: Zoya and Vera, and took them to the San Train. From that day Zoya became a nurse, and the "flying" san-train became her new home. Their train took the wounded directly from the front to take the sick to the rear. Of course, they were not passenger coaches, but only teplushka coaches, but the girls tried their best to relieve the soldiers not only physical but also mental suffering. - Well, dear, be patient a little more, - Zoya persuaded the young soldier, changing the bandage on a shattered leg. - And why did I only stay alive," the guy wrinkled, "now I will never be able to walk! - You will, you will, dear, but the doctor will repair you a little, and you will be able to dance, - comforted the nurse in a white kerchief with a red cross, finishing the bandage. - Nurse," A voice was heard from the far corner of the teplusha, "let me have a drink. She hurriedly took a mug with water and leaned over the wounded man. Dry lips stuck to the aluminum dishes. - Take your time, take your time," Zoya whispered, supporting the dark-moustached man. When he had enough, she asked: - Well, how is the shoulder? Does it still hurt a lot? - Yes, it was nothing, - the fighter answered as indifferently as he could, and immediately added, - Sis, sing, eh? - Shh, shh, shh. You need peace, so rest. - Zoenka, sing, please. – the soldiers began to ask from all sides. - You know, when you sing, we get better faster. - Well, okay, but don't make any noise, it's bad for you to be nervous. And her wonderful voice was pouring Russian song on the carriage. And the soldiers, closing their eyes, imagined the faces of the dear ones and painfully familiar yards and houses, where they once ran as children. Some quietly sang along, looking at the clear eyes of the singing girl. Quickly, like birds, week after week flew by. And already at the end of July, the train in which Zoya now worked, stopped in the village "Good Morning", in Sevashi. Having loaded 900 wounded people, the train moved. But kust as they left the station, fascist planes appeared in the air. The bombing started. Bombs exploded everywhere. All 900 wounded and 70 service personnel froze in tension. Suddenly, one of the bombs hit the train... Screams and moans filled the air. The explosions were falling like hail. The train caught fire. When the planes flew away and the smoke dispersed, a terrible picture opened to the eyes. There was only wreckage left from the train... only 20 wounded and 7 of the staff survived. Zoe was lucky this time, or almost lucky. By a miracle, she was thrown into the funnel by an explosive wave... After that, it was hard to call the girl's knees knees, they were continuous wounds... Soon a rescue train arrived, which picked up all those who survived. All medals (for combat services and for bravery), documents and things - all burned. Of course, it was a shame, but the most important thing was that she was alive again. After the bombing, the remaining personnel were sent to Engels, to form a new train rank. For a whole month, the girls cleaned, painted, in general, repaired the carriages left from other broken trains. To the delight of the medical staff, they got a good - four-axle cars. Now they could carry the wounded not in teplushki, but in convenient passenger coaches. It all took place on the bank of the Volga River. The railway, on which their train stood, passed directly above this mighty, dark blue river. A narrow path ran along the earthen cliff, which was covered with green grass and weeds... It was this barely noticeable path, and girls ran to the cherished river to bathe. It was an ordinary summer day. The girls, having finished work, were sitting and resting. A young dark-haired guy came up to them. -Hello, girls! - he winked at them. -Hello, hello Slava. Did you manage to do your job already? Slava Lubimenko was an electrician on their train, although before that he had already managed to visit the front. But after his wound, he was also sent to the San Train. - Finished. Are you admiring the Volga? Yes, a beautiful river is spreading out. She's so good! I grew up on the Volga, I swim like a fish. - Just like a fish," laughed the girls. - Why are you laughing? I swim better than all of you combined! - Really?" Zoya doubted. - You mean you can swim," smiled Slavka. - I can. I grew up in Kuban. – What is Kuban ... the Volga - that's right, - he said, looking at the blue distance. - The Volga is really a great river, but it does not mean that you swim better than others," Zoya was not inferior. - Well, let bet then! - the guy got angry. - Let's see who swims the Volga back and forth faster. Are you weaker? - No, not weaker. What do you want to bet on? - Whatever you want to bet on! – The hero got emotional. - Then let’s bet on wheat porridge and candy, - the girl's eyes shone when she imagined these delicacies. - I agree! The guy quickly ran down the path directly to the river. Zoya followed him. - Hey! What are you, crazy? Stop it now! - the girls screamed to them from upstairs. But nothing could stop them anymore. Overcoming the rapid flow of the mighty river, they were swimming to the opposite shore. Terrified girls rushed to call the chief of the train. - They would sink! They must be rescued! Everyone, from the boss to the cook, ran to the slope. They saw a young girl and a young guy swimming back, swimming, overcoming the powerful streams of dark water. Suddenly, someone noticed that Slava began to lag behind... then, for a moment, he disappeared from sight - the water overflowed him and everyone froze in terror. But then, his head appeared again above the surface of the river. It was obvious that the "fish" was already floating out of its last strength. - Zoya! - one of the girls screamed, - Slava is sinking! The girl turned around and saw him, barely waving his hands. Having swam up to him, she whispered: - Grab onto me ... The rest of the river, and it was a little less than half, Zoya no longer tried to overcome as quickly as she had tried before, she just rescued her comrade. On the slope, the crowded people watched their every movement. The commander was continuously watching what was happening through binoculars. Finally, the danger passed, and Zoya, together with the sailor, came to the shore. Everybody rushed to embrace them, although they had not had time to. - Zoya, come to me immediately," Vusiker Arkady said strictly. - And he went towards the train. Having changed clothes, the girl did not dare enter the commander's office. - Did you call? - Are you out of your mind! - the tall, slender man in military uniform exploded immediately- you could have drowned! You can't do that! You, you... you must not disrupt discipline. Because of you, a man could have died. I will put you in the brig for that! Zoya stood silently, and only her black thick eyelashes began to blink more often. The commander was walking from corner to corner. Finally, he stopped and looked at the culprit. Wet curls fell on the girl's shoulders and she seemed so defenseless... - Well, you will not go to the brig, but for this you will work for me day and night. Do you understand? - That's right! - Zoya said in the soldier's style. She didn’t get on the brig, as the commander promised. But Slavka Lyubimenko paid with porridge and sweets... The spring breeze caressed her face and, as if playing, blew around the girl's wavy hair. The sun was shining brightly on this day as never before and the soul rejoiced with it. - Eh, girls, something very good will surely happen today, said Zoya and her lips, like scarlet roses, blossomed in a smile. The new train, in which they worked now, was approaching the railway station in one of Prague's suburbs. Zoya and her friend Katya jumped off the train and ran to the station. There were people crowding and shouting and crying, and some women were tearing their hair off. Not understanding what was happening, they asked: - What happened? - The war is over!!! - Victory!!! - Victory! - Victory! - The war is over! - Hooray!!! From all sides people began to shout joyfully. All hugged and congratulated each other. The friends also hugged and cried, only now they were tears of joy and happiness. Here is the long-awaited VICTORY. - Let's run quickly, we have to tell our friends... Having learned that the war was over, the chief of the train grabbed the girls from happiness and began to circle them aaround. - Victory!!! Other nurses and wounded men, who could walk, came out of the train... Everybody shouted, kissed, cried and laughed, sang songs and danced. And Zoya, whispered to her friend: "I told you that something very good would happen today.

Title: Junior sergeant. Troops: Army, Air Force (except maritime aviation), Coast Guard, NKVD, Border Guard. Order of Glory on his chest, party ticket he keeps even now. In 1942 he joined the Komsomol, and in 1943 Anatoly Krestilnikov, a 17-year-old boy, went to the front. Today, a former war veteran and pensioner lives on Danilov land, to which he devoted his life. Modesty, honesty and responsiveness have always distinguished this man. Since October 1944, together with his fellow countrymen I.I.Goryanov and V.I.Ternov, he served in the 2nd Baltic Front. Right up to the Victory the young commander of "Katyusha" smashed the enemy. Cold, famine, dampness and all the hardships of wartime experienced the young fighters: the character was hardened, the will was formed. Somewhere "near" fought his father, who went to the front, despite the reservation. During the war, they never had to meet. With pain in his heart, his son took the news that his father was missing. Knowing where his father's combat units (marsh tops) were held, Anatoly always believed that he died in battle with honor, as befits a Russian soldier ... With the end of the war, service in the army continued until 1950, here he became a candidate, and joined the Communist Party in 1953. It was solemn and memorable forever. He returned to his native land with the Order of Glory. Many girls with good envy followed a handsome young man with their glances, but he chose his only Lida. A precious vessel of love, his devotion he carried through all their live together, he was always a caring husband... Working in the police is not easy, and sometimes dangerous, but for his wife and daughter Anatoliy Pavlovich always found time and paid all possible attention. Soon he was transferred from an ordinary policeman to the precinct, which meant that there was more trouble, anxiety and responsibility for the fates of his fellow countrymen, and for the order of his station. When his superiors offered to transfer him to another place with a promotion, Krestilnikov refused, and there were reasons for this. But, as they say, orders are not discussed. He became the head of a livestock farm. A veteran does not like to remember difficulties, because it was harder for dairymaids, calves and cattlemen, but he is always near in grief and in joy. He did not sleep, as well as his subordinates, during the nights of the mass calving, together built new buildings and cowsheds, prepared feed ... In 1970, fellow villagers showed Anatoly Pavlovich great trust – he was elected the chairman of the Loboikovsky Village Council. Together with the honorary position, new worries and difficulties were laid on his shoulders. Dozens of human problems had to be solved every day. The leader was always in full view, he had no weekends or holidays, and he helped the villagers as much as he could. Now, being on a well-deserved rest, the veteran of war and labor often remembers the harsh winters, snow drifts, delivery of patients to the district hospital, and collective farm business. Everything remains in his memory. But the main thing is that people talk about Anatoly Pavlovich Krestilnikov with gratitude and kindness.

My great-grandfather along my father's line, Mikhail Nikolaevich Kruglov (1905 - 1966 years of life). Place of birth: the city of Leningrad. In the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army since November 1927. Place of call: Rzhevsky GVK, Kalininskaya Oblast (today Tver Oblast), city of Rzhev. Title: Lieutenant Colonel. Participant in the Soviet-Japanese War. Awarded the following awards: 1) "Order of the Red Star" (2); 2) "Order of the Red Banner"; 3) Medal "For the victory over Japan"; 4) "Order of Lenin"; 5) Jubilee medal "20 years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945"; 6) Jubilee medal "30 years of the Soviet Army and Navy". "Comrade Kruglov, working as an agitator of the political department of the Army, showed himself on the positive side. He treats his work in good faith. During the battles against Japanese imperialism, Comrade Kruglov worked a lot in units, delivered informative lectures and speeches to the personnel, explained Comrade Stalin's demands, combat operations on the fronts, the strength and power of our state and the Red Army. He cultivated hatred to Japanese imperialism among the personnel. In addition, he did a lot of work with the wounded in hospitals, answering their questions," for which he was awarded the "Order of the Red Star" 27 / n 30.09.1945. (From the award order and accompanying documents from http://podvignaroda.mil.ru/ [ http://podvignaroda.mil.ru/ ] ). He married my great-grandmother Kruglova Elizaveta and had 3 children: 2 sons and 1 daughter. Later his grandson was named after his grandfather, Mikhail Nikolaevich. Despite the fact that my great-grandfather was not directly involved in the Great Patriotic War, he made a significant contribution to the defense of our homeland during the Second World War. I did not see my great-grandfather in life, but I am very proud of his feat and that of all our people! Your feat is immortal! REMEMBER! LOVE! PROUD! The information is provided by great-granddaughter Kruglova Julia. Hear me from the depths of time, You are my native, my legendary great grandfather! And from a height, looking at the the world, Find yourself among other names. I am proud to stand in the Immortal Regiment, because the memory of you is sacred to the heart, and to remember the feat of each soldier for the great-grandsons of Victory is the highest duty! Let the people of my country stand in formation, let them remember the villages, towns, villages of their heroes, righteous faces, full of great dignity. May their glory survive for centuries, May our children remember it, May they know the price of that holy Victory, May they stand in the ranks of the Immortal Regiment!

Yakov Davidson Poedinok. We were friends with Sasha Kobzenkov almost from the first day of my stay in the squad. He helped me to develop films, and only one thing upset the boy - there was nowhere to print the cards. Sasha was a liaison, and the guerrillas spoke about him with respect: "This one will not let you down! I photographed Kobzenkov often. But only one photo survived! It was taken in March 1943. Kobzenkov just returned from a mission - under the fire of the enemy delivered a message to the headquarters. Right at the headquarters hut, I photographed him, "So they gave me a turn from the gate," - said Sasha Kobzenkov, not having fun, returning from the Glinsky detachment. It was a shame for him. Didn't he deserve a different attitude to himself? Either he was tired or upset and stopped watching the road, but Sasha got lost. He did not understand it at once: in the forest all trees are similar and all ravines are deep. But when Sasha found himself twice in the place of the burnt down forester's hut, he realized that his business was bad. The day went closer to the evening, there was a cold autumn rain, and rare yellow leaves with a sad rustle flew down from the branches. There was nowhere to hide, there weren’t even crumbs of bread in the shoulder bag... And the day began so promisingly. In the Glinsky squad, Sasha almost immediately ran into his father. Bearded, wearing a hat with earflaps, which hid almost half of his face, his father seemed to Sasha as some stranger. But as soon as he saw his son, the wrinkles smoothed out and a joyful smile illuminated his face.- Sashka, son, - quietly pronounced his father and held him to himself.- Son...he repeated with a trembling voice.- I, father, - said Sasha respectfully, although his eyes were on a wet spot. But he did not allow himself to cry, because he was a partisan liaison. – It’s so goo that you came. Tomorrow you would not have caought me here, we’re going to the railway," my father said. But suddenly, as if remembering something, he asked in surprise: - Wait, wait, how did you find yourself in the squad? Because contact persons are not allowed to leave the villages. - I brought you an urgent report. The Germans and Magyars were caught up with - horror. Uncle Ivan said that we should inform you. - Really? - My father thoughtfully noted and added: - Go, report to the commander.- Batya, I want to stay in the squad. Fedka-policeman started coming over too often to the house. He is sniffing out where you are. It seems he’s guessing that you did not go to any Vladimir-Volynsky to earn money ... - Perhaps, you're right, son, you should stay, - agreed my father. He did it so easily, without resistance, that the boy's heart was beating joyfully. But the commander of the Glinsk squad, having listened to the report and having thanked Sasha, refused to leave the boy: - No, Yegorych, and don't ask, - he put an end to the conversation, when the father supported his son, - You see, the Germans piled up from four sides. I can't take on my conscience such a thing... that children die under bullets. The fights are going to be fierce. Do not judge me, Yegorych, strictly. I respect your son, the real man is becoming of him, but I can't take him... - But he is under the suspicion of the local policeman... - We will have a special conversation with the policeman. And let Sasha move to the neighboring village, far away ... Sasha walked all night. He tried to have a rest, but he got cold quickly in the cold rain. He realized that his rescue was in motion. He remembered various pleasant prewar stories. Sasha especially liked hikes, which were conducted by a military officer from Osoaviachima. He learned to camouflage and orientate himself in the area. Went to ambushes and sentries, in short, grasped the military wisdom. It was interesting ... But anyway, no matter how cheerful he was, the fatigue took its toll. Having caught his foot on the root, he fell down and bruised his knee. Sasha was completely exhausted when he was picked up by the partisans. Sasha knew the commander of the machine-gun company Ilya Mikhailovich Avksentiev well - he had been to their house more than once, he was a friend of his father. - Rest, then you will tell about everything, - gently, but authoritatively ordered Avksentiev, when Sasha wanted to tell about his misfortunes. When Kobzenkov woke up, it was noon. Awksentiev was sitting at the table and wroting something," I look at you, Sashok, - said Avksentiev, - and think: why don’t you stay in the squad? You probably won't get to batya now - the Krauts are chasing them...Sashok instantly lost the desire to tell about what happened to him in the Glinsky squad.- That's what I wanted to ask you, Comrade Commander, - Kobzenkov said solidly, hardly holding back his joy.- Get ready, let's talk to Popuprepko. As Nikolai Nikitich decides, so it will be! Popudrepko, deputy commander of the partisan unit of Chernihiv region, Hero of the Soviet Union, met the boy friendly. He asked about his family, about his father - he knew him from pre-war times. - Where do you think to determine the boy? - He asked Avksentiev.- Second number to Ivan Krasavin, to the machine gun.- Good idea! - praised Popudrepko. Sasha came out of the dugout and therefore did not hear Nikolai Nikitich say to company commander: - You need to take care of such guys... take care of... Keep away from bullets for nothing! - Clearly, Comrade Popudrenko. Krasavin is an experienced soldier. Sasha Kobzenkov, not feeling the ground under his feet from joy, rushed to look for his friend Volodya Kaznacheev. If to tell the truth, Sasha has long been jealous of his comrade. Volodya was only six months older, and already fought for a long time.- You'd better ask to join us, - said Kaznacheev.- Partisan is the same soldier, - cut off Sasha.- The order of the commander is the law.- True, - agreed Kaznacheev.- Gunners also have a responsible job ... Don't worry, we will go to the "railway" together. Machine gunners always come with us. When the echelon jumps on a mine, especially if it is with the live force of the enemy, my case ends. The task of the machine-gunners is to make sure that no fascist gets out alive! Sasha quickly became friends with Vanya Krasavin, a young, cheerful Red Army soldier. He liked the boy, who wanted to understand every detail with his own mind, and tried to make everything with his own hands. Sasha was ready to tinker with a machine gun from morning till late at night, and even sleep with it in his arms. Seeing such devotion, Krasavin willingly passed on the combat experience to his second number. He taught how to determine the correction to the wind, how to hit the heap, and how to lay a bullet "fan" - to cover a large area. They never parted: they even slept in a dugout nearby. One day, they were lifted in the middle of the night. It was so frosty in the yard that it took their breath away. Partisans were gathering at the commander's dugout. When the order was given, everything became clear. The messenger warned the guerrillas that the Germans and the police in two columns were heading for the forest, and tomorrow they were going to attack the camp. The detachment's command decided to organize ambushes on the far approaches to the camp. It was necessary to meet the Hitlerites with machine gun fire and cause them as much damage as possible... Partisan rider confidently ruled the horses. The sleigh, where Sasha Kobzenkov and Krasavin were layng, covered with a coat, were moving in the middle of the column. The snow squeaked as a lullaby under the skids. Krasavin fell asleep quickly. Sasha lay with open eyes and looked at the distant furry stars. He was looking forward to the battle, wanted to take revenge on his mother, who was sent to the concentration camp. Finally, they stopped. The full moon shone brightly. It was visible as if in the afternoon. Quiet orders could be heard. Ivan went to Avksentyev to get an order. Sasha did not lose time: he pulled the machine gun off the sledge on the snow, took off Krasavin’s bag, checked the carbine… They equipped the position on a hillside, which was enveloped in a wide arc by a road coming out of the forest. The old curved pine, half-turned out of the ground by the storm, securely covered the position. The rest of the guerrillas lay in the spruce to the left of the road. It took a long time to wait. Everyone froze, and Sasha was about to ask Krasavin for permission to run and get some warmth when the muffled sounds of car engines were heard from afar. An anxious magpie flew by, followed by a flock of crows. A roundnose truck "fiat" was seen on the road. It was swaying on the bumps, dangerously heeled, and therefore the driver kept at low speed - twenty to thirty kilometers per hour. Behind the truck there was a 'passenger trap,' painted white, and then sleigh full of soldiers stretched out. The second "fiat" dragged a short-bore gun. The column bent out like a snake. Krasavin took to gently bring the sight to the head car. Sasha quickly ran his fingers over the machine-gun belt. When the signal shot was fired, Krasavin pressed the trigger, and "Maxim" began to catch fire, throwing dozens of bullets. Apparently, the driver of the car was killed immediately, because the "fiat" pulled off the road and rolled straight through the field land, throwing snow fountains out from under the wheels. Soldiers jumped out of the car covered with a tarp, but Krasavin hit without a miss. When the car finally stopped drowning in the deep snow, two or three gunners jumped out of the car and rushed to escape. Krasavin carried the fire to the tail of the column and immediately scattered the Nazis, riding in a sleigh. Caught by surprise, the punishers fired indiscriminately. The gunners managed to deploy the cannon, but the shells exploded far into the forest. Krasavin laid down the servants in a short queue and the cannon became silent. - Order in the tank units, - said Krasavin his favorite proverb, satisfied. – They won’t dare to show up soon. But he made a mistake. Furious at the unexpected attack and losses, the punishers almost immediately rushed into the attack. They fired automatic weapons on the move. The fire was unattended, but so dense that the wounded appeared among the guerrillas. Even the pine tree, under which the machine gunners had settled, seemed to moan pitifully from the bullets that were soaked into it. Krasavin was firing by short bursts, sparingly. But the ammunition was rapidly melting. - Ammunition is running out! - warned Sasha.- Damn it! - clicking on the jacket, but not hearing a shot, shouted Krasavin. His hands grabbed the empty belts and immediately threw them aside. - Run to the forest, Sashok! There should be bullets there. Look on the other sleigh! Two heavy boxes with belts seemed to Sasha as light as fluff. When he jumped out of the ravine, he realized with a fallen heart: the Hitlerites shoot more. It is their automatic rifles beat so sharply. Sasha was running along the field land, not looking at the road. - Come on, Sashok, come on, my dear you! - shouted, seeing him, Krasavin. In the blink of an eye, he reloaded the machine gun. The fascists had just risen to the attack. "Maxim" spoke in the hands of Krasavin, and Sasha barely had time to serve the belt. Black figures fell into the snow here and there and did not rise anymore. Soon the Germans stopped the attack and rolled back. The guerrillas took a break and stepped back - the task was completed. Stalled horses abruptly rushed from their places. Far behind, where the partisan ambush had just fought with the chasteners, the mines ruptured loudly... This fight of Alexander Kobzenkov was marked with the first award - the Medal 'For Courage'. The German garrison in Skrygalov resisted persistently. However, the partisans managed to defeat the main post. But the battle dragged on near the stone building, which was turned into a long-term defensive point by the Nazis. The semi-basement room was occupied by a department of chasteners. They had machine guns and automatic rifles, they fired heavily, not sparing bullets. The most annoying to the guerrillas was the machine-gunner. He didn’t let them pick their heads uo off the ground. – These won’t run – said Krasavin with a sigh, having stopped a meaningless waste of their poor ammunition. - They have one chance to survive - to resist our onslaught. They know that they will never be forgiven for their atrocities, - Ah, if only I had a cannon here! - said Sasha dreamily. The stone building stretched out on the hill, and the approaches to it were cleared in advance. The Germans controlled the situation. Of course, they could have waited for the night, crawled closer and thrown grenades at the embrasures. But the day was just beginning. In a couple of hours, for sure, the support would come to the fascists, and then the partisans would be at a disadvantage. The factor of surprise was lost, the guerrillas were forced to lie down one and a half meters from the stronghold and stop senseless bombardment. - Now it's time to leave! – was offered by Krasavin: "Did we smash the main post? We did! Did you blow up the communication node? We did! Did the Chief-traitor take the deserved punishment? He did! What else do we need? - And these will come out and start again with even more cruelty to deal with the old people and children. Now “ is the time"! - Alexander Rasokhin intervened in the conversation. Rasokhin was a sniper who flew to the partisans from the Big Land. He was famous for his imperturbability and good eye. Usually, Rasokhin hunted the officers when they were lifting the soldiers to attack. He used to hit them without a miss. But here he was also powerless. The embrasure, where the gunner was firing from, was securely covered.-Instead of arguing, guys, you better think about what you can do, - Avksentiev interrupted the discussion.- If the machine gun was pulled out to a comfortable position, - started Krasavin. – Not possible. Here, the German shot every inch. I wouldn't take a step... - Though I would go at least to that hut, - Krasavin didn’t stop, annoyed by an unforeseen hitch that threatened to break the guerrilla plans. A peasant house covered with straw rose within eighty meters of the building. When the guerrillas had just launched an attack, there were several policemen, who were quickly destroyed by machine gunners. But the guerrillas failed to use the house. Of the three people sent there with a hand machine gun, two were killed, and the third crawled into the house, but so far has not shown any signs of life. – Forget about it – said Avksentiev sharply – We’ve tried already. While the conversation was going on, Rasokhin was carefully examining the area through the sight of a sniper rifle. He was slowly "feeling" with his eye every bump, every bush.- Listen, Sashok, - he said, turning to Kobzenkov.- Will you come with me? - I will! - Sashok immediately agreed, not knowing where the paratrooper was calling him. - What are you up to, Rasokhin? - the company commander asked. – You can’t really get into the hut with a machine gun - the paratrooper began to quickly explain the plan. - With a rifle - you can. You'll cover us with fire, and we'll crawl... - Why do you need the guy? He has nothing to climb under the bullets for! - Avksentiev strongly objected. - This idea is not good, even if you sneak into the house. The moment you get out - the German will make a sieve out of you.- I need Sashok to distract the gunner's attention, - Rasokhin continued calmly.- He will lift his hat from the second window on a stick and move it. The machine-gunner will be distracted, and here I will enter into business.- Hm, - the company hesitated.- How are you, Sashok, ready to go? - Certainly! They crawled to the hut, and the platoon opened frequent fire. The Germans did not notice that in the hut, just opposite the machine gun embrasure, appeared two people. The floor of the room, overlooking the dot with two windows, was dotted with shards of window glass and pieces of plaster. Partisan moaned under the wall. Rasokhin quickly dragged him to another room and tied his wounds. Then he went behind the cloth screen that had been broken through in several places and began to examine the situation. Sasha silently watched his actions. The sniper squatted and carefully got close to Sasha. – It looks bad. It was not as simple as I had imagined.- Why? - I will not have time to shoot once, as I will be killed. The windows are very close, practically in one queue, taking into account dispersion, will cover both your hat and me... There is, of course, a way out... The risk, however, is great ... - What? - You can go up to full height behind the screen and shoot from the depth of the room ... But I need a support for the rifle... I need your shoulder, Sashok... - So what is the stop? – Kobzenkov was surprised. - For what if... ...in short, the muzzle of the machine gun is pointed at your chest. Maybe the German feels that someone appeared in the hut, or maybe it's different, but only behind the house fascists are looking around carefully... They snuck into the room, and Sasha rose to full height behind an old cloth screen. Rasokhin clicked the shutter and straightened himself out too. Sasha stood up facing the embrasure. Through the gaps he saw the muzzle of the machine gun and a light smoke above it. He knew that should the Germans catch the movement in the hut, and the gun queque will kill him and Rasokhin. "Hold still, don't move," Rasokhin ordered, resting a rifle on Sasha’s shoulder. The shot stunned Sasha, and the rifle hit him in the head painfully. The second shot seemed to sound simultaneously. Sasha saw the machine gun muzzle hinged up. A loud partisan "hooray!" was heard. The disbanded fascists were thrown with grenades... Many years passed since then. The former guerrillas went different places, meetings became rare. But once Kobzenkov took a vacation and went not to the south - to the Black Sea, but to the north - to Chernigov and Bryansk forests. He drove by car from village to village and did not recognize familiar places, no matter how much he looked at them. New houses, new streets, new people. Only the monuments of the fallen reminded of the past, of the losses and of Sashka's fighting youth.

Type of troops: Engineering troops. My grandfather Karakyan Armenak Krikorovich (Grigorievich) was born in 1907. On August 20, 1941 he was mobilized by the Absheron RVC of Krasnodar region. He took part in combat battles as part of the 66th Army Allied Army, 432 Ordnance Disposal Squadron (Independent Engineer Battalion), a sapper. On September 30, 1942, the Army was incorporated into the Stalingrad Front (from September 30, 1942 - the Don Front), and as part of the front, the Army took part in the Battle of Stalingrad (July 17, 1942 - February 02, 1943). ) In September-October 1942, in cooperation with the 24th and 1st Guards Armies, the Army repeatedly launched a counteroffensive to defeat the enemy that broke through to the Volga north of Stalingrad. In cooperation with other frontline troops, the army forged a large part of the 6th German Army, and thus weakened its strike force, which was attacking directly at Stalingrad. During the counteroffensive at Stalingrad, the 66th Army actively prevented enemy troops from moving towards the direction of the main strike of the Don front. On November 24, 1942 a part of the forces went on the offensive and near the village of Rynok joined the 62nd Army of the Stalingrad Front, closing the inner front of the Stalingrad group of German troops. In January-February 1943, it participated in the liquidation of the encircled group. My grandfather, Red Army sapper Karakyanak Armenak Krikorovich (Grigorievich), fought in the 3rd company of the 432rd BIB. For performing a special combat mission from 08.01.1943 to 10.01.1943, he was awarded the Medal "For Combat Services. After the end of the Battle of Stalingrad, from February 6, 1943, the 66th Army was part of the group of troops commanded by Lieutenant General K.P. Trubnikov (from February 27 - the Stalingrad Group of Forces), the reserve rate of the All-Russian Military Command. On the basis of the directive of the Supreme Command Rate of 16.04.1943, by transforming the 66th Army in the Steppe Military District on 05.05.1943 the 5th Guards Army was created. Order of the Supreme Command Rates: from 24.00 hours on July 9, 1943, the Steppe Military District was renamed the Steppe Front. To include into the Steppe Front the 5th Guards Army, the 27th Army with the 4th GV Tank Corps, the 53rd Army with the 1st Mechanical Corps, the 47th Army with the 3rd Mechanical Corps, and the 4th Army with the 3rd Guard Tank Corps, 52nd Army, 5th Guard Tank Army, 3rd, 5th, 7th Guards Cavalry Corps, 5th Air Army, all reinforcements and rear parts and institutions of the Steppe District. The 5th Guards Army took part in the Battle of Kursk, in the Belgorod-Kharkov Strategic Offensive Operation "Rumyantsev" and in the Battle of the Dnieper. Initially, the front troops were deployed in reserve behind the Central and Voronezh fronts. The front had a goal: in the event of an enemy breakthrough, to stop their offensive at the occupied line. On the night of July 11, 1943, during the defensive battle near Kursk, the army units took up the defense on the river Psel at the boundary of Oboyan-Olkhovatka-Semenovka-Vesely. In the morning of July 11, the German SS Tank Division "Adolf Hitler" struck at the junction of the 95th Guards Rifle Division and the 9th Guards Airborne Division of the 33rd Guards Rifle Corps. The army's stubborn active defense inflicted heavy damage on the enemy and created conditions for a counteroffensive. On July 12, the 5th Guards Army and the 5th Guards Tank Army participated in a counterattack on the Voronezh Front and in a counterattack battle near Prokhorovka. In August 1943, the Army took part in the Belgorod-Kharkov Strategic Offensive Operation (August 3-23). On August 23, Kharkov was liberated. In late August and early September, building on its success, the front launched the Poltava-Kremenchug offensive on the Left Bank of Ukraine during the Battle of the Dnieper. By striking in the directions of Poltava-Kremenchug and Krasnograd-Upper Dnieper, the front troops defeated the German 8th and 1st Tank Army units opposing them, and by the end of September they reached the Dnieper, forcing it on the right bank and seized the bridgeheads. In the first half of October, the front fought hard to retain and expand its bridgeheads, gradually uniting them into a common bridgehead south of Kremenchug. On October 15, the front troops began their offensive from the bridgehead towards Pyatikhatka and Krivoy Rog. In cooperation with other fronts, the troops crushed the German defensive line at the Eastern Wall. In one of the offensive operations on the Left Bank of Ukraine on October 16, 1943 my grandfather Karakyan Armenak Grigorievich died the death of the brave. My grandfather, Karakyanak Armenak Krikorovich (Grigorievich), Guards of the Private Soviet Army, who passed the battle way from August 20, 1941 to October 16, 1943, died during the liberation of Ukraine from the German fascist invaders in the village of Pravoberezhnoye, Verhnedneprovsky district, Dnepropetrovsk region. He was buried in the common grave in the center of Pravoberezhnoye village, Verhnedneprovsky district.

Title: Red Army soldier. The kind of troops: artillery. Born in a small Latvian town Krustpils, located on the bank of the Daugava River near Riga. In summer 1941, the Nazis invaded Latvia and began to surround Riga. The Soviet military unit, located near Krustpils, had to leave the encirclement through the huge Krustpils forests. The commander of this unit began looking for people who knew them well. Chaim Yakovlevich was a great nature lover, spent a lot of time in the forests and, knowing them up and down, volunteered to be a guide. For a whole week, they made their way through the woods and finally came out to the front line of the Red Army. After that, the commander invited Chaim to join his military unit. So Chaim became a Red Army soldier. Then, the military unit was sent to Gorokhovets camps in Gorokov region for reformation and training, where he learned to be a gunner of long-range artillery, combining this position with a riding post (at that time, the guns were transported from position to position on horses, and horses were in his care). After training, he was sent as part of the Artillery Regiment to the front line near the city of Naro-Fominsk, Moscow region, where there was a very active Nazi offensive in Moscow. Gradually, the Soviet troops began to pull the Nazis away from Moscow, and the batteries of heavy guns, including Chaim's gun, began to move forward along with the front line, providing artillery training and fire cover for the infantry. Chaim's six-man gun crew, led by the gun commander, arrived at the new firing position. At this time it was raining heavily, and the whole crew took refuge in a dugout found at the point, and Chaim, despite the rain, went to take care of the horses (straighten, fence, set the stern). And when he straightened the horses and led them into the forest to shelter them from the rain, a mine flew to their position and got directly into the dugout, and all who were there, died. Haim was the onlt survivor. He was saved by the care he took of the horses. For several days, he was alone with his gun, helping horses to get him out of the mud, he was trying to get to his people and succeeded, but his health was undermined - he went to the hospital and could not fight anymore. He was sent to Gorky to work in the rear of the defense plant. After the war, Chaim was awarded the medal "For Victory in the Great Patriotic War. His brother, Max Yakovlevich Karlin, died in the fall of 1941 in the battle of Naro-Fominsk, defending the approaches to Moscow. His father, mother, sister and three small nephews, as well as many other Jews in the Riga ghetto, were shot by the Nazis in 1941.

Title: Red Army man. Troops: Ground Forces, Air Force (except marine aviation), Coast Guard, NKVD, Border Guard. Division: 150th Infantry Division of the Idritz-Berlin Kutuzov Order. Viktor G. Karbulov lived in the village of Uryum, Tetyusha district, Republic of Tatarstan, participant of the Great Patriotic War, holder of the Order of the Red Banner - this very important military award. He was a Red Army soldier, rifleman of 756th rifle regiment of 150th rifle division of Idritsk. V.G. Karbulov recalls "...I was conscripted into the army in June 44 and enrolled in a special combat battalion. Why only in 1944? I wasn’t tall, they didn’t want me in the beginning, then they needed me, the war required human reserves. Then I was trained for 2.5 months to become a paratrooper. But when the time came to use me in practice, I was expelled - I did not have enough weight. I got into the marching company. And immediately on the front line. Our troops were actively attacking. We liberated Poland. There were fierce battles on the approaches to Warsaw. Each house was like a fortress here. In one of the hard battles, which even hurts to remember, we were surrounded. From 68 people of our company only 15 survived by a miracle. Among them was I. When our troops broke through the ring of entourage, the Germans, retreating, destroyed everything on their way. And, of course, were ruthless to us, the soldiers. In the battle for Kunersdorf under strong fire of the enemy Karbulov was the first to cross the water border. He broke into the heavily fortified point of the enemy and destroyed 10 Hitlerites. When the ammo ran out, he opened fire from a trophy machine gun and provided the crossing for his unit. In the battle the squad leader was seriously injured and Karbulov took command, broke through with his department in the German trench, crushed the machine-gun point with grenades and set a red flag at a height. Karbulov held back furious German attacks for 10 hours until the unit approached. For this fight, he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner and has an award sheet for the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

Title: Major. Troops: Army, Air Force (except marine aviation), Coast Guard, NKVD, Border Guard. Division: 32nd Cavalry Smolensk Red Banner Order Suvorov Division. Peter Safronovich Krysyuk was born on April 30, 1912 in the town of Chernyakhov, Volyn province in the family of the hero of the First Patriotic War Georgievskogo cavalier Safron Krysyuk. In 1934, P.S. Krysyuk was called up to serve in the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army of Chernyakhiv RVC of Zhytomyr region of the Ukrainian SSR. From that moment on, his life was inseparably connected with the cavalry. He participated in battles near Lake Hasan (Japan) 29.07-11.08.1938, near Khalkhin-Gol River (Japan) 20-31.08.1939, in the Polish campaign of the Red Army 17-29.09.1939, in the Soviet-Finnish War 30.11.1939-12.03.1940 and in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945. In December 1940, the Directorate of the Cavalry Army Group, where the grandfather served as a staff officer, was renamed the Directorate of the 26th Army. With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the 26th Army was included in the South-Western Front of the 1st formation, took part in the border battle, conducted heavy defensive battles on Vinnitsa direction, east of Proskurov, then on the section south of Kiev - Zolotonosh. During the Kiev strategic defensive operation, from July 7 to September 26, the troops of the 26th Army made several counterstrikes against the Nazi 1st tank group and delayed the advance of the enemy's 6th Army units south of Kiev. That allowed many of the city's industrial enterprises and some civilians to be evacuated. In addition to the 26th Army, the Kiev group of troops defending Kiev included the 5th and 37th Armies and units of the 21st and 38th Armies. All of them ended up in the Kiev melting pot. On September 16, 1941, the 26th Army under the command of Lieutenant-General F.Y.Kostenko was surrounded. The commander of the South-Western Front, Hero of the Soviet Union Colonel General M.P. Kirponos, the front's commander and members of the Front's Military Council were killed. The commander of the 5th Army, Major-General of the Tank Troops M.I.Potapov, was taken as prisoner. Experiencing an acute shortage of ammunition, the 26th Army spent eleven days fighting with superior enemy forces in full surroundings. On September 18, my grandfather, having reconnoitered the situation in the enemy camp, gave the command valuable information ensuring that the Red Army's military units would leave for a sheltered location. On September 28, my grandfather was assigned to the Military Committee of the 36th Cavalry Regiment of the 47th Cavalry Division. On the same day, Krysyuk Peter Safronovich led the regiment into battle near Kuzelin and the village of Yakhna, Fastivsky district, Kiev region. And he took all the parts of the 36th Cavalry Regiment out of the encirclement. The personnel of the 47th Cavalry Division who left the encirclement went to replenish the 32nd Cavalry Division. On November 20, 1941 my grandfather Krysyuk Peter Safronovich was presented with the Order of the Red Banner. From November 10, 1941 till the most victorious day on May 9, 1945 my grandfather walked the war roads with the 32nd Cavalry Division. On October 3, 1942, Krysyuk Peter Safronovich Commander 27 of the 32nd Cavalry Division of the Smolensk Red Banner Cavalry Order of Suvorov Division of the 3rd Guards Cavalry Order of Lenin of the Red Banner Corps (32 gv.kd 3 gv.kk) received the rank of Captain. The division did not know any defeats, for which it was transformed into the Guards Division. By order of the All-Union State Control Committee of 25.09.1943 for the liberation of the cities of Smolensk and Roslavl, distinguished in the battles of 32nd Cavalry Division was named Smolenskaya. By the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of 25.07.1944 for the liberation of the cities of Lida and Grodno, for their valor and courage, 32 cavalry division was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. By the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces from 05.04.1945 for the liberation of the cities of Hejnice and Tukhol, for their valor and courage, the 32nd Guards Smolensk Red Banner Cavalry Division was awarded the Order of Suvorov II degree. The commander of the 32nd Guards cavalry division - colonel Ivan Prokofievich Kalyuzhny, commander of the 3rd Guards cavalry corps - major-general Nikolay Sergeevich Oslikovsky. (Many years later, he became a consultant at Mosfilm Studio. In the credits for the films "War and Peace", "The Quiet Don", "Running", "Elusive Avengers" there is an inscription - Lieutenant General N.S.Oslikovsky, a consultant). The Directive of the Higher Administrative District Rates No. 220143 of 14.07.1944 the 3rd Cavalry Corps was transferred from the 3rd Belorussian Front to the 2nd Belorussian Front under the command of Marshal of the Soviet Union Konstantin Rokossovsky. With these outstanding commanders, my grandfather Krysyuk Peter Safronovich went through the entire Great Patriotic War, participated in the battles for Kiev, for Stalingrad, for Donbass, for Smolensk, on the Kursk Bulge, for the liberation of Belarus and Poland, in the Berlin offensive. He was wounded 4 times, but returned to the front line again. Major Krysyuk Pyotr Safronovich was awarded two Red Star Orders, the Order of Combat Red Banner, medals 'For Combat Merits', 'For Stalingrad Defense', 'For Capture of Koenigsberg', 'For Victory over Germany' and others. My grandfather died in 1977. He was buried in Karaganda region in Kazakhstan. I am glad that I managed to have at least a little talk with my grandfather. I remember him and I am proud of him. I wish very much that growing up descendants would be interested in the exploits of grandfathers- great-grandfathers, learned the history of their fates, learned lessons, and always remember what the generation, that is disappearing in eternity, had to go through. People! Take care of the PEACE!

Euphretor. Division: 13th Guards Rifle Division of the Poltava Order of Lenin twice Red Banner Division of the Orders of Suvorov and Kutuzov. Korzh Grigory Vasilyevich, was born on May 3, 1923 in Paryshkov village of Baryshevsky district of Kiev region. When on June 21, 1941 in Paryshkov village there was a graduation party (Korzh Grigory was among the graduates), the capital of Ukraine was already bombed by fascists. Having received their matriculation certificates, boys and girls walked around the village, sang songs, dreamed of the future... And in the morning, all boys born in 1923-1924 received subpoenas from the military committee. Korzh Grigory was enlisted in the 13th Guards Division under the command of A.I. Rodimtsev and participated in the Battle of Stalingrad, liberated Mamaev Mound. For his participation in the Battle of Stalingrad Guards euphretor Korzh G.V. was awarded the medal "For the Defense of Stalingrad" and a thanking letter signed by Stalin. He reached Poland with the glorious division. In 1944 Korzh G.V. was sent to Chkalovskoye twice Red Banner anti-aircraft artillery school named after S.Ordzhonikidze. In 1946, he was demobilized and settled in the village Saraktash Chkalovsky (now Orenburg) region. For more than 25 years he worked in Saraktash Regional Department of Internal Affairs as the Senior Operative Officer of OBCC. He retired in the rank of police major. Korzh G.V. died in 1984. The front-line poet S. Gudzenko very accurately said about my great-grandfather’s generation in his poem: ... It is our destiny, it is with her we fought and sang, rose to the attack and tore bridges over the Bug. There is no need to feel sorry for us: we would not feel sorry for anybody. We are clean before our Russia, as before God.

Title: Sergeant. Troops: Artillery. He went to the front on August 19, 1942. He fought as an electrician bomber on “Vanyusha” mortars. From 1942 he went to the Leningrad front. Participated in the breakthrough of the blockade of Leningrad. In 1945 he liberated Warsaw. He was wounded... Konstantin Vasilkovsky and Pavel Yudin were his fighting friends - members of the same regiment, with whom he became friends even after the war. His childhood friend Georgiy Sokolov came back from the front as a disabled man. His friends Valentin Oskin (tank driver), Semyon Moiseyevich Rudoy, Yuri Yegunov, his sister's (Nadezhda Nikolaevna) husband Sitnikov Vladimir Nikiforovich were the front-runners. Biography after the war. Before the front, he graduated from technical college as an electrician and after the war worked as an electrician. He graduated from MPEI in absentia, having qualified as an engineer. He worked in the Ministry of Electrical Industry of the USSR, participated in the construction of the Aswan HPP in Egypt as a representative of the HPP in 1967-71. And he married soon after demobilization in December 1945 to his former classmate Zoya Afanasyevna Vinogradova (who became Komissarova). Together they lived in love and harmony, never having quarreled for almost half a century, having raised a son and a daughter, and having waited for two grandchildren and two granddaughters, all of whom received good education and became worthy people. His family is continued by his great-grandson Nikita Grigorievich Komissarov, and on the line of his daughter - two great-granddaughters Anastasia and Victoria Dmitrievni Bulychevi. Alexey Nikolaevich Komissarov is buried at Kalitnikovsky, "family" cemetery of Moscow near his father.